摘要：

脑小血管病是导致慢性脑组织低灌注的主要原因，而与脑白质病变相关的步态障碍、平衡障碍和跌倒可增加脑小血管病患者病残和病死风险。因此，了解步态障碍、平衡障碍和跌倒与脑白质病变之间的关联性、病理生理学机制、评价方法等相关研究进展，有助于预测跌倒的发生，并可针对其潜在风险采取相应干预措施，提高脑小血管病患者生活质量。

关键词: 脑血管障碍, 小动脉, 小静脉, 运动障碍, 综述

Abstract:

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is the leading cause of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Gait, balance disorders and falls associated with white matter lesions can increase the risk of sickness and death in patients with cSVD. Therefore, understanding the correlations between gait, balance disorders and falls and white matter lesions, pathophysiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, etc., can help to predict the occurrence of falls and can be taken against their potential risks. Corresponding interventions can improve the quality of life of patients with cSVD.

Key words: Cerebrovascular disorders, Arterioles, Venules, Movement disorders, Review