Table of Content

05 October 2019, Volume 39 Issue 10

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Silencing PDK1 gene inhibits proliferation and invasion of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3

2019, 39(10):  1381-1387. 

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Objective To investigate the effects of small interfering RNA mediated pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 silencing on the proliferation, migration, invasion and clonogenic ability of SKOV3 cells and preliminarily discuss its mechanism. Methods Transient transfection interfered with SKOV3 cells in both the experimental group and the negative control group. Western blot and real-time PCR were used to verify the transfection efficiency, CCK8 and cloning formation assay were used to detect cell proliferation and cloning ability, Transwell invasion and scratch assay was used to detect cell invasion and migration ability, and flow cytometry was used to explore cell cycle and apoptosis. Results Cell proliferation and cloning ability in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01); cell invasion and migration ability in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); PDK1 gene silencing in SKOV3 cells shortened the cell replication period and increased its early apoptotic ability (P<0.01). Conclusions PDK1 gene silencing can significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and cloning ability of SKOV3 cells, and shorten the S phase of cells and increase the apoptotic rate.

Apelin ameliorates vascular calcification of rats with chronic kidney disease

2019, 39(10):  1388-1392. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of adipokine Apelin on vascular calcification of rats with chronic kidney disease. Methods The rats were randomly divided into Control group (given normal diet), Model group (given 0.75% adenine diet to induce chronic kidney disease and aortic calcification) , Apelin-treated group ( given 0.75% adenine diet and subcutaneous infusion of Apelin-13 20μg/kg daily) and Apelin-treated normal group (given normal diet and subcutaneous infusion of Apelin-13 20μg/kg daily) , n=10 separately. The rats were sacrificed at six weeks and the serum levels of Ca, P, urea nitrogen and creatinine were analyzed using an autoanalyzer. ELISA was used to evaluate the plasma level of Apelin. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of APJ and Pit-1 in aorta. Immunohistochemistry was used to visualize the distribution of Runx2 and osteoprotegerin in aorta. Von Kossa staining was performed to evaluate aortic calcification. Results At week 6, compared with Control group, serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations increased significantly（P<0.01）, serum Ca decreased, serum P increased（P<0.01）, with decrease of serum Apelin （P<0.01）and mRNA expression of APJ in aorta（P<0.05）, increased expression of Runx2, osteoprotegerin , obvious calcification and increased mRNA expression of Pit-1 in aorta in Model group（P<0.05）. Compared with Model group, Apelin-treated group improved hyperphosphatemia（P<0.05）, normalized the plasma level of Apelin and APJ mRNA expression（P<0.05）, attenuated the expression of Runx2, osteoprotegerin, calcification lesion and Pit-1 mRNA expression（P<0.05）. Conclusion Apelin/APJ is able to ameliorate vascular calcification of CKD rats.

Hyperplasia suppressor gene inhibits proliferation of airway fibroblasts by regulating Wnt/PCP signaling pathway in COPD rats

2019, 39(10):  1393-1396. 

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Objective To research the relationship between HSG and Wnt/PCP signal transduction pathway in airway remodeling in COPD，to elaborate HSG gene regulation mechanism of airway remodeling. Methods rats were divided into COPD model group and normal control group, Take small airway do fibroblasts primary cell culture, the third generation of cell lines for experiments. Used HE staining to identify COPD model, ELISA were used to detect the expression of MMP-9, PDGF and TGF-β1 in the small airways; real-time PCR were used to detect the mRNA expression of the HSG, PDGF, TGF-β1, Used Western blot to detect the expression of the HSG, RhoA protein in fibroblast; RhoA protein in fibroblast. Results model group airway fibroblasts supernatant PDGF, TGF-β1 and MMP-9 were higher normal control group(P<0.01); model group airway fibroblasts HSG protein and mRNA were lower normal control group(P<0.01); but RhoA protein and the expression of PDGF, TGF-β1, RhoA gene mRNA were higher normal control group(P<0.01); The expression of HSG was negatively correlated with that of MMP-9, PDGF, TGF-β1 and RhoA(P<0.01). Conclusions The HSG gene may regulate Wnt / PCP signaling pathway，whcih resultes in inhibiting the fibroblasts proliferation.

