Table of Content

05 December 2024, Volume 44 Issue 12

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Original Articles

MYC inhibits migration of lung cancer cell lines by down-regulating AKR1C1 expression

JIA Kun, ZHOU Yanyan

2024, 44(12):  1621-1627.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1621

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Objective To explore the role of MYC in lung cancer cell migration and reveal the mechanism affecting migration. Methods siRNA MYC or pRK5-MYC plasmid was transfected into lung cancer cells A549. Cell migration was examined by wound healing assay. The mRNA expression of candidate genes AKR1C1 and AKR1C3 was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Dual luciferase reporting assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) verified the transcriptional regulation of target genes by MYC. A549 cells were transfected with MYC and AKR1C1 siRNA or pRK5-MYC and pRK5-AKR1C1 at the same time. Wound healing assay and Transwell were used to examine cell migration and cell invasion respectively. Results Knockdown MYC in A549 cells promoted cell migration, and over-expression of MYC inhibited cell migration. The level of protein and mRNA of AKR1C1 was significantly increased(P＜0.01) after knockdown MYC. The ChIP assay showed that MYC binded to the response element (RE) of AKR1C1. Compared with control plasmids, MYC induced the expression of luciferase in RE-containing plasmids. Decreased expression of AKR1C1 inhibited the invasion and migration of lung cancer cells(P＜0.05). AKR1C1 reduced cell invasion and migration caused by MYC loss(P＜0.05). Conclusions MYC might inhibit cancer cell migration by inhibiting AKR1C1 expression.

Effects of sleep duration and body mass index on hypertension

WEN Haixiu, GAO Shuhong, LI Shufeng

2024, 44(12):  1628-1632.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1628

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Objective To explore the effect of sleep duration and body mass index (BMI) on hypertension. Methods The data was collected from the database of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and the data of the 2015 National Longitudinal Study were selected. A total of 8, 889 subjects were included in this study. Questionnaires, health status, physical examination and laboratory information were collected. The interactive effect of sleep duration and BMI on hypertension was analyzed by multiplicative model and additive model. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 28.86%. Logistic regression results showed that night sleep duration ＜6 h (OR=1.138, 95% CI: 1.024-1.265) and ＞8 h (OR=1.136 5, 95% CI: 1.167-1.598); overweight (OR=1.736, 95% CI: 1.557-1.936) and obesity (OR=2.076, 95% CI: 1.973-2.710) were all risk factors for hypertension (P＜0.05). Stratified results showed that the risk of hypertension in the normal group was 1.193(95% CI: 1.023-1.393) times and 1.555(95% CI: 1.244-1.943) times of those with sleep duration 6-8 h, respectively. The risk of hypertension was 1.392(95% CI: 1.066-1.818) times higher than that of sleep duration 6-8 h. The interaction showed that night sleep duration and BMI had a multiplicative interaction (OR=2.120, 95% CI: 1.767-2.543) and a additive interaction on hypertension [RERI=1.242(95% CI: 0.326-2.157), SI=3.697 (95% CI: 2.658-5.143), AP=0.460 (95% CI: 0.324-0.595)]. Conclusions Insufficient and excessive sleep duration at night and BMI both increase the risk of hypertension, and have a multiplicative and additive interaction. Reasonable adjustment of nighttime sleep duration and BMI may prevent the occurrence of hypertension.

Differential expression and clinical significance of miR-124-3p in β-thalassemia

CAO Luoyuan, DONG Wenxu, YANG Jing, GUO Liwen, LU Jiaojiao, ZHENG Xian, FU Xianguo

2024, 44(12):  1633-1637.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1633

