Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the correlation between plasma vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels and cortical regional blood flow impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Methods: All 67 patients with CSVD diagnosed and treated in Fu Yang People's Hospital in Anhui from October 2021 to June 2023 were selected, and 55 subjects were selected as the control group. Using 3.0T MRI with 3D arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) perfusion imaging technology to measure the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in different cortical regions, and the levels of plasma VCAM-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to investigate the correlation between plasma VCAM-1 levels and CBF values in each cortical region. Results: Correlation analysis showed that plasma VCAM-1 was negatively correlated with CBF value in the left superior temporal gyrus (r =-0.285, P = 0.021), supramarginal gyrus (r =-0.250, P = 0.044), insula lobe (r =-0.270, P = 0.030), medial prefrontal cortex (r =-0.329, P = 0.008), middle temporal gyrus (r =-0.282, P = 0.023), paracentral lobule (r =-0.274, P = 0.027), and in the right middle temporal gyrus (r =-0.298, P = 0.016), postcentral gyrus (r =-0.264, P = 0.033), superior temporal gyrus (r =-0.275, P = 0.027), supramarginal gyrus (r =-0.293, P = 0.018), insula (r =-0.255, P = 0.041) in CSVD group, while the CBF value in the left medial prefrontal cortex in CSVD group was significantly lower than that in control group [(33.46 ± 8.27) ml/(min·100 g) vs. (36.56 ± 8.74) ml/(min·100 g); t =-2.009, P = 0.047]. Conclusions: Plasma VCAM-1 of CSVD patients may serve as a serological marker to evaluate local blood flow damage, suggesting that hypertension causes endothelial damage and inflammatory response.

Key words: Cerebral small vessel diseases, Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, Hemodynamics, Magnetic resonance imaging

摘要：

目的: 探讨脑小血管病患者血浆血管细胞黏附分子-1（VCAM-1）水平与皮质血流动力学改变之间的相关性。方法: 选择2021年10月至2023年6月安徽省阜阳市人民医院诊断与治疗的67例脑小血管病患者和55例对照者，采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血浆VCAM-1水平，三维动脉自旋标记测量不同皮质区域脑血流量（CBF），采用Pearson相关分析和偏相关分析探讨血浆VCAM-1水平与各皮质区域CBF值的相关性。结果: 脑小血管病患者血浆VCAM-1水平与左侧颞上回（r=-0.285，P=0.021）、缘上回（r=-0.250，P=0.044）、岛叶（r=-0.270，P=0.030）、内侧前额皮质（r=-0.329，P=0.008）、颞中回（r=-0.282，P=0.023）、旁中央小叶（r=-0.274，P=0.027），以及右侧颞中回（r=-0.298，P=0.016）、中央后回（r=-0.264，P=0.033）、颞上回（r=-0.275，P=0.027）、缘上回（r=-0.293，P=0.018）、岛叶（r=-0.255，P=0.041）CBF值均呈负相关关系，仅左内侧前额皮质CBF值低于对照者[（33.46 ± 8.27）ml/（min·100 g）对（36.56 ± 8.74）ml/（min·100 g）；t=-2.009，P=0.047]。结论: VCAM-1有望成为评估脑小血管病患者局部血流动力学障碍的血液学标志物，推测是由于高血压引起血管内皮损伤、炎症反应导致局部脑低灌注所致。

关键词: 大脑小血管疾病, 血管细胞黏附分子1, 血流动力学, 磁共振成像