Identification of differentially expressed genes in renal clear cell carcinoma by integrated bioinformatical analysis

2019, 39(10):  1397-1403. 

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Objective To screen the potential key candidate genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) by bioinformatical analysis and to confirm its expression level between ccRCC tissue and normal renal tissue. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, functional and pathway enrichment analysis were performed and DEGs-associated protein–protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed. Real-Time PCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemistry analysis were used to detect the expression level of one of the DEGs in ccRCC tissue and normal renal tissue. The results were validated from transcription level and survival analysis by TCGA database. Results GATA3 was screened by bioinformatical analysis. The results showed that GATA3 was downregulated in ccRCC tissue samples(P<0.01). The TCGA database data showed that the expression level of GATA3 in ccRCC samples was significantly lower than the normal samples(P<0.01) and the survival outcome of low expression GATA3 patients is significantly lower than the high expression patients(P<0.05). Conclusion Bioinformatical analysis could improve our understanding of the cause and underlying molecular events, the candidate gene GATA3 could be used for new therapeutic targets and diagnostic targets of ccRCC.

miR-124 targets magnesium transporter 1 to regulate the function exhaustion of activated human T cells

2019, 39(10):  1404-1409. 

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Objective To investigate the regulation of miR-124 targeting magnesium transporter 1 on activated function exhaustion of activated T cell. Methods 1) Isolated monocytes from peripheral blood，then treated with IFN-γ, IL-2, anti-CD3 antibody , anti-CD28 antibody and IL-1α to activate T cell. The proportion of CD25 and CD69 subgroups was detected by Flow cytometry. 2) miR -124 / miR-124 sponge lentiviral vector was constructed. After lentivirus infected activated T cell, the expression of miR-124 and MagT1 gene in T cells was detected by RT-qPCR. 3) The targeted sites of miR-124 and MagT1 were analyzed by bioinformatics, and identified by dual luciferase reporter gene system.4) The expression of MagT1 protein and PD-1 protein were detected by Western blot. 5) The proliferation and secretion of TNF-αand TGF-β was detected by CCK8 and ELISA.Results Flow cytometry showed that T cells were activated.RT-qPCR indicated that the construction of lentivirus was successful, and miR-124/miR-124 sponge respectively up-regulated or down-regulated the expression of miR-124 (P<0.01).The dual luciferase reporter system confirmed that miR-124 targeted MagT1 3’UTR and inhibited its expression.Western blot showed that the MagT1 protein level in the miR-124 over-expression group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the pd-1 protein level was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After the inhibition of miR-124, the MagT1 protein level was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the pd-1 protein level was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Over-expression of miR-124 significantly decreased the proliferation and secretion of TNF-α of T cells, while inhibiting of miR-124 expression significantly increased the proliferation and secretion of TGF-βof T cells (P<0.01).Conclusion It was confirmed that miR-124 could negatively regulate the expression of the targeted gene MagT1 and play an important regulatory role in the function exhaustion of activated T cells.

Targeting GRP78 enhances inhibition of murine monoclonal antibody against TfR on proliferation of glioma cells

2019, 39(10):  1410-1416. 

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Objective To investigate whether the anti-TfR antibody would lead to increased ER stress, and if anti-TfR antibody may inhibite proliferation of glioma cell by targeting GRP78. Methods Western blot analysis was done to detecte the expression of GRP78 and CHOP after cells were treated with anti-TfR mAb. FCM was done to detecte the proliferation and apoptosis of cells after transfection with siRNA and treated with anti-TfR mAb. Results Compared with the control groups, the anti-TfR antibody elevated expression GRP78 and CHOP. After glioma cells transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against GRP78 showed lower proliferation and higher apoptosis rate when incubated with anti-TfR antibody. Conclusion Anti-TfR antibody has triggered the ER stress response, and that this effect is achieved via the siRNA against GRP78 for glioma cell proliferation and survival.

