Abstract:

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common central nervous system disease. The diagnosis of conventional mTBI primarily relies on patient-reported symptoms and the subjective clinical judgment of clinical physician, which lacks objective diagnostic methods and easily contributed to neglect and result in poor clinical prognosis. However, with the continuous advancement of imaging technologies, emerging modalities such as susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), FLAIR, magnetic resonance spectrum (MRS), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), have provided new opportunities for the diagnosis, management and prognostic assessment of mTBI. These imaging technologies offer enhanced capabilities for detecting microscopic pathological alterations in brain tissue, facilitating the evaluation of treatment efficacy and long-term prognosis. This article systematically elaborates on the role of the aforementioned specialized or emerging imaging technologies in the diagnosis and prognostic assessment of mTBI, as well as their potential applications in future research, deepening clinical's understand of disease and providing a reference for clinical practice.

Key words: Brain injuries, traumatic, Magnetic resonance imaging, Review

摘要：

轻型颅脑创伤是最常见的中枢神经系统疾病，传统诊断依赖患者症状和临床医师主观判断，缺乏客观诊断手段，极易忽视，导致临床预后不良。随着影像学技术的发展，磁敏感加权成像、FLAIR成像、磁共振波谱、扩散张量成像、fMRI等新兴技术为轻型颅脑创伤的诊断与管理及预后评估提供新的可能性，更有效检出脑组织微观病理变化，辅助评估疗效及预后。本文系统阐述上述特殊或新兴影像学技术在轻型颅脑创伤诊断与预后评估中的作用及其在未来研究中的潜在应用，加深临床医师对疾病的了解并为临床实践提供参考。

关键词: 脑损伤，创伤性, 磁共振成像, 综述