Abstract: Congenital atlantoaxial dislocation (CAAD) is one common disease of craniovertebral junction (CVJ) malformations, which diagnosis depends on CT and MRI. The treatment of CAAD is complex, as a result, the corresponding surgical techniques are different, mainly includes anterioposterior combined approach surgery, single anterior approach surgery and single posterior approach surgery. There is also simple posterior decompression surgery, but it seems not convincible. The complications related to different surgical techniques are various, hence we suggest the experienced neurosurgeons to investigate such operations.

Key words: Dislocations, Atlanto-occipital joint, Platybasia, Congenital abnormalities, Neurosurgical procedures, Review

摘要： 先天性寰枢椎脱位为颅颈交界区常见疾病之一，其诊断主要依靠CT 及MRI。寰枢椎脱位的外科手术治疗难度较大，目前主要采用经前后路联合手术、单纯经前路手术及单纯经后路手术。虽然尚有单纯经后路减压手术，但不推荐临床应用。各种术式比较，其并发症不尽相同，目前仅建议具有一定临床经验的神经外科医师开展此类手术。

关键词: 脱位, 寰枢关节, 扁颅底, 先天畸形, 神经外科手术, 综述