Progress on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2026.02.007

Abstract

Abstract: The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD) has not been fully elucidated to date,posing tremendous challenges for clinical treatment. An in-depth exploration of its pathogenesis is of great significance for early screening, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AD. This paper comprehensively reviews numerous research hotspots in the pathogenesis of AD in recent years, including amyloid β-protein(Aβ) hypothesis, tau protein and neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs) hypothesis, neuroinflammatory hypothesis,oxidative stress injury hypothesis, vascular dysfunction hypothesis, synaptic dysfunction and neurotransmitter changes hypothesis, gut-brain axis hypothesis, and gene mutation hypothesis, so as to provide references for the early diagnosis and effective treatment.

Key words: Alzheimer disease, Amyloid beta-peptides, Tau proteins, Inflammation, Synapses, Gastrointestinal microbiome, Genes, Mutation, Review

摘要： 阿尔茨海默病的发病机制目前尚未完全阐明，给临床治疗带来极大挑战。深入探究其发病机制，对早期筛查、预防、诊断及治疗具有重要意义。本文详细综述近年阿尔茨海默病发病机制的诸多研究热点，包括β-淀粉样蛋白假说、tau蛋白与神经原纤维缠结假说、神经炎症假说、氧化应激损伤假说、血管功能障碍假说、突触功能障碍与神经递质改变假说、脑肠轴假说、基因突变假说，为疾病早期诊断与有效治疗提供参考。

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 淀粉样β肽类, tau蛋白质类, 炎症, 突触, 胃肠道微生物组, 基因, 突变, 综述

CLC Number:

R743

WANG Pu-yun, WANG Cai-xia, JIA Yan-hong, SUN Yong-jie, LIU Mei-li, LIANG Fu-ru. Progress on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2026, 26(2): 161-168.

王普云, 王彩霞, 贾艳红, 孙咏婕, 刘美俐, 梁芙茹. 阿尔茨海默病发病机制研究进展[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2026, 26(2): 161-168.

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URL: https://journal11.magtechjournal.com/cjcnn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2026.02.007

https://journal11.magtechjournal.com/cjcnn/EN/Y2026/V26/I2/161

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