Table of Content

05 May 2018, Volume 38 Issue 5

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Construction and characterization of QKI gene knockout GC1-spg cell strain with CRISPR/CAS9

2018, 38(5):  589-593. 

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Objective To investigate whether QKI protein plays an important role in the process of spermatogenesis. Constructing GC1-spg cell line which knocked out QKI gene by the technology of CRISPR / Cas9 ，and detecting its effect on the proliferation and differentiation of QKI protein in vitro. Methods The plasmid PX330 was used to construct QKI gene knockout recombinant plasmid, then was transfected it to GC1-spg wild-type cells and was selected it by puromycin, and GC1-spg knock-QKI gene cell lines were identified by Western Blot and gene sequencing; The wild-type and knockout cell lines were cultured normally, then detected the growth curve by cell counting kit (CCK8) , and using quantitative PCR to get the changes of meiotic-related gene differentiation. Results In this study, QKI gene knockout GC1-spg cell line was successfully constructed. Compared with the control group, the growth of QKI knockout cell line was significantly decreased (*P < 0.05), and the expression of meiosis related molecular marker gene was significantly decreased (*P < 0.05). Conclusions QKI proteins can affect reproductive spermatogenesis by acting on proliferation and differentiation.

A homozygous mutation in TMEM38B causes rare osteogenesis imperfecta type XIV

2018, 38(5):  594-599. 

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Objective To investigate the phenotype of a boy with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and detect the pathogenic gene mutation in his family. Methods The clinical data of a uygur ethnic boy was investigated in detail, who suffered from early onset repeated fragile fractures. Bone turnover biomarkers, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone morphology were evaluated. The pathogenic mutations in this patient were investigated by targeted next-generation sequencing and subsequently confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Results Serum β-cross linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen was elevated. Radiological assessment revealed generalized osteoporosis in thoracolumbar spine, slender long bone with thin cortices. The pathogenic mutations in TMEM38B were detected as follow: a homozygous mutation c.507G>A transition in exon 4, which would generate a new downstream termination codon (p.W169X). His parents were heterozygous carriers of the mutation. Conclusion Mutation in TMEM38B is identified for the first time in a uygur ethnic boy with extremely rare autosomal recessive OI type XIV. The clinical and genetic findings extend our understanding of rare OI induced by TMEM38B mutation.

Expression of miR-181-5p in peripheral blood from patients with esophageal cancer is down-regulated

2018, 38(5):  600-603. 

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Objective To investigate the expression of miR-181b-5p in peripheral blood of patients with esophageal cancer and to provide guidance for the diagnosis and prognosis of esophageal cancer. Methods Blood samples were collected from 34 cases of esophageal cancer and 26 cases of healthy volunteers . The single candidate miRNA was selected by RNA miRNA chip screening analysis.Then the expression of miR-181b-5p in the serum of patients was detected by RT-qPCR .Results Compares with the normal group, the expression of miR-181b-5p was down-regulated in esophageal cancer group. Conclusion The expression of miR-181b-5p in esophageal cancer is down regulated, which may be related to the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer.

Cellular molecular mechanism of EndoMT and tube formation dysfunction in iPSC-ECs of pulmonary arterial hypertension

2018, 38(5):  604-609. 

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Objective To investigate the phenotypic and functional differences of endothelial cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-ECs) between HPAH patient (HPAH) and Control donor (CON), and clarify the molecular mechanism of phenotypic changes in BMPRII deficient ECs which is a pathological characteristic of PAH. Methods Differentiate the iPSCs derived from human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (hPASMCs) to ECs. The expression of several genes related to stem cell and endothelial marker were analyzed at different time points during the differentiation. Immunofluorescence staining showed the expression of surface markers of iPSC-ECs. The transcription factors involved in the EndoMT process were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). HPAH and CON-derived iPSC-ECs were compared for tube formation. VEGFR2 mRNA and protein expression were detected by qPCR and immunofluorescence staining. Results The expression of several endothelial cell related genes of HPAH were different from CON during differentiationthrough they both expressed pluripotency genes. The expression of α-SMA, HMGA1, Slug and Snail1 in HPAH iPSC-ECs were significantly higher compared with CON ECs (P<0.05). The tube formation of HPAH-derived ECs reduced which could be rescued by VEGF165. Their VEGFR2 mRNA and protein expression were lower compared with CON ECs. Conclusions It suggests that enhanced HMGA1, Slug and Snail1 genes involve in the EndoMT of iPSC-ECs from HAPH, reduced VEGFR2 may contribute to tube formation dysfunctionin pulmonary vascular remodeling of PAH.

