Abstract: Exosomes are vesicle-like structures generated and secreted actively by all kinds of cells. They contain proteins, nucleic acids and also lipids from the original cells, functioning in interactions between cells by shuttling cellular cargoes, andregulation of immune response in the microenvironment. Besides, they play important roles in the oncogenesis and progression of lung neoplasms. Considerable studies have demonstratedgreat potentials of exosomal proteins and microRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, prediction and treatment of lung cancers, including immunotherapy and targeted delivering of anti-tumor drugs based on exosomes.

Key words: exosome, non-small cell lung cancer, clinical trials, biomarker, liquid biopsy