摘要： 神经病理性疼痛为躯体感觉系统病变或疾病直接导致的疼痛，其中头面部常见神经病理性疼痛包括三叉神经痛、舌咽神经痛、枕神经痛、带状疱疹后遗神经痛等，其疼痛性质多呈刀割样、烧灼样、过电样，表现为自发性疼痛、痛觉过敏、异常性疼痛等临床特征。偏头痛为常见的原发性头痛，发作时伴恶心、呕吐或畏光、畏声、畏嗅，活动后症状加重；慢性每日头痛包括慢性偏头痛、慢性紧张型头痛、新发持续每日头痛等，每月头痛时间超过15 天，持续时间3 个月以上。上述两类头痛的发病机制中均存在中枢敏化，而这也是神经病理性疼痛的重要发病机制之一。

关键词: 神经痛, 偏头痛, 综述

Abstract: Neuropathic pain (NP) of head or face commonly consists of trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, occipital neuralgia, and postherpetic neuralgia, which is often reported as having lancinating, burning or lightning pain and is often associated with the appearance of abnormal sensory signs such as spontaneous pain, allodynia or hyperalgesia. Migraine is a common primary headache, characterized by usually throbbing pain, often unilateral in distribution and often associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, osmophobia and aggravation after physical activities. Chronic daily headache (CDH) is defined as a primary headache which occurs at least 15 d per month and more than 3 months, including chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, and new daily persistent headache, et al. The pathogenesis of these two types of headache can be explained partially by "central sensitization", which is also important to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain mechanisms.

Key words: Neuralgia, Migraine disorders, Review