Hypoxia amplifies lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1β expression in macrophages

2018, 38(5):  610-615. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxia on the expression of IL-1β in macrophages. Methods RAW264.7 cells were treated with normoxia (21% O2), hypoxia (2% O2), normoxia (21% O2) following treatment with LPS and hypoxia (2% O2) following treatment with LPS. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Vegf, Nlrp3 and Il1b. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of HIF-1α, NLRP3, caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, Pro-IL-1β and IL-1β. The peritoneal macrophages of Vhlfl/fl/Apoe-/- mice and VhlΔMac/Apoe-/- mice were treated with or without LPS. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Vhl, Nlrp3, Il1b and Il6. Results Compared with normoxia, hypoxia only significantly increased the mRNA levels of Vegf, Nlrp3 and Il1b in RAW264.7 (P<0.01). Hypoxia augmented the mRNA and protein levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β in RAW264.7 induced with LPS comparing with normoxia (P<0.01). Hypoxia had no effects on the activation of caspase-1 and the subsequent maturation of Pro-IL-1β induced with LPS in RAW264.7. Compared with Vhlfl/fl/Apoe-/- peritoneal macrophages, VhlΔMac/Apoe-/- peritoneal macrophages showed significantly increased mRNA levels of Nlrp3, Il1b and Il6 induced with LPS (P<0.05). Conclusions Hypoxia amplifies lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-1β expression in macrophages.

Secreted CTLA-4 fusion Plasmodium falciparum DNA vaccine combined with GM-CSF enhances immune response in mice

2018, 38(5):  616-621. 

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Objective To study effects of secreted CTLA-4 fusion Plasmodium falciparum DNA vaccine combined with GM-CSF on the humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. Methods The malaria antigen coding sequence fused with CTLA-4 extracellular region of mouse to be constructed as eukaryotic secretory expression vector VR1012-sES312-CTLA, recombinant protein in culture of transfected HEK293 cells was detected by Western blot. Balb/c mice were co-administrated with VR1012-sES312-CTLA and GM-CSF expression vector. After immunization specific antibody IgG titers and cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4 expression levels were evaluated by ELISA and ELISPOT respectively. Results The introduction of CTLA-4 into malaria DNA vaccine system and application of GM-CSF adjuvant significantly enhanced the specific immune response of the vaccine. Antibody titers in VR1012-sES312-CTLA and GM-CSF co-immunized mice have a 190-fold increase compared with the simple designed VR1012-ES312 immunization (P <0.001). Conclusion humoral and cellular immunity of malaria DNA vaccine were both significantly enhanced by dendritic cell-targeting modification and the introduction of GM-CSF molecular adjuvant into the immune system. This result provides a new idea for effectively raising the immune response level of malaria DNA vaccine.

Rare mutation of angiopoietin-like protein 8 gene and severe hypertriglyceridemia

2018, 38(5):  622-625. 

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Objective To screen new mutations of ANGPTL8 gene in severe hypertriglyceridemia population. Methods We designed a capture array encompassing all coding regions of the target genes for next-generation sequencing (NGS) in a cohort of 43 unrelated patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia. Exclude known TG related gene mutations, the ANGPTL8 mutation was screened and the Sanger sequencing was performed. In combination with functional prediction and conservatism analysis, the pathogenic mutation was finally screened. Results After bioinformatics analysis, 1 new ANGPTL8 variants were identified in 43 patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions ANGPTL8 mutation screening for severe hypertriglyceridemia in this study, and 1 new rare variant were found.