SV40T promotes the transformation of Schwann cells into mesenchymal stem cells through reprogramming

2019, 39(10):  1417-1422. 

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Objective Schwann cells (SCs) play a key role in the repair of peripheral nerve injury. The aim of this study is to establish an immortalized Schwann cell line of the mouse sciatic nerve through SV40T. Methods SCs of the mouse sciatic nerve was transfected with MPH 86 plasmids, then hygromycin was used to screen cells and subcultured. The SCs that were transfected by SV40 T was were as SV40T-SCs. WST-1 was used to measure cell proliferation. The expression of SV40 T and other nerve marker genes were analyzed by qPCR. Immunohistochemical staining of SV40T-SCs was performed. Finally, SV40T-SCs was further induced to differentiate in vitro. Results The morphology of SV40T-SCs was diverse and the cells grew faster, and had the ability of perpetual passage, which were different from primary SCs significantly. SV40T-SCs expressed highly Nestin, Pax3 and Slug. Immunohistochemical staining showed that CD44, CD73 and CD105 were positive. In addition, SV40T-SCs can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes in vitro. Conclusions SV40T may induce the reprogramming of SCs in sciatic nerve of mice and SCs are transformed into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Silencing VCAM-1-1 gene reduces oxidative damage and apoptosis of HUVECs induced by ox-LDL

2019, 39(10):  1423-1426. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on oxidative low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis of human venous endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods HUVECs cultured in vitro were randomly divided into control group, ox-LDL group, siRNA-NC group, and siRNA-VCAM-1 group. After HUVECs were transfected with siRNA-NC or siRNA-VCAM-1 by Lipofectamine 2000, 100μg/mL ox-LDL was added for 24h. Western Blot was used to detect the level of VCAM-1 protein; The viability of lung cancer cells was measured by thiazolium (MTT) assay; The cell apoptosis rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the kit was used to detect malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Results The results showed that VCAM-1 expression was up-regulated in ox-LDL-induced HUVECs（P<0.05）; siRNA-VCAM-1 significantly decreased VCAM-1 protein levels in ox-LDL-induced HUVECs（P<0.05）; Down-regulation of VCAM-1 could increase cell viability（P<0.05）, decreased apoptotic rate, ROS and MDA levels（P<0.05）, increased SOD levels（P<0.05）. Conclusions Down-regulation of VCAM-1 can increase the activity of HUVECs, reduce apoptosis, and inhibit oxidative stress.

hIGF-1 promotes proliferation and adhesion of chondrocytes on the acellular cartilaginous matrix

2019, 39(10):  1427-1431. 

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Objective To research the feasibility of acelluar cartilaginous matrix as a natural material and the effect of human insulin-like growth factor 1 on the proliferation and adhesiveness of chondrocytes on the acelluar cartilaginous matrix. Methods The chondrocytes were extracted from rabbit’s ears cartilage.The third passage chondrocytes were identified with toluidine blue staining and collagen II immunofluorescence staining.The cartilage of rabbit’s knee joint was taken for decellularization.And the acelluar cartilaginous matrix was stained with hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining.It was observed with scanning electron microscopy and detect the porosity.Then using CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit) to detect the acelluar cartilaginous matrix extracts’ toxicity of 25%, 50%, 100% concentration. Inoculating chondrocytes into the acelluar cartilaginous matrix. In the experimental group, DMEM medium containing 57.14 μg/L human insulin-like growth factor 1 was added.After 7 days,observing chondrocytes with scanning electron microscopy. Results 1) The acelluar cartilaginous matrix was loose and porous.The pore size was (3.48±1.39) μm and the porosity was (90.13±2.52)% under the electron microscope. 2) The experimental group showed that the chondrocytes were growing quickly and they were entered the material and connected with each other.They occupied most of the cavity.The chondrocytes in control group was growing slower than the experimental group.And a large amount of cells clustered on the surface of the material,only a small amount of cells entered the cavity. Conclusions The acelluar cartilaginous matrix is a reliable natural material for repairing after articular cartilage injury. Moreover, human insulin-like growth factor 1 can increase the proliferation and adhesiveness of chondrocytes on the acelluar cartilaginous matrix.