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Objective To investigate the differential expression of miR-124-3p in peripheral blood and clinical significance of patients with β-thalassemia. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 33 patients with β-thalassemia and 30 healthy controls in Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University from June 2021 to August 2022. The expression level of miR-124-3p was detected. Luciferase reporter gene was used to verify the interaction between miR-124-3p and ERF 3'UTR. The correlation between differential expression of miR-124-3p and β-thalassemia was analyzed and the clinical diagnostic value of miR-124-3p for β-thalassemia was evaluated. Results Compared with healthy control individuals, the expression of miR-124-3p was significantly up-regulated in patients with β-thalassemia (P＜0.001). The genotype of miR-124-3p high expression group was 84.2% β0 (16/19),the genotype of low expression group was 55.6% β+ (10/18). ROC curve analysis showed that miR-124-3p had predictive efficacy for β-thalassemia (AUC:0.842). Luciferase reporter gene analysis showed that ERF gene was the regulatory target of miR-124-3p. Conclusions The differential expression of miR-124-3p in patients with β-thalassemia is closely related to the genotype and clinical severity of thalassemia, and ERF is negatively regulated by miR-124-3p. miR-124-3p may be an effective diagnostic biomarker for β-thalassemia.

Down-regulation of ATM/hnRNPK signaling reduces adriamycin resistance of myeloid leukemia

ZHANG Jinfang, ZHONG Mingyan, YANG Quan, FENG Bei, LI Xingdong

2024, 44(12):  1638-1643.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1638

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Objective To explore the role of ATM/hnRNPK signaling in the adriamycin resistance of acute myeloid leukemia. Methods Expression of ATM was examined in the adriamycin resistant and sensitive leukemia cell strains with Western blot. ATM expression was down-regulated by RNAi and ATM inhibitor in the adriamycin resistant cell strains. Expression level of hnRNPK and LC3Ⅰ/Ⅱ was detected by Western blot and adriamycin sensitivity was measured by CCK8 assay before and after modulation of ATM expression. Results ATM was overexpressed in adriamycin resistant leukemia cell strains. The decreased expression of ATM restored the sensitivity to adriamycin. Expression level of LC3Ⅱ and hnRNPK was consistent with the modulation of ATM expression. Conclusions The ATM/hnRNPK signaling pathway may play a role in the occurrence of adriamycin resistance in acute myeloid leukemia by regulating autophagy.

Total cornus officinalis glycosides inhibit high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and oxidative damage of human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2

ZHANG Xiaodong, LI Wendong, CHEN Jinghe, ZHANG Yanqin

2024, 44(12):  1644-1650.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1644

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Objective To investigate the effect of cornus officinalis glycosides on apoptosis and oxidative damage of human renal tubular epithelial cells line induced by high glucose by regulating E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. Methods Human renal tubule epithelial cell line HK-2 was divided into control group (control, 5.5 mmol/L glucose), model group (HG, 30 mmol/L glucose), and total cornus officinalis glycosides groups with low, medium and high dose (L-COG, M-COG, H-COG). After Nrf2 pathway inhibitors were added, HK-2 cells were divided into H-COG group and ML385 group. CCK8 method was used to detect cell activity. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 (Bcl-2), activated caspase3 (cleaved caspase3), Nrf2/HO-1 pathway protein were detected by Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was detected by DCFH-DA, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) content and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) content were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with control group, the cell activity, Bcl-2 protein expression, GSH-Px and SOD activity in model group were significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate, Bax, Nrf2, HO-1 and cleaved caspase3 protein expression, ROS, IL-6 and TNF-α content were significantly increased (P＜0.05). Compared with model group, the cell activity, Bcl-2 protein expression, GSH-Px and SOD activity of L-COG, M-COG, and H-COG were significantly increased. Apoptosis rate, Bax, Nrf2, HO-1, cleave-caspase3 protein expression, ROS, IL-6, TNF-α content were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with H-COG, the cell activity, Bcl-2 protein expression, GSH-Px and SOD activity in ML385 group were significantly increased. The apoptosis rate, Bax and cleaved caspase3 protein expression, ROS, IL-6, TNF-α content were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Conclusions The total cornus officinis glucoside may reduce the oxidative stress and inflammatory response of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by high glucose through inhibiting Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and then reduce cell apoptosis.

