《脊髓损伤神经修复治疗临床指南（中国版）2021》解读

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2022.08.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国神经修复学会根据近年发表的有关脊髓损伤临床治疗证据，对《脊髓损伤神经修复临床治疗指南（中国版）2016》进行修订和更新，并于2021年3月发布《脊髓损伤神经修复治疗临床指南（中国版）2021》［以下简称“中国指南（2021）”］，其内容涵盖脊髓损伤伤情评估和诊断、院前急救、治疗原则、康复训练和并发症管理等。本文拟就“中国指南（2021）”中修订和更新的内容进行解读，以为临床医师和研究人员提供治疗标准或参考。

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 康复, 指南, 中国

Abstract: According to the clinical treatment evidence of spinal cord injury (SCI) published in recent years, the Chinese Association of Neurorestoratology (Preparatory) had revised and updated the "Clinical therapeutic guideline for neurorestoration in spinal cord injury (Chinese version 2016)", and released the "Clinical guidelines for neurorestorative in spinal cord injury (2021 China version)" in March 2021. "2021 China version" provided comprehensive management strategies for SCI, which contains evaluation and diagnosis, pre-hospital first aid, treatment principle, rehabilitation training, and complication management. This paper intends to interpret the revisions and updates of the "2021 China version", and provide treatment standards or references for clinicians and researchers.

Key words: Spinal cord injuries, Rehabilitation, Guideline, China

曹宁, 封亚平, 谢佳芯. 《脊髓损伤神经修复治疗临床指南（中国版）2021》解读[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(8): 655-661.

CAO Ning, FENG Ya-ping, XIE Jia-xin. Interpretation of "Clinical guidelines for neurorestorative in spinal cord injury (2021 China version)"[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2022, 22(8): 655-661.

http://journal11.magtechjournal.com/cjcnn/CN/Y2022/V22/I8/655

参考文献

[1] GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury, 1990-2016:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18:56-87.
[2] Feng Y, Sun T, Chen L, Xie J, He X. Clinical therapeutic guideline for neurorestoration in spinal cord injury (Chinese version 2016)[J]. J Neurorestoratol, 2017, 5:73-83.
[3] Guo XD, Feng YP, Sun TS, Feng SQ, Tang JG, Chen L, Cao XJ, Lin HD, He XJ, Li MH, Zhang ZC, Yin GY, Mei XF. Clinical guidelines for neurorestorative therapies in spinal cord injury (2021 China version)[J]. J Neurorestoratol, 2021, 9:31-49.
[4] Huang HY, Raisman G, Sanberg P. Neurorestoratology[M]. New York:Nova Biomedical Publishers, 2015.
[5] Zhu F, Liu Y, Zeng L, Wang Y, Kong X, Yao S, Chen K, Jing X, Yang L, Guo X. Evaluating the severity and prognosis of acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury:a novel classification using diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion tensor tractography[J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2021, 46:687-694.
[6] Zhu F, Zeng L, Gui S, Liu Y, Wang Y, Cao X, Lin H, Yang L, Kong X, Guo X. The role of diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion tensor tractography in the assessment of acute traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injury[J]. World Neurosurg, 2021, 150:e23-30.
[7] Freund P, Seif M, Weiskopf N, Friston K, Fehlings MG, Thompson AJ, Curt A. MRI in traumatic spinal cord injury:from clinical assessment to neuroimaging biomarkers[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2019, 18:1123-1135.
[8] Fehlings MG, Martin AR, Tetreault LA, Aarabi B, Anderson P, Arnold PM, Brodke D, Burns AS, Chiba K, Dettori JR, Furlan JC, Hawryluk G, Holly LT, Howley S, Jeji T, Kalsi-Ryan S, Kotter M, Kurpad S, Kwon BK, Marino RJ, Massicotte E, Merli G, Middleton JW, Nakashima H, Nagoshi N, Palmieri K, Singh A, Skelly AC, Tsai EC, Vaccaro A, Wilson JR, Yee A, Harrop JS. A clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with acute spinal cord injury:recommendations on the role of baseline magnetic resonance imaging in clinical decision making and outcome prediction[J]. Global Spine J, 2017, 7(3 Suppl):221S-230S.
