摘要：

特发性震颤除表现为震颤外，还可以出现共济失调等运动症状以及认知功能障碍、情感障碍和听力下降等非运动症状。发病机制尚不明确，小脑、脑干、红核、丘脑和基底神经核均受累，致病基因的克隆为发病机制的研究奠定基础。治疗方法主要包括药物治疗和外科手术，其中，表现为头部、手部和声音震颤的患者可肌肉注射A 型肉毒毒素，外科手术包括丘脑毁损术和脑深部电刺激术等。

关键词: 特发性震颤, 综述

Abstract:

Recent research shows besides the symptom of tremor, essential tremor (ET) patients also present with motor symptoms such as dysfunction of cerebellum, and non?motor symptoms (NMS) such as cognitive impairment, mood symptoms and loss of hearing. The mechanism of ET remains unclear. The dysfunction of cerebellum, brain stem, red nuclei, thalamus and basal nuclei could be involved in ET. Several loci and genes were identified, which is helpful for the study of mechanism on ET. The therapies of ET include medication and surgery. The botulinum toxin A could be used in the ET patients whose main symptoms are tremor of head, hand and voice. The surgeries include thalamotomy and deep brain stimulation (DBS).

Key words: Essential tremor, Review