Correlation between interleukin 1β-511C/T polymorphism and essential hypertension in the Yi ethnic group of Yunnan province

YANG Tong, XU Yuan, PU Xingyun, MA Yiting, YANG Jing, SHU Xin, PENG Hongyu, WU Yanrui, LONG Li

2024, 44(12):  1651-1655.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1651

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Objective To investigate the correlation between interleukin 1β gene -511C/T polymorphism of and essential hypertension in the Yi ethnic group of Yunnan province. Methods -511C/T polymorphism of interleukin 1β gene was detected by PCR-RFLP in 85 Yi patients with essential hypertension (EH group) and 106 Yi healthy people (control group) in Shuanghe Township, Jinning County, Yunnan Province. Genotype and allele frequencies were analyzed by SPSS 27.0 software, and association analysis was performed. Results The frequency distribution of CC, CT and TT genotypes at the mutation site 511 of the IL-1βgene in EH group was 18.82%, 44.71% and 36.47%, respectively, and it was 5.66%, 26.42% and 67.92% in the control group. The difference in genotype frequency between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The allele frequency of C and T in EH group was 41.18% and 58.82%, respectively, and the allele frequency of C and T in control group was 18.87% and 81.13%. The frequency difference of alleles between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Both genotype frequency and allele frequency found in males and females had statistical differences (P＜0.05). Conclusions The distribution of IL-1β gene -511C/T polymorphism is related to the incident of essential hypertension among the Yi ethnic group Yunnan Province, and is the susceptibility gene of the Yi ethnic group to essential hypertension.

Dexmedetomidine attenuates osteoporosis in rats

SUN Na, SONG Linlin, CHI Jinjin, ZHONG Lulu, WANG Zhensheng, WEI Xinyun

2024, 44(12):  1656-1662.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1656

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Objective To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on osteoporosis (OP) rats and possible mechanisms. Methods The rats were divided into sham operation group, osteoporosis model group (OP, replicating the OP rat model with bilateral ovariectomies), Dex-L, M, and H (Dex low, medium, and high dose treatments) groups and Dex-H+XAV-939 group (Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor). Micro-CT was applied to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microstructure of rat femurs. The three-point bending experiment was applied to analyze the biomechanics of the femur (maximum load, fracture deflection, elastic modulus). HE staining was applied to observe pathological changes in the femur of rats. ELISA method was applied to evaluate bone metabolism indicators such as alkaline phosphatase(ALP), typeⅠ procollagen amino-terminal peptide (PINP) and typeⅠcollagen cross-linked C-telopeptide(CTX-Ⅰ). The expression of Runx2 and Wnt3a was examined by Immunohistochemistry. Western blot was applied to detect the protein expression of Runx2 and Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway in femoral tissue. Results Compared to the Sham group, the bone volume and number of trabeculae in OP group were obviously reduced, the maximum load, fracture deflection, elastic modulus, BMD, Tb.Th, Tb.N, BV/TV, ALP, PINP, Runx2, Wnt3a, β-catenin expression decreased, CTX-Ⅰ increased (P＜0.05). Compared to the OP group, the bone trabecular structure in the Dex-L, M, and H groups was restored, the maximum load, fracture deflection, elastic modulus, BMD, Tb.Th, Tb.N, BV/TV, ALP, PINP, Runx2, Wnt3a, β-catenin expression all increased but CTX-Ⅰ decreased (P＜0.05). Compared to the Dex-H group, the bone trabecular injury in the Dex-H+XAV-939 group showed a more severe damage. The maximum load, fracture deflection, elastic modulus, BMD, Tb.Th, Tb.N, BV/TV, ALP, PINP, Runx2, Wnt3a, β-catenin expression decreased while CTX-Ⅰ increased (P＜0.05). Conclusions Dex may antagonize OP effects by improving bone density, biomechanical properties and microstructure. The underlying mechanism might be related to the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Berberine attenuates renal injury in rats with chronic renal failure

