摘要：

脑微出血是脑小血管病的典型影像学特征，提示既往曾发生过颅内小血管破裂。脑微出血与脑缺血性事件的相关性是目前神经科研究的热点。2015年以来发表了许多关于脑微出血与急性缺血性卒中和（或）短暂性脑缺血发作后继发脑出血的Meta分析，其中不乏多中心、大样本临床观察结 果。由于这些Meta分析结果大多基于西方白种人的临床资料，经综合以中国、日本、韩国等东亚人群为 主体的大样本临床观察资料，目前所获得的较为一致的结论是：脑微出血发生率、数目和部位分布对急性缺血性卒中和（或）短暂性脑缺血发作后继发脑出血显著相关，在对此类患者进行风险分层和治疗决策时有重要参考意义。

关键词: 大脑小血管疾病, 脑出血, 脑缺血, 综述

Abstract:

 Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are typical neuro-imaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), representing that some small intracranial vessels rupture have occured in the past. Correlation between CMBs and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) secondary to cerebral ischemic events are currently hot spots in clinical studies among neurologists. There were plenty of Meta-analysis reports on the secondary ICH after CMBs and acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) since 2015, and large amounts of patients from multi-centers around the world were included. Because most of these research were based on the Western white race, thus some reports with large-scale east Asian populations (such as China, Japan and Korea patients) were also included as supplement. Overall, there were international consensus that there was significant relation between the incidence rate, number of hemorrhagic focus, spatial distribution of CMBs and secondary ICH post ischemic events, it could be helpful to use CMBs as one of reference indices in risk stratificating and anticoagulation decisions-making.

Key words:  Cerebral small vessel diseases, Cerebral hemorrhage, Brain ischemia, Review