Clinical progress of neuromodulation therapy for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2026.01.006

Abstract

Abstract: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease, with core clinical symptoms including motor disorders and cognitive impairment. Since there is currently no effective radical treatment, the development of targeted diagnostic strategies and intervention measures to delay disease progression is particularly urgent. In recent years, neuromodulation technique has attracted widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases; they achieve therapeutic goals by precisely adjusting stimulation parameters to act on specific brain regions. This article aims to systematically discuss the existing efficacy studies of three neuromodulation techniques, including non-invasive techniques such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), and invasive technique such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), in the clinical application of SCA3, and explore the application potential of neuromodulation technique such as transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) and optogenetics in the field of SCA3 treatment. It is expected to provide new ideas and references for the in-depth research and clinical transformation of neuromodulation technique in SCA3.

Key words: Machado-Joseph disease, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Electric stimulation therapy, Deep brain stimulation, Ultrasonic therapy, Optogenetics, Review

摘要： 脊髓小脑性共济失调3型（SCA3）是一种常染色体显性遗传性神经退行性疾病，核心临床症状包括运动障碍和认知功能障碍。目前尚无有效治疗方法，开发针对性的诊断策略以及延缓疾病进展的干预措施显得尤为迫切。神经调控技术作为一种新兴的神经系统疾病治疗策略受到广泛关注，通过精准调节刺激参数作用于特定脑区以实现治疗目的。本文综述非侵入性的重复经颅磁刺激、经颅电刺激以及侵入性的脑深部电刺激术在SCA3治疗领域的应用现状，并探讨经颅聚焦超声刺激和光控遗传修饰技术在SCA3治疗领域的应用潜力，以期为神经调控技术在SCA3中的深入研究与临床转化提供新的思路。

关键词: Machado-Joseph病, 经颅磁刺激, 电刺激疗法, 深部脑刺激法, 超声疗法, 光遗传学, 综述

CLC Number:

R741
R651

WANG Cheng-en, LI Xue-hui, GENG Zi-han, ZHAO Fei, YANG Jia-jia. Clinical progress of neuromodulation therapy for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2026, 26(1): 40-49.

王承恩, 李雪辉, 耿子涵, 赵飞, 杨佳佳. 神经调控治疗脊髓小脑性共济失调3型临床进展[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2026, 26(1): 40-49.

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