XIE Dandan, LI Han, WANG Baiju, WANG Na, CHEN Hanwen, LIU Lei

2024, 44(12):  1663-1669.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1663

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Objective To investigate the effect of berberine (BBR) on chronic renal failure (CRF) rats and its mechanism. Methods CRF rat model was established by removing 5/6 kidneys and all rats were randomly divided into sham group, chronic renal failure model group, berberine treatment group and uremic clearance granules (UCG) treatment group with 10 in each. Renal function indexes in each group were examined by an automated biochemistry instrument. The level of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected by ELISA. The degree of renal fibrosis was observed by PAS and Masson staining microscopy. The expression of NF-κB p65 and IL-6 were detected by immunohistochemistry method. Expression of fibrosis-related proteins and TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway proteins in renal tissues was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with sham group, renal function and renal histopathological damage was significantly increased in the model group, and BBR improved renal function and histopathological damage in CRF rats. Compared with the sham group, the serum level of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was significantly decreased (P＜0.05), the expression of IL-6 and NF-κB p65 was up-regulated (P＜0.05). The expression of FN, α-SMA, Col-Ⅰ, Col-Ⅲ, TGF-β1, and p-ERK1/2 proteins was up-regulated in the model group of rats(P＜0.05), while the BBR treatment significantly reversed the expression of these molecules (P＜0.05). Conclusions BBR may improve inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/ERK1/2 pathway, and play a protective role in the kidney of CRF rat.

Inhibition of miR-34a reduces inflammatory response in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

DU Jingyu, YING Zhanzhuan, HOU Bin, DUO Jie, ZHAO Zhen

2024, 44(12):  1670-1677.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1670

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Objective To observe the expression levels and related mechanisms of miR-34a and its inflammatory-related factors in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods Totally 20 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD were recruited as the study group and 20 patients in stable period of COPD were recruited as control group. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected, A549 cell was cultured and AECOPD cell model was built for evaluating the effects of over-expression of miR-34a, inhibition of miR-34a, and silencing of HIF-1α in cells. ELISA assay was applied to detect the expression of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, TNF-αand TGF-β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and cell supernatant. The expression of miR-34a and HIF-1 αwere measured by RT-qPCR, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α. Results Compared with the control group, the expression of inflammatory factors, miR-34a, and HIF-1α in the AECOPD group were significantly elevated (P＜0.05). Over-expression of miR-34a led to further elevation of HIF-1α and inflammatory factor expression (P＜0.05). Inhibition of miR-34a resulted in a significant decrease of HIF-1α and inflammatory factors (P＜0.05). The expression of HIF-1α in the AECOPD group was significantly elevated (P＜0.05), and silencing HIF-1α significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory factors(P＜0.05). The expression of miR-34a had no significant change. Conclusions miR-34a is involved in the inflammatory damage in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD by regulating HIF-1α. Interfering with the miR-34a/HIF-1α pathway alleviates inflammatory response, so it is a potential target in the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD.

circNHSL1 inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of human breast cancer cell line through regulating miR-125b-5p/HMGB3 axis

LI Huan, XIE Xianxin

2024, 44(12):  1678-1684.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1678