Role of SRPX2/uPAR in controlling human monocytes THP-1 originated macrophage migration and M2 polarization

2019, 39(10):  1432-1436. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of SRPX2 protein on migration and polarization of human monocytes THP-1 derived macrophages. Methods PMA was used to induce macrophages derived from human THP-1 cells. Transwell , immunoflurescence and Western blot were used to determine the cell immigration, signal protein level and location of SRPX2 and uPAR respectively. After SRPX2 was added. IFN-γand LPS was used to induce M1 polarization cells, RT-PCR was used to measure M1/M2 markers. Results The migration of THP-1 derived macrophages were significantly increased by SRPX2 (p<0.01) and antagonized by uPAR neutralization antibody (p<0.01). SRPX2 markedly promoted the expression of CD206/IL-6, while decreased the expression of CD40/IL-6 (both p<0.01). The colocalization of SRPX2/uPAR/CD11b was confirmed. The phosphorylation of FAK and Akt was activated by SRPX2. Conclusions SRPX2 may promote the migration and M2 polarization of human monocytes THP-1 originated macrophage via uPAR/CD11b/FAK/Akt pathway.

Effect of DKK3 on migration and invasion of colorectal cancer HCT116 cell line

2019, 39(10):  1437-1443. 

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Objective To analyze the expression of DKK3 in colorectal cancer tissues and its effect on the prognosis of patients. To explore the effect of DKK3 on proliferation, migration and invasion ability of colorectal cancer cells, and indicate the mechanism. Methods The expression of DKK3 in colorectal cancer tissues and its effect on the prognosis of patients were analyzed by online database. The expression of DKK3 was down-regulated using shRNA. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. In addition, transwell assay was performed to determine cell migration and invasion. Meanwhile, the expression levels of MMP2, MMP7, MMP9 were detected by RT-qPCR assays and western blot assays. Results The expression of DKK3 in colorectal cancer tissue was higher than that in normal colorectal tissue, and negatively correlated with patient prognosis (P<0.05). Cell proliferation was reduced in DKK3 knocked down group (P<0.05). Compared with negative group, the ability of migration and invasion was weaker (P<0.01). The expression of MMP2, MMP7 and MMP9 were positively correlated with the expression of DKK3 (P<0.001). In addition, the expression levels of MMP2, MMP7, MMP9 and p-ERK were decreased significantly in DKK3 down-regulation group (P<0.01). Conclusions DKK3 is up-regulated in colorectal cancer and negatively correlated with patient prognosis, and it may promote the proliferation and migration of cells through MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

Enhanced IL-8 expression in epithelial mesenchymal transformation of gastric cancer tissue

2019, 39(10):  1444-1448. 

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Objective To investigate the regulatory mechanism and significance of chemokine IL-8 in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to gastric cancer. Methods Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and other techniques were used to detect the expression levels of IL-8 and EMT-related genes (E-cadherin, vimentin, twist, etc.) in gastric cancer tissues and plasma. To study the correlation between IL-8 and EMT in gastric cancer cells with MGC-803. Results The expression level of IL-8 in tumor tissues (710.53±89.92) was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (510.52±85.45), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Compared to normal tissue，the expression rates of IL-8, Twist and vimentin in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in normal gastric mucosa tissues（P<0.05）, while the expression rates of E-cadherin in gastric cancer tissues were lower than those in normal tissues（P<0.05).The secretion of IL-8 was positively correlated with Twist protein (P < 0.001), vimentin protein (r=0.454, P< 0.001), and negatively correlated with E-cadherin protein (P< 0.001). Conclusion The expression of chemokine IL-8 is increased in gastric cancer tissues, and its expression level is correlated with the expression of EMT-related proteins, which indicates that IL-8 is related to the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, the expression of IL-8 may also be used as one of the criteria in the prognosis of patients, for the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.

Knockout of PAPD4 gene affects locomotion ability of mouse

2019, 39(10):  1449-1454. 