[9] Kang HQ, Zhou HJ, Liu GL, Zheng Y, Hao CX, Zhang Y, Wei B, Wang YJ, Lu XL, Yuan Y, Meng QR. Modification and interpretation of the 2019 International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury Worksheet[J]. Zhongguo Kang Fu Li Lun Yu Shi Jian, 2019, 25:983-985[.康海琼, 周红俊, 刘根林, 郑樱, 郝春霞, 张缨, 卫波, 王一吉, 逯晓蕾, 袁媛, 蒙倩茹. 脊髓损伤神经学分类国际标准检查表2019版最新修订及解读[J]. 中国康复理论与实践, 2019, 25:983- 985.]
[10] Kirshblum S, Snider B, Rupp R, Read MS; International Standards Committee of ASIA and ISCoS. Updates of the International Standards for Neurologic Classification of Spinal Cord Injury:2015 and 2019[J]. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am, 2020, 31:319-330.
[11] Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Collins WF, Holford TR, Young W, Baskin DS, Eisenberg HM, Flamm E, Leo-Summers L, Maroon J, Marshall LF, Perot PL Jr, Piepmeier J, Sonntag VKH, Wagner FC, Wilberger JE, Winn HR. A randomized, controlled trial of methylprednisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinal-cord injury:results of the Second National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study[J]. N Engl J Med, 1990, 322:1405-1411.
[12] Fehlings MG, Tetreault LA, Wilson JR, Kwon BK, Burns AS, Martin AR, Hawryluk G, Harrop JS. A clinical practice guideline for the management of acute spinal cord injury: introduction, rationale, and scope[J]. Global Spine J, 2017, 7(3 Suppl):84S-94S.
[13] Liu Z, Yang Y, He L, Pang M, Luo C, Liu B, Rong L. High - dose methylprednisolone for acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a meta-analysis[J]. Neurology, 2019, 93:e841-850.
[14] Xu D, Yang L, Li Y, Sun Y. Clinical study of ganglioside (GM) combined with methylprednisolone (MP) for early acute spinal injury[J]. Pak J Pharma Sci, 2015, 28(2 Suppl):701-704.
[15] Landi G, D'Alessandro R, Dossi BC, Ricci S, Simone IL, Ciccone A. Guillain - Barré syndrome after exogenous gangliosides in Italy[J]. BMJ, 1993, 307:1463-1464.
[16] Venkatesh K, Ghosh SK, Mullick M, Manivasagam G, Sen D. Spinal cord injury: pathophysiology, treatment strategies, associated challenges, and future implications[J]. Cell Tissue Res, 2019, 377:125-151.
[17] Tran AP, Warren PM, Silver J. The biology of regeneration failure and success after spinal cord injury[J]. Physiol Rev, 2018, 98:881-917.
[18] Ahuja CS, Wilson JR, Nori S, Kotter MRN, Druschel C, Curt A, Fehlings MG. Traumatic spinal cord injury[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2017, 3:17018.
[19] Altaf F, Griesdale DE, Belanger L, Ritchie L, Markez J, Ailon T, Boyd MC, Paquette S, Fisher CG, Street J, Dvorak MF, Kwon BK. The differential effects of norepinephrine and dopamine on cerebrospinal fluid pressure and spinal cord perfusion pressure after acute human spinal cord injury[J]. Spinal Cord, 2017, 55: 33-38.
[20] Evaniew N, Mazlouman SJ, Belley-Côté EP, Jacobs WB, Kwon BK. Interventions to optimize spinal cord perfusion in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injuries:a systematic review [J]. J Neurotrauma, 2020, 37:1127-1139.