Hepatocytes apoptosis induced by β1-adrenoceptor autoantibody iis nvolved in hepatic dysfunction

2018, 38(5):  626-631. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of β1-Adrenoceptor autoantibody on liver function. Methods The biologically active of β1-AA was prepared and passive immunization model was established with β1-AA. The biochemical parameters of the liver were measured by the automatic serum biochemical analyzer. The liver size, hepatic vein, portal vein velocity were detected by liver ultrasound; hepatocytes apoptosis were tested by tunel staining, Annexin V / PI staining and caspase 3 activity detection. Results The biologically active of β1-AA and passive immunization model were established successfully. The ALT and AST of the liver significantly increased and the ALB decreased in the passive immunization process. The apoptosis of the hepatocytes increased, and metoprolol could partially reversed this effect. Conclusion β1-AA can induce hepatocytes apoptosis by β1-adrenergic receptor and participate in the development of liver injury.

Analysis of Inter-species cross-contamination in 160 non-human cell lines

2018, 38(5):  632-637. 

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Objective To analyze interspecies cross-contamination of 160 non-human cell lines. Methods One hundred and sixty common non-human cell lines were collected and their species were identified by PCR. For the suspicious cells，chromosome analysis was further used to confirm their species. Results Six in 160 non-human cell lines were cross-contaminated. One rat cell line was mixed by a human cell line, and 5 were totally cross-contaminated, belonging species wrong. Conclusion 3.75% of non-human cell lines were cross-contaminated. Species identification is an indispensable part of cell quality control. Each cell line should undergo a full QA (Quality Assurance) assessment before it is used for research.

Association of SLC22A12 and SCL2A9 genetic polymorphisms with hypouricemia in Ningxia population

2018, 38(5):  638-642. 

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Objective To study the relationship between rs505802 in SLC22A12, rs6855911, rs737267, rs12498742, rs7442295, rs734553, rs16890979 in SLC2A9 genetic polymorphisms and hypouricemia in Ningxia. Method 6056 subjects were collected by multistage, stratified random cluster sampling method in October and November in 2011 in Ningxia Hui autonomous region, 98 subjects with hypouricemia was selected. According to gender and age, 84 controls were selected. Physical examination and laboratory biochemical index test were conducted for the study population. T test was used to compare general clinical data and biochemical indexs between two groups. SNPs were detected by Sequenom Mass ARRAY technology. By χ2 test, we compared the frequencies of the genotype and allele in each group. Samples representativeness was confirmed through the Hardy-Weinberg inspection. Results The levels of TC, LDLC, and Cr in the patients were lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in the distribution of A, G allele frequencies of SLC2A9 gene rs7442295 between two groups. The risk of hypouricemia in patients with A/A genotype was lower than that of A/G genotype (Pc<0.05), indicating that A >G mutation was associated with hypouricemia. Conclusion Polymorphisms of SLC2A9 gene rs7442295 are significant correlation with hyporuricemia in Ningxia.

Impact of celastrol on polarization of mouse peritoneal macrophage

2018, 38(5):  643-648. 

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Objective To explore the impact of celastrol on polarization of mouse peritoneal macrophage. Methods Mouse peritoneal macrophages were isolated by intraperitoneal injection of broth (stimulation method). Cells were divided into control group, celastrol only group, classically activated M1 group and celastrol intervention with M1 group. RT-qPCR and flow cytometry were used to detect the relevant markers expression levels of two polarization states of macrophages (M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages)——iNOS, Arg-1, CD206, CD11c. Results Celastrol can decrease the expressions of revelant markers CD11c and iNOS of M1 macrophages (P<0.05). Celastrol can enhance the expressions of revelant marker Arg-1 of M2 macrophages (P<0.05). Conclusions Celastrol can suppress the M1 macrophage polarization of mouse peritoneal macrophages.

Isolation and identification of exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

2018, 38(5):  649-653. 