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Objective Learning the influence of PAPD4 gene deletion on mouse behaviors and physiologies. Methods Mice were divided into four groups by sex and genotype: male control, male knockout, female control and female knockout. Open field test, Morris water maze, blood glucose test, blood pressure test, T maze, sucrose preference test and forced swimming test. Results In open field test, the locomotion velocity (p<0.05) and the total distance (p<0.001) of female KO mouse were significantly slower than female controls. In Morris water maze test, the locomotion velocity of KO mouse was lower than normal controls. Specifically, the velocity of female KO mouse was significantly slower than female controls in the sixth and ninth trial (p6<0.05, p9<0.05), and the velocity of male KO mouse was also significantly slower than male controls in the fourth and ninth trial (p4<0.01, p9<0.05). Otherwise, the blood glucose of male KO mouse was significantly lower than male normal controls at ad libitum state(p<0.05); but after 16 hours food deprivation, the blood glucose of male KO mouse was significantly higher than male controls(p<0.05), and analyzing the blood glucose change of before-after feeding, we found the change of male KO mouse was significantly lower than male controls(p<0.01). Conclusion Deleting of PAPD4 gene affects locomotion ability of mouse, and this gene may participate in regulation of blood glucose level in male mouse.

Growth hormone provocation tests and the response to growth hormone in short stature

2019, 39(10):  1455-1459. 

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Objective To analyze the results of growth hormone provocation tests and its relationship with the response to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in short stature. Methods Thirty-six growth hormone deficiency (GHD) patients and 24 idiopathic short stature patients who completed levodopa and insulin GH provocation test were analyzed retrospectively. The height during rhGH treatment was collected and correlation analysis was conducted. Results In the GHD group, there was a positive correlation between the peaks and area under curve (AUC) of the two GH provocation tests and height SDS (P < 0.001). After adjusting for gender, age, bone age and weight SDS, the positive correlation between the peak and AUC of L-DOPA provocation test and height SDS still existed (r 0.471 and 0.427, respectively, P < 0.05). But such correlation was not found in the ISS group. The height SDS and GV of both groups increased significantly after rhGH treatment, and height SDS of GHD was significantly higher than that of ISS at the second year of treatment. However, GV in the second year of treatment decreased compared with that in the first year of treatment. Correlation analysis showed that GV in the first year of treatment in GHD group was negatively correlated with the peak value and AUC of GH provocation tests, while this was not found in ISS group. Conclusions rhGH can significantly improve the height of patients with GHD and ISS, but the GV decreased as the time of treatment increased. GH provocation tests can predict the therapeutic effect of rhGH in GHD children, but those cannot predict the therapeutic effect of rhGH in ISS children.

ZCCHC12 overexpression promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of thyroid cancer cell

2019, 39(10):  1460-1466. 

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Objective To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of zinc finger CCHC-type containing 12 (ZCCHC12) in regulating thyroid cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods The protein expression of ZCCHC12 in cancer tissues and non-tumor normal tissue in 30 thyroid cancer patients, and expression of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, BMP-2, p-smad1, smad 1, ID3 in thyroid cancer cells were measured by western blot. ZCCHC12 overexpression vector (pcDNA3.1-ZCCHC12) or inhibition vector (ZCCHC12 siRNA) was transfected into thyroid cancer cell line CGTH W-3 or FTC-133, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT method. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results The protein expression of ZCCHC12 was significantly increased in thyroid cancer tissue compared with non-tumor normal tissue (P<0.05). ZCCHC12 overexpression significantly elevated cell proliferation, decreased cell apoptosis, inhibited expression of apoptosis-related protein cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9, and increased protein expression of BMP-2, p- smad 1 and ID3 in CGTH W-3 and FTC-133 (P<0.05). The effect of ZCCHC12 inhibition vector was opposite from over-expression vector. Conclusions ZCCHC12 elevates the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of CGTH W-3 and FTC-133 cells through regulating BMPs/smad pathway.

miR-488-3p promotes invasion and proliferation of breast cancer cell line MCF7 through inhibiting BRCA2 expression

2019, 39(10):  1467-1473. 