[21] Gallagher MJ, Hogg FRA, Kearney S, Kopp MA, Blex C, Serdani L, Sherwood O, Schwab JM, Zoumprouli A, Papadopoulos MC, Saadoun S. Effects of local hypothermia - rewarming on physiology, metabolism and inflammation of acutely injured human spinal cord[J]. Sci Rep, 2020, 10:8125.
[22] Pelletier JH, Mann CH, German BT, Williams JG, Piehl M. Therapeutic systemic hypothermia for a pediatric patient with an isolated cervical spinal cord injury[J]. J Spinal Cord Med, 2020, 43:264-267.
[23] Arnaez J, Miranda M, Riñones E, García-Alix A. Whole-body cooling and erythropoietin in neonatal cervical spine injury[J]. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag, 2019, 9:159-162.
[24] Cappuccino A, Bisson LJ, Carpenter B, Snyder K, Cappuccino H. Systemic hypothermia as treatment for an acute cervical spinal cord injury in a professional football player:9-year follow- up[J]. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ), 2017, 46:E79-82.
[25] Kafka J, Lukacova N, Sulla I, Maloveska M, Vikartovska Z, Cizkova D. Hypothermia in the course of acute traumatic spinal cord injury[J]. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars), 2020, 80:172-178.
[26] Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons; Editorial Committee of the 'Evidence - based guideline for the management of acute subaxial cervical spine injury' of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons. Evidence-based guideline for the management of acute subaxial cervical spine injury[J]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi, 2018, 56:5-9.
[27] Wang YL, Zhu FZ, Zeng L, Telemacque D, Saleem Alshorman JA, Zhou JG, Xiong ZK, Sun TF, Qu YZ, Yao S, Sun TS, Feng SQ, Guo XD; Group of Spinal Injury and Functional Reconstruction, Neural Regeneration and Repair Committee, Chinese Research Hospital Association; Spinal Cord Basic Research Group, Spinal Cord Committee of Chinese Society of Rehabilitation Medicine; Spinal Cord Injury and Rehabilitation Group, Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine. Guideline for diagnosis and treatment of spine trauma in the epidemic of COVID-19[J]. Chin J Traumatol, 2020, 23:196-201.
[28] Wang Y, Zeng L, Yao S, Zhu F, Liu C, Di Laura A, Henckel J, Shao Z, Hirschmann MT, Hart A, Guo X. Recommendations of protective measures for orthopedic surgeons during COVID-19 pandemic[J]. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 2020, 28: 2027-2035.
[29] Zhu F, Yao S, Ren Z, Telemacque D, Qu Y, Chen K, Yang F, Zeng L, Guo X. Early durotomy with duroplasty for severe adult spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality: a novel concept and method of surgical decompression[J]. Eur Spine J, 2019, 28:2275-2282.
[30] Telemacque D, Zhu FZ, Ren ZW, Chen KF, Drepaul D, Yao S, Yang F, Qu YZ, Sun TF, Guo XD. Effects of durotomy versus myelotomy in the repair of spinal cord injury[J]. Neural Regen Res, 2020, 15:1814-1820.
[31] Telemacque D, Zhu F, Chen K, Chen L, Ren Z, Yao S, Qu Y, Sun T, Guo X. Method of decompression by durotomy and duroplasty for cervical spinal cord injury in patients without fracture or dislocation[J]. J Neurorestoratol, 2018, 6:158-164.
[32] Wang Y, Zhu F, Zeng L, Wang S, Liu Y, Yang L, Zhao W, Zhou Y, Wu Z, Li M, Feng Y, Shen X, Guo X. Surfer myelopathy in children: a case series study[J]. World Neurosurg, 2021, 148:e227-241.
[33] Qu YZ, Luo Z, Guo XD, Cui W, Sun TF, Huang ZF, Wu YC, Shao ZW. The durotomy or myelotomy for the spinal cord extensive swelling with/without intramedullary hemorrhage[J]. Zhonghua Gu Ke Za Zhi, 2015, 35:707-713[.曲延镇, 罗政, 郭晓东, 崔巍, 孙亭方, 黄振飞, 吴永超, 邵增务. 硬脊膜或脊髓切开减压治疗脊髓损伤后广泛水肿伴或不伴髓内血肿[J]. 中华骨科杂志, 2015, 35:707-713.]