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Objective To explore the method of isolation and identification of exosomes of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Methods The mesenchymal stem cells were cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method. A new reagent - exosomes extraction kit was used to isolate and collecte exosomes. The exosomes were identified by electron microscopy, particle size detection, flow cytometry and Western blot. Results The expression of CD45 on the surface of the third generation bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was negative, and CD73 and CD105 were positive;exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were round or oval, the size is non-uniform, the diameter is 30 ~ 100 nm, have a complete membrane structure, and containing low-density substances;Particle size detection particle diameter of the main peak is 61.25nm, in which the diameter of particles shows about 20-200nm accounted for 72.4%;exosome expressed CD63 and CD81 ;The expression of CD9 and CD63 in cell culture supernatants was positive. Conclusions The exosomes can be collected in the medium of mesenchymal stem cells. The exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be identified by electron microscopy, particle size detection, flow cytometry and Western blot.

Formaldehyde induced acute inflammation pain leads to enhanced expression of BRD4 in spinal cord of mice

2018, 38(5):  654-658. 

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Objective To investigate the expression of BRD4 in the spinal cord and its relatiocontrolhip with acute inflammation pain induced by formaldehyde in mice. Methods Thirty-six mouse are randomly divided into three groups: control group, formaldehyde group and indomethacin+ formaldehyde group. 25μL 1% formaldehyde is injected into the right plantar to establish the acute inflammationpain model, while the indomethacin (20m g /kg) is injected intraperitoneally 1 hour before formaldehyde injection. Then, all the mice are video recored for 1h to observe the spontous pain. Then, cell localization of BRD4 in the spinal cord of Normal mice is determined by immunofluorescence assasy. The expression of BRD4 in spinal cord is detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. Results Immunofluorescence showed that BRD4 is mainly co-locolized with the neuronal marker NeuN in the spinal cord of Normal mice. Formaldehyde injection could induce two-phase spontaneous pain, while indomethacin intervention could only decrease the second phase pain(P < 0.05). Furthermore, formaldehyde injection lead to significanlty enhanced expression of BRD4 in bilateral spinal cord, which is remarkbly inhibited by indomethacin(P < 0.05). Conclusions Upregulation of BRD4 in spinal dorsal horn may be involved in the acute inflammatory pain.

Synergistic antitumor effect of HSP90 inhibitor P7 combined with docetaxel in triple -negative breast cancer

2018, 38(5):  659-663. 

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Objective To evaluate the effect of docetaxel (DTX) combined with a heptapeptide (LPLTPLP, namely P7) on the human triple-negative breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 in vitro. Methods The cell viability was measured by SRB assay followed by evaluation of their combination effect using the isobologram. Flow cytometry was performed to quantify apoptotic cells following treatment of DTX, P7 and DTX combined with P7 and the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins were determined by western blot analysis. Results P7 has been shown to synergize with DTX in cell viability detection. The apoptotic rate was highly increased with increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio after MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to DTX and P7 combination. Conclusion Combination of P7 and DTX exhibits synergistic effects on MDA-MB-231 cells as characterized by increasing apoptosis activation, in which the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax increased with a decline in apoptotic protein Bcl-2.

Decreased expression of autophage related genes Atg7 and Atg12-Atg5 in myocardium of diabetic rats

2018, 38(5):  664-668. 

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Objective To investigate the protein expression of Atg7 and Atg12-Atg5 in myocardium of streptozotocin(STZ) diabetic rats. Methods The diabetic model was made in rats by injection of STZ. The rats were divided into normal control group(NC) and diabetes model group(DM). The left ventricular weight index of rats were detected at the time of 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100 d after model formed. The protein expression of Atg7 and Atg12-Atg5 in myocardium of rats was assayed by western blot. The myocardial ultrastructure and autophagosome were observed by electron microscope. Results Compared with rats in NC group at the same period, the left ventricular weight index in DM group increased since 40 d after model formed. The protein expression of Atg7 and Atg12-Atg5 in myocardium of diabetic rats increased a little at 20 d (It had not a statistical significance), but reduced significantly at 80d (P<0.01). The changes in the myocardial ultrastructure and decrease in autophagosome were both obvious in diabetic rats at 80d. Conclusions With the development of diabetes mellitus, the autophagy level in myocardium of STZ diabetic rats finally reduced.

