摘要：

脑小血管病系指病理改变主要累及颅内小血管的疾病，主要表现为缺血性卒中、认知功能障碍和情感障碍等。自19 世纪末首次报道以来，不断有新的病例出现。随着影像学和细胞学研究水平的提高，对脑小血管病的认识不断加深，逐步确定脑小血管病的典型临床表现和诊断标准。本文拟对脑小血管病的发现与发展历程进行综述，以期为临床医师提供指导。

关键词: 脑血管障碍, 小动脉, 小静脉, 动静脉吻合, 综述

Abstract:

Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a group of pathological process with various etiologies that involve small arteries, arterioles, venules and capillaries of the brain, which is closely related to ischemic stroke, cognitive disorders and affective disturbance. Since firstly reported in late 19th century, a number of cases have been found in decades, which attracts lots of attention and argument from different fields. With the development of neuroimaging and histocytology, we have better recognition on this disease, and set up the criteria of diagnosis and treatment step by step. This paper reviews the development history of cSVD, hoping readers could benefit from it.

Key words: Cerebrovascular disorders, Arterioles, Venules, Arteriovenous anastomosis, Review