[34] Kandziora F, Pingel A. Expert's comment concerning Grand Rounds case entitled: "Increased intrathecal pressure after traumatic spinal cord injury:an illustrative case presentation and a review of the literature" by Grassner L, Winkler PA, Strowitzki M, et al. (Eur Spine J (2016). doi:10.1007/s00586- 016-4769-9): surgical treatment of SICS (spinal intradural compartment syndrome)[J]? Eur Spine J, 2017, 26:26-27.
[35] Galipeau J, Krampera M, Barrett J, Dazzi F, Deans RJ, DeBruijn J, Dominici M, Fibbe WE, Gee AP, Gimble JM, Hematti P, Koh MB, LeBlanc K, Martin I, McNiece IK, Mendicino M, Oh S, Ortiz L, Phinney DG, Planat V, Shi Y, Stroncek DF, Viswanathan S, Weiss DJ, Sensebe L. International Society for Cellular Therapy perspective on immune functional assays for mesenchymal stromal cells as potency release criterion for advanced phase clinical trials[J]. Cytotherapy, 2016, 18:151-159.
[36] Grigorean VT, Sandu AM, Popescu M, Iacobini MA, Stoian R, Neascu C, Strambu V, Popa F. Cardiac dysfunctions following spinal cord injury[J]. J Med Life, 2009, 2:133-145.
[37] Mazensky D, Flesarova S, Sulla I. Arterial blood supply to the spinal cord in animal models of spinal cord injury:a review[J]. Anat Rec (Hoboken), 2017, 300:2091-2106.
[38] Gallagher MJ, Hogg FRA, Zoumprouli A, Papadopoulos MC, Saadoun S. Spinal cord blood flow in patients with acute spinal cord injuries[J]. J Neurotrauma, 2019, 36:919-929.
[39] Haldrup M, Dyrskog S, Thygesen MM, Kirkegaard H, Kasch H, Rasmussen MM. Initial blood pressure is important for long - term outcome after traumatic spinal cord injury[J]. J Neurosurg Spine, 2020[.Epub ahead of print]
[40] Readdy WJ, Dhall SS. Vasopressor administration in spinal cord injury: should we apply a universal standard to all injury patterns[J]? Neural Regen Res, 2016, 11:420-421.
[41] Song PW, Dong FL, Feng CC, Shen YN, Wang Y, Zhang RJ, Ge P, Shen CL. A study of predictors for hyponatraemia in patients with cervical spinal cord injury[J]. Spinal Cord, 2018, 56:84-89.
[42] Ohbe H, Koakutsu T, Kushimoto S. Analysis of risk factors for hyponatremia in patients with acute spinal cord injury: a retrospective single-institution study in Japan[J]. Spinal Cord, 2019, 57:240-246.
[43] Huang H, Young W, Skaper S, Chen L, Moviglia G, Saberi H, Al-Zoubi Z, Sharma HS, Muresanu D, Sharma A, El Masry W, Feng S; International Association of Neurorestoratology and the Chinese Association of Neurorestoratology. Clinical Neurorestorative Therapeutic Guidelines for Spinal Cord Injury (IANR/CANR version 2019)[J]. J Orthop Translat, 2019, 20:14- 24.
[44] Carlsson CA, Sundin T. Reconstruction of afferent and efferent nervous pathways to the urinary bladder in two paraplegic patients[J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1980, 5:37-41.
[45] Yang ML, Li JJ, Zhang SC, Du LJ, Gao F, Li J, Wang YM, Gong HM, Cheng L. Functional restoration of the paralyzed diaphragm in high cervical quadriplegia via phrenic nerve neurotization utilizing the functional spinal accessory nerve[J]. J Neurosurg Spine, 2011, 15:190-194.
[46] Zhou X, Liu Y, Ma J, Sui T, Ge Y, Cao X. Extradural nerve anastomosis technique for bladder reinnervation in spinal cord injury:anatomical feasibility study in human cadavers[J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2014, 39:635-641.
