Abstract:

The emotional disorders after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are significant sequelae that affect patient rehabilitation and quality of life. Clinical manifestations primarily include depression, anxiety, and cognitive dysfunction, with mechanisms involving brain structural and functional changes. Functional neuroimaging techniques provide key biological evidence to unveil the pathophysiological mechanisms. Currently treatments focus on medication, psychological interventions, and neuroregulatory technologies, while interdisciplinary comprehensive treatment strategies can significantly improve symptoms. This article aims to conduct a review on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of emotional disorders after TBI, and prospect the future development directions, so as to promote the optimization and innovation of diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Key words: Brain injuries, traumatic, Affective disorders, Depression, Anxiety, Cognition disorders, Review

摘要：

颅脑创伤情感障碍是影响患者康复和生活质量的重要后遗症。临床表现以抑郁症状、焦虑症状及认知功能障碍为主, 其机制涉及脑结构及功能改变。功能性神经影像学技术为揭示其病理生理学机制提供关键生物学证据。目前治疗以药物治疗、心理干预及神经调控技术为主, 多学科综合治疗策略可显著改善颅脑创伤情感障碍。本文拟从颅脑创伤情感障碍的流行病学特征、临床表现、发病机制、诊断与治疗方面进行综述, 并展望未来发展方向, 以推动诊断与治疗方案的优化与创新。

关键词: 脑损伤, 创伤性, 情感障碍, 抑郁, 焦虑, 认知障碍, 综述