摘要：

儿童药物难治性癫痫严重影响神经发育和生活质量，常伴有认知功能障碍和行为异常，给家庭和社会带来沉重经济和心理负担。外科手术是药物难治性癫痫的有效治疗方法，尤其对于药物治疗无效的患儿。本文综述儿童药物难治性癫痫的外科治疗现状，探讨手术必要性和手术时机、手术适应证及术前评估，介绍切除性手术和姑息性手术的应用，追踪新技术如激光间质热疗术和高强度聚焦超声的发展，为儿童癫痫外科向更微创化和精准化方向发展提供理论依据。

关键词: 耐药性癫痫, 神经外科手术, 儿童, 综述

Abstract:

Pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) significantly affects children's neurodevelopment and quality of life, often accompanied by cognitive dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities, imposing a heavy economic and psychological burden on families and society. Surgery is an effective treatment for DRE, especially for children who do not respond to medication. This article reviews the current status of surgical treatment for pediatric DRE, discussing the necessity and timing of surgery, surgical indications, and preoperative evaluation. It introduces the applications of resective and palliative surgeries and explores the development of new technologies such as laser interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). This review provides a theoretical foundation for the advancement of pediatric epilepsy surgery toward more minimally invasive and precise approaches.

Key words: Drug resistant epilepsy, Neurosurgical procedures, Child, Review