[47] Yang K, Chen H, Tang J, Ge D, Zhang S, Sui T, Cao X. Anatomical feasibility of extradural transferring S2 and S3 ventral roots to S1 ventral root for restoring neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury [J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2018, 43:E1046-1052.
[48] Brunelli G, von Wild K. Unsuspected plasticity of single neurons after connection of the corticospinal tract with peripheral nerves in spinal cord lesions[J]. J Korean Neurosurg Soc, 2009, 46:1-4.
[49] Yu BF, Qiu YQ, Du MX, Yin HW, Shen J, Ye X, Cai ZY, Xu WD. Contralateral hemi-fifth-lumbar nerve transfer for unilateral lower limb dysfunction due to incomplete traumatic spinal cord injury:a report of two cases[J]. Microsurgery, 2020, 40:234- 240.
[50] Ding W, Zhang S, Wu D, Zhang Y, Ye H. Hand function recovery using nerve segment insert grafting in patients with chronic incomplete lower cervical spinal cord injury: a preliminary clinical report[J]. J Neurorestoratol, 2019, 7:129- 135.
[51] Bertelli JA, Ghizoni MF. Nerve transfers for restoration of finger flexion in patients with tetraplegia[J]. J Neurosurg Spine, 2017, 26:55-61.
[52] Harkema S, Gerasimenko Y, Hodes J, Burdick J, Angeli C, Chen Y, Ferreira C, Willhite A, Rejc E, Grossman RG, Edgerton VR. Effect of epidural stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord on voluntary movement, standing, and assisted stepping after motor complete paraplegia: a case study[J]. Lancet, 2011, 377:1938-1947.
[53] Soler MD, Kumru H, Pelayo R, Vidal J, Tormos JM, Fregni F, Navarro X, Pascual-Leone A. Effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation and visual illusion on neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury[J]. Brain, 2010, 133:2565-2577.
[54] Kern H, Carraro U, Adami N, Hofer C, Loefler S, Vogelauer M, Mayr W, Rupp R, Zampieri S. One year of home-based daily FES in complete lower motor neuron paraplegia:recovery of tetanic contractility drives the structural improvements of denervated muscle[J]. Neurol Res, 2010, 32:5-12.
[55] Stabingas K, Bergman J, Patterson M, Tomycz ND. Peripheral subcutaneous field stimulation for the treatment of spinal cord injury at-level pain:case report, literature review, and 5-year follow-up[J]. Heliyon, 2020, 6:e04515.
[56] Gill M, Linde M, Fautsch K, Hale R, Lopez C, Veith D, Calvert J, Beck L, Garlanger K, Edgerton R, Sayenko D, Lavrov I, Thoreson A, Grahn P, Zhao K. Epidural electrical stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord improves trunk stability during seated reaching in two humans with severe thoracic spinal cord injury[J]. Front Syst Neurosci, 2020, 14:79.
[57] Peña Pino I, Hoover C, Venkatesh S, Ahmadi A, Sturtevant D, Patrick N, Freeman D, Parr A, Samadani U, Balser D, Krassioukov A, Phillips A, Netoff TI, Darrow D. Long-term spinal cord stimulation after chronic complete spinal cord injury enables volitional movement in the absence of stimulation[J]. Front Syst Neurosci, 2020, 14:35.
[58] Ganzer PD, Colachis SC 4th, Schwemmer MA, Friedenberg DA, Dunlap CF, Swiftney CE, Jacobowitz AF, Weber DJ, Bockbrader MA, Sharma G. Restoring the sense of touch using a sensorimotor demultiplexing neural interface[J]. Cell, 2020, 181:763-773.e12.
[59] Swank C, Almutairi S, Wang-Price S, Gao F. Immediate kinematic and muscle activity changes after a single robotic exoskeleton walking session post-stroke[J]. Top Stroke Rehabil, 2020, 27:503-515.