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Objective To explore the correlation between the expression of miR-488-3p and the clinical features of breast cancer patients, and to promote breast cancer cell invasion, proliferation, migration and cell cycle aggregation in S phase by inhibiting BRCA2. Methods The expression of mir-488-3p in breast cancer tissue samples was detected by RT-qPCR. BRCA2 was tested as a potential target gene for miR-488-3p. The effect of RT-qPCR on mRNA expression of BRCA2 in breast cancer tissues; The protein expression level of BRCA2 in breast cancer tumor tissues was detected by Western blot. OD value of each transfection group was detected by CCK8 assay experiment. The cell ratio of each transfection group at S phase was determined by flow cytometry. Tranwell migration were used to detect the invasion, proliferation, migration and aggregation of MCF7 in breast cancer cell line. A xenograft model of breast cancer xenograft in nude mice was established to detect tumor volume and weight in nude mice. The expression of miR-488-3p in tumor tissues of nude mice transfected with miR-488-3p mimics was detected. Results miR-488-3p was highly expressed in breast cancer tumor tissues. miR -488-3p was also highly expressed in distal metastatic tumor tissues. miR-488-3p was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM staging expression（P<0.05）. MRNA translation and protein expression of BRCA2 were inhibited by miR-488-3p. BRCA2 had an inhibitory effect on breast cancer; miR-488-3p can promote the invasion, proliferation, migration and aggregation of MCF7 in breast cancer cells in S phase, and these promoting effects can be inhibited by BRCA2. In nude mice, miR-488-3p promoted the proliferation of MCF7 cells. Conclusion In this study, miR-488-3p inhibiting BRCA2 and promoting breast cancer proliferation may be a new target for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Comparison of different methods of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for acute severe pancreatitis in rats

2019, 39(10):  1474-1482. 

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Objective To explore the efficient transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bMSCs) in the treatment of acute severe pancreatitis (SAP) in rats. Methods Rats were randomly divided into control group and acute severe pancreatitis group (by reverse injection of 5% sodium thiocholate in the pancreatic duct). Six hours after the SAP model was successfully produced, it was divided into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell tail vein transplantation group, intraperitoneal injection transplantation group and tail vein-peritoneal injection combined transplantation group, with 18 rats in each group. Six rats were sacrificed at 24, 48 and 72 h after transplantation, pancreatic tissue and serum were collected, and serum anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 were measured using Elisa kit. After HE staining, the pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and the intestinal mucosa and alveolar tissue of rats in each group were observed under light microscope. The distribution of DAPI-labeled bMSCs in pancreatic tissue was observed under frozen microscope. Results There were a lot of hemorrhage, edema, inflammatory reaction and necrosis in SAP group. Compared with the control group, hemorrhage, edema, inflammatory reaction and necrosis of pancreatic tissue were significantly decreased in different ways of bMSCs transplantation group(P <0.05), IL-1β, TNF. -α and IL-6 levels were significantly decreased, IL-10 levels were significantly increased (P <0.05);Compared with tail vein transplantation group and intraperitoneal injection transplantation group, hemorrhage, edema, inflammatory response and necrosis were further reduced in the vein + intraperitoneal combined transplantation group (P <0.05), IL -1β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were further decreased (P <0.05), IL-10 levels were further increased (P <0.05); DAPI-labeled bMSCs were distributed in the pancreatic tissue of the transplanted group, and More fluorescence distribution was observed in the vein + intraperitoneal transplantation group. After 72 hours, the integrity of intestinal mucosa and alveolar tissue in the transplanted group were significantly improved(compared with the SAP group). The neutrophil infiltration and hemorrhage were significantly reduced compared with the SAP group, Compared with intraperitoneal transplantation and simple tail vein transplantation, the combined transplantation group was further improved. Conclusions bMSCs can significantly inhibit inflammatory response and reduce SAP related pancreatic injury, lung injury and small intestinal mucosa injury through tail vein + intraperitoneal transplantation in SD rats of SAP model, and the effect is significantly better than simple tail vein transplantation or intraperitoneal injection.

Clinical features and prognosis analysis of multiple myeloma cast nephropathy and amyloidosis

2019, 39(10):  1483-1487. 

