摘要：

国际抗癫痫联盟的最新指南定义，急性症状性发作是急性中枢神经系统损害相关临床发作。急性脑卒中、中枢神经系统感染、颅脑创伤、血清电解质和代谢紊乱、缺氧缺血性脑病、酒精戒断或中毒、违禁药品等均可以导致急性症状性发作。去除病因或中枢神经系统损害急性期后，复发风险较小。急性症状性发作发生率、发作类型、危险因素、复发率、预后因病因不同而各异。首次发作后经系统检查，通常可以明确病因并明确诊断。针对病因系统治疗原发病并结合个体情况进行抗癫痫治疗是必要的。

关键词: 癫痫,  综述

Abstract:

Acute symptomatic seizure is defined in a recent recommendation from the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) as a clinical seizure occurring in close relationship with acute central nervous system (CNS) damage. Acute stroke, CNS infection, traumatic brain injury (TBI), serum electrolytic and metabolic disorders, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), alcohol withdrawal or acute intoxication and illicit drugs, etc. would result in acute symptomatic seizures. When the etiology is solved or the acute stage passes, the possibility of seizure recurrence is low. Depending on different causes, the incidence, seizure type, risk factors, recurrence rate and prognosis are different. After occurrence of the first seizure, the etiology and diagnosis could be confirmed by systematic examination and test. It is necessary to treat the primary disease systematically and apply anti?epileptic therapy according to individual condition.

Key words: Epilepsy, Review