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Objective To investigate the regulation of miR-125b-5p/HMGB3 axis by circNHSL1 on the biological behavior of breast cancer cells. Methods The breast cancer cells T47D were divided into si-NC group, si-circNHSL1 group, miR-NC group, and miR-125b-5p mimic group and si-circNHSL1+miR-125b-5p inhibitor group. The expression of circNHSL1 and miR-125b-5p in breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues was determined using RT-qPCR. Western blot was conducted to detect the protein expression of high mobility group protein 3 (HMGB3). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the interaction between circNHSL1 and miR-125b-5p, miR-125b-5p and HMGB3. The proliferation rate was measured by CCK-8 method; the colony formation assay was applied to detect the colony formation numbers; flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis rate; Transwell assay was used to detect the numbers of migratory and invasive cells. Results Compared with adjacent tissues, circNHSL1 and HMGB3 expression in breast cancer tissues was significantly increased (P＜0.05), while the expression of miR-125b-5p was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). miR-125b-5p directly bound to circNHSL1 and HMGB3, respectively. The circNHSL1 knockdown down regulated circNHSL1 and HMGB3 expression and upregulated miR-125b-5p expression in T47D cells (P＜0.05). After transfection with miR-125b-5p mimic, miR-125b-5p expression was up-regulated and HMGB3 expression was down-regulated (P＜0.05). Moreover, transfection of miR-125b-5p inhibitor reversed the effect of circNHSL1 silencing on the expression of miR-125b-5p and HMGB3. Low expression of circNHSL1 or high expression of miR-125b-5p increased the cell inhibition rate, colony formation and apoptosis rate of T47D and decreased the number of migratory and invasive cells (P＜0.05). Moreover, transfection of miR-125b-5p inhibitor saved the effect of circNHSL1 silencing on cell phenotypes (P＜0.05). Conclusions Interfering with circNHSL1 might promote cell apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion in breast cancer cell by up-regulating the miR-125b-5p/HMGB3 axis.

Clinical Sciences

Development of a clinical prediction model for diabetic peripheral neuropathy with type 2 diabetes mellitus

OUYANG Bilu, WANG Guoqiang, WANG Mengmeng, WANG Xiuge

2024, 44(12):  1685-1690.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1685

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Objective To analyze the risk factors of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and to construct a clinical prediction model for DPN. Methods A retrospective review covered 581 patients with type 2 diabetes treated in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2020 to November 2023; 296 patients without diabetic kidney disease were classified as NDPD group and 285 patients with diabetic kidney disease were classified as DPN group. The clinical data of patients were collected; univariate analysis was performed followed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis to identify the variables with statistically significant differences to find independent risk factors. R software was used to construct a nomogram, and plot the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and then calculated the cut-off value, and the discrimination of the model was represented by the area under curve (AUC) value. The calibration diagram of the model was drawn, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test combined with the calibration curve was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the model. Results Seven risk factors were selected as age, disease duration, smoking history, hemoglobinA1c(HbA1c), total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG), low density lipo-protein-cholesterol(LDL)and a prediction model was preliminarily established based on the above risk factors. The AUC value of the area under the ROC curve was 0.722 (95% CI: 0.673-0.771), and the cut-off value was 0.477 (0.620, 0.729) indicating that the model had certain predictive capacity and accuracy for DPN. The results of Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that χ²=10.683, P=0.220, indicating that the model fit was good. The results of the calibration chart showed that the prediction curve and the calibration curve had a good degree of coincidence, indicating that the accuracy of the model was good. Conclusions The risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus include age, course of disease, smoking history, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL. The clinical prediction model based on these factors can provide a reference for early clinical screening and early identification of DPN patients.

Effect of transpedicular screw fixation on bone metabolism and clinical efficacy in thoracolumbar fractures

DU Kunyang, LIU Tao, ZHU Zhenjun

2024, 44(12):  1691-1695.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1691

