摘要：

非侵入性神经调控技术取得显著进展，成为研究和治疗多种神经精神疾病的重要方法。随着技术的不断发展，经颅磁刺激和经颅直流电刺激广泛应用于临床实践，尤其在抑郁症、焦虑症和慢性疼痛等脑功能性疾病的治疗中展现出良好效果，但仍面临一系列挑战，包括个体反应差异大、治疗效果维持时间短，以及刺激参数需进一步优化等。本文综述主要的非侵入性神经调控技术及其在脑功能性疾病中的应用进展以及未来发展方向，旨在为进一步探究其在脑功能性疾病和神经功能等方面的扩展应用提供参考。

关键词: 经颅磁刺激, 电刺激疗法, 脑疾病, 综述

Abstract:

Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques have achieved remarkable advancements in the field of neuroscience in recent years, emerging as a crucial tool for researching and treating numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. The primary methods of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have increasingly been incorporated into clinical practice and demonstrated impressive outcomes in depression, anxiety, and chronic pain. However, the application of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques still encounter several challenges, such as significant individual response variations, limited duration of therapeutic effects, and issues with standardizing stimulation parameters. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the primary non-invasive neuromodulation techniques and their current applications in brain functional diseases, analyzes the efficacy evaluation and future development direction to provide reference for further exploring their expanded applications in brain functional diseases and neural functions.

Key words: Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Electric stimulation therapy, Brain diseases, Review