摘要：

自 20 世纪 90 年代神经外科医师和耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师开始进行单纯经鼻内镜垂体瘤切除术以来，内镜技术改变了传统显微颅底外科的手术方式。随着内镜颅底外科近 20 年的发展，目前内镜技术可以提供术中深部脑组织的清晰图像，同时随着神经外科医师对内镜颅底解剖学理解的不断深入，扩大经鼻内镜颅底手术被提出，手术视野自枢椎至嗅沟，外侧达颞下窝和卵圆孔。总结内镜颅底解剖学在临床中的应用，有助于颅底重建技术的提高。

关键词: 内窥镜, 颅底, 神经解剖学, 综述

Abstract:

A number of neurosurgeons and otorhinolaryngological surgeons began performing purely endoscopic pituitary surgery since 1990s, the traditional approach of microsurgical skull base surgery has been changed by endoscopic technology so far. With the development and improvement of endoscopic skull base surgery for nearly 20 years, endoscopy can provide detailed visualization of deep brain structures during surgery. At the same time, as the anatomy of skull base is more familiar to neurosurgeons, the concept of extended endoscopic skull base surgery is presented, allowing surgical exposures from axis to olfactory groove, and to infratemporal fossa and foramen ovale laterally. This article intends to summarize the clinical application of endoscopic related anatomy of skull base.

Key words: Endoscopes, Skull base, Neuroanatomy, Review