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Objective To explore the impact of transpedicular screw fixation on bone metabolism and clinical efficacy in thoracolumbar fractures. Methods Totally 77 patients with thoracolumbar fractures (T11-L2) treated at the Spinal Surgery Department of Xinxiang Central Hospital from December 2020 to June 2022 were selected as subjects. According to different surgical screw placement methods, the patients were divided into the cross-pedicle screw group (group A, n=41) and the transpedicular screw group (group B, n=36). The two groups were compared for surgical indicators (operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, hospital stay), hematological indicators[serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum bone glaprotein (BGP)], radiological indicators (anterior vertebral height ratio, correction rate of vertebral Cobb angle), and clinical efficacy indicators (Oswestry Disability Index ODI score, lumbar spine JOA score). Results The operation time of group A was longer than that of group B (P＜0.05). There was no significant differences in intra-operative blood loss, post-operative drainage volume, and hospital stay between the two groups (P＞0.05). At 3 days after surgery, the hematological indicators of both groups were higher than those of before surgery and the data of group A were higher than those of group B (P＜0.05). At 3 months after surgery, the hematological indicators of Group B were higher than those before surgery and those of group A (P＜0.05). The anterior vertebral height ratio of both groups were better than those before surgery at 3 days, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery (P＜0.05). At 1 year after surgery, the anterior vertebral height ratio and Cobb angle correction rate of group A were better than those of group B(P＜0.05). The clinical efficacy indicators of both groups were better than those before surgery at 3 days, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery (P＜0.05). At one year after surgery, the clinical efficacy indicators of group A were better than those of group B, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusions In the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures, compared with the cross-pedicle screw fixation method, the transpedicular screw fixation method has an early stimulating effect on bone metabolism indicators, speeds up healing of fractures and has more advantages in maintaining spinal correction and improving spinal function.

Establishment of a database for skin color card reflectance and spectra

MA Hongyan, WANG Hongwei

2024, 44(12):  1696-1701.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1696

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Objective To construct a database comprising the reflectance spectra, data, and corresponding color and mode parameters using 110 skin color cards from the Pantone Skin Tone Guide (PSTG). Methods The measurement of reflectance spectrum was conducted on 110 internationally recognized skin color cards from the PSTG and the dorsal hand skin of five healthy individuals. Comparative analysis of the reflectance spectra between the color cards and the normal skin was performed. The collected data, images, and parameters of five color models were summarized into a database. Results Significant absorption features were observed in the ultraviolet range of 350-400 nm. In the visible light range of 400-780 nm, the reflectance curves varied with value and chroma, but all exhibited characteristic peaks were around 590 nm. When saturation was constant, a decrease in brightness resulted in reduced reflectance, indicating that lower brightness tends towards black. When brightness was constant, changes in saturation led to increased differences in reflectance, making colors more vivid. The in vivo experiments showed consistent results with the aforementioned observations. Conclusions The reflectance spectra of the color cards are related to the composition and surface structure of the skin. This database can provide valuable data support for medical research, clinical practice, and other related fields.

Mini Reviews

The role of Piezo1 in the regulation of erythrocyte morphology and function

CHEN Baixin, LI Yue, QU Yinyin, LI Zhengqian, GUO Xiangyang

2024, 44(12):  1702-1706.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1702

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Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel protein widely expressed in mammalian cells with the function of sensing mechanical stimuli and of mediating signaling, and is embedded in the membranes of erythrocytes, the major cellular component of blood.Piezo1 regulates the morphology and function of erythrocytes by mediating the influx of Ca²⁺ into the cell in crosstalk with the Gardos channel (KCa3.1), constituting the “Piezo1-Ca²⁺-Gardos channel axis”. However, when Piezo1 is abnormally expressed or over-activated by its specific agonist (Yoda1), it can also lead to abnormal erythrocyte morphology and dysfunction, and even cause the development of related hereditary diseases.

The role of effective albumin in chronic liver disease

LIN Jun, LI Zepeng, YU Junying

2024, 44(12):  1707-1711.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1707

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Effective albumin refers to serum albumin with intact structure and function. In the course of chronic liver disease, some serum albumin loses its functional integrity through different post-translational modifications such as oxidation and glycosylation. Level of effective albumin is lower in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and is significantly correlated with patient survival, underscoring that they are more sensitive than total serum albumin in reflecting the actual state of liver function. In addition, effective albumin not only serves as a predictor, but also plays a key role in the treatment of chronic liver disease by improving albumin preparations and developing new therapeutics.