Effect of moxifloxacin on pro-inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mice peritoneal macrophages

2018, 38(5):  669-673. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of moxifloxacin(MXF） on inflammatory reactionof mice abdominal peritoneal macrophage induced by LPS. Methods The levels of TLR4、SPHK1 and NF-κB mRNA were determined by realtime-PCR;The relative levels of TLR4、SPHK1 and NF-κB were determined by Western blot. The levels of TNF-αand IL-1 secreted by macrophages were detected by ELISA. Results At low and medium concentration（8，16mg/L）of the MXF have inhibitory effect on the increasing of TLR4, SPHK1, NF-κB expression level and cell supernatant of TNF-α and IL-1 in LPS stimulation of mice peritoneal macrophages. And high concentration (64 mg/L) of the MXF up to promote the role of inflammation. Conclusions The MXF of low concentration and medium concentration can inhibit the inflammatory response in LPS stimulation of mice peritoneal macrophages, and high concentration of the MXF showed contrary effects.

Zika virus NS3 can unwind dsDNA depending on ATP hydrolysis

2018, 38(5):  674-678. 

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Objective To investigate whether Zika virus NS3 have ATP hydrolase and DNA helicase activity. Methods Zika NS3 with His tag was expressed in E.coli BL21 and purified by Nickelagarose beads. ATP hydrolysis assay was performed to examinethe ATPase activity of NS3. The dsDNA unwinding activity of NS3 was detected according to the principle of FRET(Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer). NS3 G198A mutant was generated by site-directed mutagenesis and its enzymatic activity was measured subsequently. Results Zika NS3 was capable of hydrolyzing ATP in vitro(Vmax=2.76 μmol /(L?min)，Km =0.11 mmol/L).Moreover, Zika NS3 could unwind dsDNA in vitro as the fluorescence was enhanced in FRET system. G198A mutation impaired NS3 enzymatic activities, including ATP hydrolysis and dsDNA unwinding activities. Conclusions Zika NS3 has DNA helicase activity in vitro depending on ATP hydrolysis, and the 198 glycine is important for its enzymatic activity.

Effect of rs6858698 on susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2018, 38(5):  679-685. 

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Objective To explore the functional activity of rs6858698 and its effect on susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemia Methods Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the regulatory activity of rs6858698-containing fragment. CRISPR/Cas9 system was employed to construct stable cell line with point mutation at rs6858698 locus. RNA-seq was used to identify differentially expressed genes between wildtype cells and mutant cells. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) assays were used to validate the results of RNA-seq. Results The rs6858698 -containing region with allele C showed significantly higher enhancer activity than the region containing allele G. A total of 140 differentially expressed genes were identified in HEK293T cells after changing the allele from G to C, These genes are mainly enriched in nine biological processes, including epigenetic modification. Conclusions rs6858698 has regulatory activity, which can affect the individual susceptibility to chronic lymphocytic leukemia by influencing the expression of genes related to the epigenetic modification.

Quercetin promotes macrophage polarization and function recovery after spinal cord injury in mice

2018, 38(5):  686-691. 

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Objective to investigate the effects of quercetin with a special focus on their effect on macrophage polarization after SCI. Methods Adult C57 mice underwent T10 spinal cord clip compression injury，then were randomly divided into SCI group and quercetin group. 1-14 d after SCI received quercetin by intraperitoneal injection(one time/day) in quercetin group, and received same normal saline in the SCI group. 3 d, 7 d and 14 d after SCI, the lesion section of SCI group and Quercetin group stained by immunofluorescent: M1 Macrophages phenotype cell labeled with iNOS, and M2 Macrophages phenotype cell labeled with Arg1. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors in lesion site was detected by RT-PCR. The motor function was evaluated by Basso mouse scale(BMS) after SCI. Results Compare with SCI group, the expression of arginase-1 (associated with M2 macrophage phenotype) significantly increased in quercetin group (P<0.05). On the contrary, the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase-iNOS (M1 phenotype marker) was down-regulated as demonstrated using immunohistochemistry (P<0.05). Furthermore, the production of NOS2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha was significantly reduced whereas the levels of interleukin 10 and TGF-β were elevated in quercetin group (P<0.05). The time course of functional recovery revealed that gradual recovery was observed in the subacute phase in quercetin group, little improvement was observed in SCI group(P<0.05). Conclusions it is found that quercetin could promote the shift of M1 to M2 phenotype and ameliorate the inflammatory microenvironment. Furthermore, the roles of quercetin in immunity modulation may enhance neuroprotective effects and partially contribute to the locomotor functional recovery after SCI.