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Objective To compare clinical features of multiple myeloma cast nephropathy（MM-MCN）and myeloma amyloidosis (MM-AL) and to evaluate the prognosis of MM-MCN. Methods The clinical characteristics of patients biopsy-proved MM-MCN and MM-AL over 5 years at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were collected. The hematologic and renal responses of MM-MCN patients after chemotherapy were also reviewed. Results The duration of renal involvement was shorter in MM-MCN（n=10）than that in MM-AL （n=13）(p＜0.05). The nephrotic syndrome of MM-MCN was less frequent than that of MM-AL (p＜0.05). The hemoglobin levels were lower in MM-MCN than those in MM-AL (p＜0.001) while the serum creatinine levels were higher in the former than those in the latter (p＜0.001).The percentage of bone marrow plama cell and 24 h urine light chain level in MM-MCN group were higher than those in MM-AL group（both p＜0.05）.Ten MM-MCN patients all manifested acute renal injury at the time of biopsy and showed rather high hematologic and renal response rates after treatment regimen based on bortezomib or thalidomide (62.5% and 75.0% respectively). Conclusions MM patients featured nephrotic syndrome, mild to moderate renal dysfunction, longer duration of renal damage, lower urine light chain levels or less percentage of bone marrow plama cell are prone to have amyloidosis,and the renal biopsy is indicated.The MM-MCN patients with deteriorated renal function would benefit from chemotherapy based on bortezomib or thalidomide.

Extra-gonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor presenting as pericardial tamponade：a case report

2019, 39(10):  1488-1490. 

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The clinical data of a case with extragonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor with pericardial tamponade as initial presentation was reported. Chest pain, hemoptysis and syncope were the main clinical feature of the patient. Imaging revealed a large pericardial effusion with underlying mass invading the pericardium. Pathology after surgery indicated nonseminomatous germ cell tumor.

Adrenocortical adenoma combined with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case report

2019, 39(10):  1491-1493. 

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There are kinds of etiology of hirsutism in women, including polycystic ovarian syndrome and excessive androgen secreting from adrenal gland. We report a case which was diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome and left adrenal adenoma mass. We resected the mass under laparoscope and the pathology result showed an adrenocortical adenoma. And the level of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate became normal after the operation. We summarize the characteristics of this case and search some literatures in order to understand this disease more deeply.

Research progress of obeticholic acid

2019, 39(10):  1494-1498. 

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Obeticholic acid is a novel selective FXR agonist that plays an important role in regulating bile acid metabolism, as well as glucose and lipid metabolism. It is a new drug candidate for primary biliary cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A series of studies have shown that obeticholic acid can alleviate the disease by inhibiting the progression of fibrosis and inhibiting the inflammatory process.

Research advance on osteo/odontogenic differentiation regulation methods of dental pulp stem cells

Shi-Xiang MENG

2019, 39(10):  1499-1502. 

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Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are mesenchymal stem cells that present in dental pulp cavity, with high self-renewal ability and multi-lineage differentiation potential, showing good prospects to use in regenerative medicine. However, current research on mechanisms and measures of inducing differentiation of dental pulp stem cells is insufficient. Advance of research on osteo/odontogenic differentiation regulation methods of dental pulp stem cells in recent years is reviewed and compared in this article.

Analysis of stress status of medical postgraduates in China

Lin HOU JI Chao Zhen ZHANG

2019, 39(10):  1503-1507. 

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Objective To explore the current stress status of medical graduate students and the distribution of stress sources. Secondly, the differences of stressors in gender, grade, only child and marital status variables among medical graduate students were investigated. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among medical graduate students from 13 provinces (including municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China by using the Graduate stressors scale. Results It was found that 57.6% of 1,216 medical graduate students thought they were stressed and it was regular. The top three sources of stress were education, employment and the economy.In terms of gender, male medical graduate students were more stressed than women in interpersonal communication (p<0.01), economy (p<0.01) and marriage and being in love (p<0.001). In terms of grade, the overall pressure of doctoral students was higher than that of master's degree and eight-year graduate students (p<0.001). The pressure of only-child medical graduate students in interpersonal communication (p<0.05) and marriage and being in love (p<0.01) was higher than that of non-only children. Compared with married medical graduate students, unmarried medical graduate students were under greater financial pressure (p<0.05). Conclusions At present, medical graduate students are under pressure from many aspects. the research results provide a scientific basis for the training and health education of medical graduate students, and provide a new reference for improving the training model of national medical graduate students.

