摘要： 脑海绵状血管瘤是中枢神经系统常见的血管畸形病变，儿童患者可出现癫痫发作、自发性脑出血和局灶性神经功能缺损等症状，病变呈单发或多发，多为偶然发现。MRI对脑海绵状血管瘤具有较高的辨识度，是其首选影像学检查手段。但该病的发病机制目前尚未阐明，且治疗方法仍缺乏总结。本文对儿童脑海绵状血管瘤的临床表现、影像学特征、相关发病机制以及治疗方式的选择进行综述，以加深对疾病的认识，指导个体化治疗。

关键词: 血管瘤, 海绵状, 中枢神经系统, 脑出血, 癫痫, 儿童, 综述

Abstract: Cerebral cavernous malformation is the second most common vascular malformation of the central nervous system. The main clinical manifestations in children include epileptic seizure, spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage, and focal neurological deficits. The lesions are mostly single or multiple, most of which were detected incidentally. MRI has a high discrimination of cerebral cavernous malformation and is the imaging modality of choice for it. However, the pathogenesis has not been elucidated and the treatment methods still lack summary. This paper reviews the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of cerebral cavernous malformation in children, involved clinical characteristics, imaging features, potential pathogenesis and treatment methods, to deepen the understanding of cerebral cavernous malformation for further individual treatment.

Key words: Hemangioma, cavernous, central nervous system, Cerebral hemorrhage, Epilepsy, Child, Review