Pathological changes of arota in long-term pure hyperuricemia rat

Qi WANG Ya Ma Xue-jun ZENG

2018, 38(5):  692-695. 

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Objective To identify whetherlong-term hyperuricemia is able to induce arota pathological changes in rat. Methods 2%OA forage and 100μmol/L uric acid plus OA lavage were used to copy a long-term hyperuricemia animal model,eNOS,ET-1,ICAM expression in arota was evaluated to find out the role of uric acid in cardiovascular diseases. Results The arotas of hyperuricemia ratshad tiny damages whereas that of rats in control group was totally normal; Hyperuricemia rat had less eNOS expression,moreET-1,ICAM expression in arota(P<0.05) and less NO, more ET-1,ICAM in serum.Conclusions Long-term hyperuricemia is able to induce impairment in endothelium in rat arota, but isn’t able to cause atherosclerosis.

Upregulation of AQP3 expression in pancreatic cancer is associated with the differentiation degree

2018, 38(5):  696-697. 

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Research advances on the role of extracellular matrix in pulmonary fibrosis

2018, 38(5):  698-702. 

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Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by extensive deposition of extracellular matrix, changes in biomechanical properties of ECM result from the process of PF actively drive disease progression. Several matrix protein candidates correlate with fibrotic pathologies, ECM may offer many novel therapeutic targets.

Effects of Wnt3a and Wnt5a signaling pathway switching on hematopoietic stem cells senescence

2018, 38(5):  703-707. 

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Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) senescence is an important reason of hematopoietical and immunological function senescence. It also is play a key role during aging-related diseases development. Under certain conditions, the activation of classical Wnt3a/β-catenin is in favour of maintains polarity and young states of HSCs, self-renewing, proliferation and differentiation potency. Switching to the non-classical Wnt5a pathway, further activation of Cdc42 protein and others can promote HSCs ageing, and indirectly inhibits Wnt3a/beta-catenin pathway. The intervention of two Wnt signaling pathways switching and mechanism, not only can illustrate the mechanism of HSCs aging, but also clear how to slow down ageing. This could provide a new strategy on the solution of age-related diseases and keeping a young state.

Effect of ACE/AngII/AT1 axis and ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas axis on glucose and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue

2018, 38(5):  708-712. 

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The renin angiotensin system includes two counterbalance axes: the ACE/AngII/AT1 axis and the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas axis. The RAS can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue. Most of evidences demonstrated that the ACE/AngII/AT1 axis can induce glucose metabolism disorders in adipose tissue，on the contrary, the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas axis improves glucose metabolism. The RAS , which is over activated in obese patient, has been considered to be a potential link between obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. The effect of ACE/AngII/AT1 axis and ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas axis on lipid and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue should be futher investigated, and we may find a new target for improving glucose and lipid metabolism.

An overview of mechanism research on Helicobacter pylori pathogenic factors

Wei LUO Gu Haiying

2018, 38(5):  713-716. 

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Helicobacter pylori is considered to be closely associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer and other gastrointestinal diseases, but the detail of the pathogenesis is still unclear. The past researches often focused on virulence factors such as CagA (Cytotoxin-associated gene A), VacA (vacuolating cytotoxin A), Urease and DupA (duodenal ulcer-promoting gene), but these are not enough to reveal the pathogenic mechanism. Recent studies have not only revealed some new progresses of these past virulence factors but also indicated that Hp flagllum, adhesion protein and hemolysin play important roles in the pathogenic mechanism.