Application of virtural simulation experiment in experimental teaching of medical cell biology

2019, 39(10):  1508-1511. 

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Virtual simulation experiment is the inevitable trend of medical education development in the today，based on the actual application of medical cell biology experimental teaching，the introduction of virtual simulation experiment to the experimental teaching of medical cell biology. Making full use of information technology, organically combined the virtual simulation experiment with the entity experiment. And the specialized teaching of medical cell biology experiment based on virtual simulation experiment，combined with professional curriculum design and targeted teaching methods，make medical students from various majors to quickly understand basic knowledge and the latest progress of medical cell biology．virtual simulation experiment is an effective way of training the competitive talents and improving experimental teaching quality．

Application of standardized curriculum in the training of endocrinology

2019, 39(10):  1512-1514. 

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Objective The improvement of diagnosis and treatment of endocrine metabolic diseases depends on the improvement of the knowledge, theory and technology of endocrine metabolic specialists. In order to meet the demands of specialist training, it is urgent to establish standardized training courses. Methods Based on clinical needs, this study set up a training course for endocrinologists, recorded and edited them into a video courseware, which were released on the teaching platform of our hospital. The courseware learning results were statistically analyzed. Results There were 3 types of courses, 25 courseware in the standardized clinical teaching course of endocrinology, including the disease diagnosis and treatment standards (17 courseware), the disease diagnosis and treatment update (7 courseware), and the application of basic research technology in clinical practice (1 courseware). Students’ demand for courseware was assessed by the number of clicks on learning after video went live. The results showed that the number of clicks of a singled courseware was 29~264. There were 9 courseware with more than 100 clicks, all of them were in the category of disease diagnosis and treatment standard. There were 13 courseware with 50~99 clicks, 8 in the category of disease diagnosis and treatment standard, and 5 in the category of disease diagnosis and treatment update. There were 3 course were with less than 50 clicks, and 2 in the disease diagnosis and treatment update category, 1 in the application of basic research technology in clinical practice. No “dissatisfaction” with the course evaluation results was found. Conclusion The establishment of standardized training courses for clinical specialty of endocrinology should focus on meeting the demands of clinical practice, and establish standardized courses for the diagnosis and treatment of the common diseases and frequently- occurring diseases of endocrinology and metabolism.

Construction and thinking of case-based teaching model used on clinical trial MOOCs of Peking Union Medical College Hospital

2019, 39(10):  1515-1518. 

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Based on the comprehensive analysis of characteristics of clinical trial MOOCs of high level, the article interpreted the importance of case-based teaching for scientific research education. Then we thought and planed accordingly for the construction of MOOCs of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) to improve the brand building of PUMCH, strengthen exchanges among medical education institutions of international high level and response to the strong demand of online-learning from clinician.

Application and prospects of medical informatics in clinical education

2019, 39(10):  1519-1521. 

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The booming development of medical informatics has witnessed the huge progress in clinical education in recent years. At the same time, clinical education is also faced with a lot of challenges. In this article, we’d analyze the current situation of medical education in China, as well as the present application of medical informatics. Then we will take the electrical medical record system for instance to draw a prospect of the application of medical informatics in clinical education in the future.

How to improve communication practice to cope with reformed physician-patient relationships in new media era

Xiao-Xing GAO

2019, 39(10):  1522-1524. 

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Improving communication skills is an important approach to deal with complicated physician-patient relationships in China. For the fast development of new media, the recent years saw a profound reform of physician-patient communication in pattern and content. Traditional interview-based communication model can hardly satisfy the needs of reforming communication. A summarized analysis of how communication practice can cope with reformed physician-patient relationships is warranted for healthcare professionals.