Zinc transporter ZIP13 and diseases

LI Huanhuan, MA Jing, DENG Peipei, LIU Xuan, WANG Shusong

2024, 44(12):  1712-1716.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1712

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Zinc is an important regulator of various biological processes such as protein synthesis, cell proliferation, migration and autophagy. The zinc transporter ZIP13 (SLC39A13) is a homodimeric metal transporter functioning in transport of zinc, iron, and calcium plasma in body. ZIP13 is involved in disease by regulating zinc homeostasis, such as the key role of ZIP13 in connective tissue development because it is involved in the BMP/TGF-β signaling pathway. ZIP13 promotes the metastasis of human ovarian cancer cells by activating the Src/FAK signaling pathway and ZIP13 inhibits the biogenesis and energy expenditure of beige adipocytes by regulating C/EBP-β expression.

BUB1B and gynecological malignant tumors

HOU Yiying, WEI Fang

2024, 44(12):  1717-1721.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1717

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The BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B) maintains a high fidelity of mitotic chromosome segregation by preventing the initiation of anaphase without the attachment of one or more kinetochore to the spindle, and plays a major role in both signal transduction and the stable attachment of kinetochore to microtubules. The dysregulated expression of BUB1B may affect the occurrence of mitosis-induced aneuploidy, chromosome instability and abnormal cell biological function, leading to cell malignant transformation. This review summarizes the role of BUB1B in the occurrence and development of gynecological malignant tumors.

Diagnosis and thermal ablation of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

QUAN Yinglan, LI Ning

2024, 44(12):  1722-1726.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1722

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Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma may develop cervical lymph node metastasis, which is especially important for early diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of PTMC. High-frequency ultrasound, ultrasonography, ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and genetic testing have been applied to the diagnosis of PTMC, which has continuously improved the detection rate of PTMC. In recent years, thermal ablation has been applied to the treatment of tumors due to its advantages of safety, high efficiency, low trauma and fast post-operative recovery and has achieved good results.

Advances of OTSC in managing anastomotic leak and fistulas after colorectal cancer surgery

WANG Qianyu, WU Bin

2024, 44(12):  1727-1730.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1727

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Anastomotic leak (AL) is one of the severe complications following colorectal cancer surgery, significantly impacting the patient prognosis and potentially endangering their life. Current treatments for AL involve colostomy diversion surgery or long-term total parenteral nutrition with abdominal drainage, supplemented by other conservative measures. However, the overall effectiveness of these treatments remains unsatisfactory. In recent years, endoscopic techniques have emerged as a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of AL. Among these, a novel rake-shaped closure system, known as the over-the-scope clip (OTSC), has been recognized by clinicians for its simple operation, few complications, high technical success rate and high clinical success rate.

The role of CD109 antigen in glioma

ZHOU Pinghui, CAO Sijie, YUE Dong, DONG Fengyun

2024, 44(12):  1731-1735.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1731

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Leukocyte differentiation antigen CD109 (CD109) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-associated cell surface antigen, belonging to the α-2 macroglobulin/C3, C4 and C5 super family complex, and is a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smads co-receptor. CD109 regulates the occurrence and development of glioma and is closely related to drug resistance and recurrence of glioma. As a cell membrane protein, CD109 can be directly labeled by specific antibodies or enzymes, and may also be recognized by targeted vectors for drug delivery, which is expected to become an effective diagnostic molecular marker and pharmacological therapeutic target.

Research progress on protein translational reprogramming in tumors

FAN Ying, LIU Yang, LIU Yanyong

2024, 44(12):  1736-1740.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1736

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Protein translational reprogramming is an important compensatory change made by cells in response to a variety of stimuli, resulting in rapid, specific changes to the cellular proteome. In tumor cells, this reprogramming is regulated through several mechanisms, including the internal ribosome entry site (IRES), cap-independent translational enhancers (CITE), and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications. These processes play pivotal roles in controlling protein translational reprogramming, which is essential for tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment resistance. Further research into the function of protein translational reprogramming in tumors may reveal novel therapeutic targets and offer new avenues for cancer treatment.