Advances in treatment for stanford type B aortic dissection

2018, 38(5):  717-721. 

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Stanford type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is a life-threatening aortic disease. Complicated TBAD patients require emergency surgical procedure to p-revent death caused by rupture or severe complication. The development of en-dovascular repair has shifted the management from extensive open surgical to minimally less invasive endovascular strategy. By reason of thoracic endovascu-lar aortic repair (TEVAR) could promote aortic remodeling and prevent late a-neurysmal dilatation, more and more evidences show that TEVAR is effective in the treatment of uncomplicated TBAD.

Advances in research on tumor targeted therapy of trastuzumab

2018, 38(5):  722-726. 

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Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(Her2) proto-oncogenes, which can act on Her2 over-expression of tumor cells, inhibits tumor cells proliferation, differentiation, migration and other physiological activities, reduces the risk of tumor metastasis and extend the survival time of patients.

Research progress on translesion synthesis DNA polymerase ζ-Rev7 in tumor development

2018, 38(5):  727-730. 

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Translesion DNA synthesis is a kind of post-replication repair process, which mainly involves DNA polymerase kappa, eta and zeta. Translesion synthesis is a tolerance mechanism of DNA damage inside the cell, in which DNA polymerase zeta plays an important role. DNA polymerase zeta is mainly composed of subunits Rev7 and Rev3, and play the main role of participate in the damage repair in cell metabolism. Rev7 (also known as MAD2L2) is a multifunctional protein that can be combined with a variety of proteins to participate in DNA damage repair, cell cycle regulation, gene expression and carcinogenesis, which is also involved in the process of controlling the prognosis of various adverse tumors.

Gene polymorphism on the response to recombinant human growth hormone replacement therapy in adults growth hormone deficiency

Ke XU Hongbo Yang

2018, 38(5):  731-734. 

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Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment can improve serum glycolipid metabolism, body composition and quality of life in adults growth hormone deficiency. Individual differences in rhGH dose and rhGH response to treatment between different patients, gene polymorphisms may play an important role.

Practice and experience of offering MOOC of anatomy

2018, 38(5):  735-738. 

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Massive open online courses（MOOCs）have a major influence on global modern higher education.《Anatomy and Clinics》course was offered on Chinese University MOOC from November，2015. The course already has 4 repeated versions, with over 60,000 registrants. This paper analyzed the data of 4 versions and results of questionnaire survey, suggests that offering MOOC of anatomy play a role in continuing professional and interprofessional medical education. Combining MOOC to traditional anatomy teaching is also suggested.

Improvement the training effectiveness with optimized mode for the hemodynamics short-term training course

2018, 38(5):  739-741. 

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Objective Investigate the influence of optimized mode for the hemodynamics short-term training course on the training effectiveness. Methods From 2016 to 2017, an optimized training mode was used in the hemodynamics 2-day training course, and the training effectiveness was evaluated.The optimized training mode included optimized course structure, opened-on-line answer questions, pre-training and post-training examination. Results A total of 808 clinical doctors participated in the hemodynamic training courses, and 627 participators finished both pre-training and post-training examinations. The percent of the pass of the examination was 44% at the baseline, and the percent of the pass of the examination was 88.2% after the training course. The post-training score was significantly higher than the pre-training score in the subgroup of 627 participators(Pair-t-test, pre-training score 55.7+19.3 vs. post-training score 73.7+10.5, difference 18+21, P<0.001). Moreover, there was no relationship between pre-training score and post-training score. Conclusions the optimized mode for the hemodynamics short-term training course can improve the short-term training effectiveness. However, further studies are required to investigate how to improve the ability to use hemodynamics in the clinical practice.

Content design and development model of medical microlecture platform based on Internet

2018, 38(5):  742-744. 

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Micro-courses have great advantages in improving the enthusiasm of medical students in self-learning because of its short period and brief content, breaking through the limitations of time and space and realizing the share of educational resources. WeChat, QQ , Weibo and other communication software make daily use of micro-course possible in the education. This paper presents the content design and development model of electronic medical micro-course platform, providing a theoretical basis and a model reference for the construction of electronic platform.