摘要：

头晕眩晕是常见临床症状，临床表现复杂，病因多样，因此应掌握正确诊断思路和方法。首先应进行详细的病史询问，了解头晕眩晕发作性质和类型、持续时间、伴随症状及相关病史；其次应进行仔细的神经耳科检查和针对性辅助检查，不加选择的辅助检查并不能有助于诊断。基于上述过程，方可以实现不同前庭综合征（急性、阵发性或慢性）的诊断，再结合诊断标准完成疾病诊断。本文拟结合《眩晕诊治多学科专家共识》，就如何通过病史询问、体格检查和辅助检查建立综合征的诊断并最终完成头晕眩晕病因诊断进行阐述。

关键词: 头晕, 眩晕, 综合征, 诊断, 综述

Abstract:

Dizziness and vertigo are common clinical conditions with complex and overlapped clinical features that caused by various disorders and diseases. Therefore, it is important to grasp the correct diagnostic approaches and methods. First, it is necessary to carry out a careful history inquiry to understand the nature and type, duration, accompanying symptoms and related medical history. The second is to carry out careful neuro - otological examinations and targeted tests. The indiscriminate auxiliary examination does not help the diagnosis. Based on the above process, the diagnosis of different vestibular syndromes (acute, episodic or chronic) can be realized, and the diagnosis of disorders or diseases can be made according to diagnostic criteria. The paper discussed how to make the final diagnosis by inquiry and physical examination, auxiliary examination and syndrome diagnosis on the basis of "Multidisciplinary expert consensus of diagnosis and treatment of vertigo".

Key words: Dizziness, Vertigo, Syndrome, Diagnosis, Review