Neuroimaging findings of common types of neurodegenerative dementias

LI Qijun, WANG Junshan, YUAN Jing, CUI Ruixue

2024, 44(12):  1741-1745.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1741

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Neurodegenerative dementias are a group of clinical syndromes manifested with impairment of cognitive functions with various pathological etiologies. Neuroimaging along with clinical presentations can make etiological diagnoses and support differentiate diagnosis of various dementias. In this article, we briefly introduced the MRI, PET and SPECT differential patterns in the three most common neurodegenerative dementias including Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobe dementia and Lewy body dementia.

The role of microglia in the pathogenesis of Azheimer's disease

LYU Langman, CHEN Shaoxiang

2024, 44(12):  1746-1750.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1746

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. Microglia are inherent immune cells in the central nervous system, regulating and monitoring the stability of the surrounding environment. After activation, microglia have limited effects and can phagocytose part Aβ,However,Aβ Increased levels of microglia can induce chronic neuroinflammatory responses, leading to neurotoxicity and affecting the course of Alzheimer's disease. The role of microglia in neuroinflammatory response and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease can not be ignored. This study aims to explore the potential target of microglia and provide a new entry point for the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Medical Education

Survey on the current situation of postgraduates and thoughts on curriculum construction of the course “Experiments of Molecular Biology”

FU Jun, GU Jingli, ZHANG Zhuqin, HAN Wei, ZHANG Ran, XU Yuanyuan, PENG Xiaozhong

2024, 44(12):  1751-1755.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1751

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Objective To conduct a survey on students for their common needs for the course and the support to their research training, to provide reference for course reform and curriculum of ideology and politics. Methods A survey before and after course was conducted in 704 graduates who selected the course of “ Experiments of Molecular Biology” from the autumn of 2018 to the spring of 2024. After collecting the survey, they were summarized, counted, and analyzed. Results The students selected this course were mainly research-oriented graduate students. Their professional background was mainly in clinical medicine, and there was a relatively lack of training in technology and laboratory skill in molecular biology experiment. The follow-up survey showed that experimental operation and implementation as well as analysis of experimental results were the two most helpful aspects for students; PCR, RNA extraction and detection, and Western blot were the most useful techniques for student learning and scientific research. Conclusions Through the survey, the professional background of students, dynamic changes in their course selection needs are well acknowledged and so thus able to optimize, provide good reference for teaching and learning in this field, and provide a basis for curriculum reform and construction of ideological and political courses.

Application of the BOPPPS combined with CPBL and scenario simulation in cardiovascular internal medicine teaching

YOU Shuxin, ZHOU Xingyu, ZHU Zhiyuan, AN Chenhong, ZHOU Xianliang, LUO Fang

2024, 44(12):  1756-1760.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2024.12.1756

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Objective This study aims to evaluate the application of BOPPPS teaching model combined with case and problem-based learning (CPBL) and the scenario simulation in cardiovascular internal medicine education. Methods The study included cardiovascular internal medicine graduates from the 2022 and 2023 cohorts. The 2022 cohort (n=12) served as the control receiving traditional teaching methods, while the 2023 cohort (n=16) was the experimental group, which utilized the BOPPPS model combined with CPBL and scenario simulation. The students theoretical examination scores were assessed and a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate self-assessment of abilities and teaching satisfaction among the students in the experimental group. Results The examination scores of experimental group were significantly higher (97.94±3.46) as compared to that of control group (69.13±12.88) (P＜0.05). Over 93.75% of the students in the experimental group strongly or somewhat agreed that the combined teaching model stimulated their learning interest, improved learning efficiency, facilitated their capacity building of autonomous learning, theoretical knowledge, helped establish clinical reasoning, and improved their teamwork skills. Additionally, over 93.75% of the students were highly satisfied with the course design, emphasizing key content, promoting teacher-student interaction, and expressed willingness to continue with this teaching method in the future. Conclusions The application of the BOPPPS teaching model combined with CPBL and scenario simulation in cardiovascular internal medicine education achieved excellent teaching outcomes. It effectively stimulated students interest in learning, enhanced autonomous learning abilities, and received high satisfaction ratings from students.