[60] Rojek A, Mika A, Oleksy Ł, Stolarczyk A, Kielnar R. Effects of exoskeleton gait training on balance, load distribution, and functional status in stroke:a randomized controlled trial[J]. Front Neurol, 2020, 10:1344.
[61] Shroff G. Magnetic resonance imaging tractography as a diagnostic tool in patients with spinal cord injury treated with human embryonic stem cells[J]. Neuroradiol J, 2017, 30:71-79.
[62] Zhu H, Poon W, Liu Y, Leung GK, Wong Y, Feng Y, Ng SCP, Tsang KS, Sun DTF, Yeung DK, Shen C, Niu F, Xu Z, Tan P, Tang S, Gao H, Cha Y, So KF, Fleischaker R, Sun D, Chen J, Lai J, Cheng W, Young W. Phase Ⅰ -Ⅱ clinical trial assessing safety and efficacy of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell transplant therapy of chronic complete spinal cord injury[J]. Cell Transplant, 2016, 25:1925-1943.
[63] Yang Y, Pang M, Du C, Liu ZY, Chen ZH, Wang NX, Zhang LM, Chen YY, Mo J, Dong JW, Xie PG, Wang QY, Liu B, Rong LM. Repeated subarachnoid administrations of allogeneic human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for spinal cord injury:a phase 1/2 pilot study[J]. Cytotherapy, 2021, 23:57-64.
[64] Chen HJ, Tan QJ, Xie CJ, Li C, Chen Y, Deng YE, Gan YL, Zhan WG, Zhang ZQ, Sharma A, Sharma H. Application of olfactory ensheathing cells in clinical treatment of spinal cord injury:meta-analysis and prospect[J]. J Neurorestoratol, 2019, 7:70-81.
[65] Nakhjavan-Shahraki B, Yousefifard M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Baikpour M, Nasirinezhad F, Safari S, Yaseri M, Moghadas Jafari A, Ghelichkhani P, Tafakhori A, Hosseini M. Transplantation of olfactory ensheathing cells on functional recovery and neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury; systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8:325.
[66] Iwatsuki K, Tajima F, Ohnishi Y, Nakamura T, Ishihara M, Hosomi K, Ninomiya K, Moriwaki T, Yoshimine T. A pilot clinical study of olfactory mucosa autograft for chronic complete spinal cord injury[J]. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo), 2016, 56:285-292.
[67] Badhiwala JH, Wilson JR, Witiw CD, Harrop JS, Vaccaro AR, Aarabi B, Grossman RG, Geisler FH, Fehlings MG. The influence of timing of surgical decompression for acute spinal cord injury:a pooled analysis of individual patient data[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2021, 20:117-126.
[68] Wang S, Lu J, Li YA, Zhou H, Ni WF, Zhang XL, Zhu SP, Chen BB, Xu H, Wang XY, Xiao J, Huang H, Chi YL, Xu HZ. Autologous olfactory lamina propria transplantation for chronic spinal cord injury:three-year follow-up outcomes from a prospective double-blinded clinical trial[J]. Cell Transplant, 2016, 25:141-157.
[69] Oh SK, Choi KH, Yoo JY, Kim DY, Kim SJ, Jeon SR. A phase Ⅲ clinical trial showing limited efficacy of autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy for spinal cord injury[J]. Neurosurgery, 2016, 78:436-447.
[70] Zhao Y, Tang F, Xiao Z, Han G, Wang N, Yin N, Chen B, Jiang X, Yun C, Han W, Zhao C, Cheng S, Zhang S, Dai J. Clinical study of NeuroRegen scaffold combined with human mesenchymal stem cells for the repair of chronic complete spinal cord injury[J]. Cell Transplant, 2017, 26:891-900.
[71] Xiao Z, Tang F, Zhao Y, Han G, Yin N, Li X, Chen B, Han S, Jiang X, Yun C, Zhao C, Cheng S, Zhang S, Dai J. Significant improvement of acute complete spinal cord injury patients diagnosed by a combined criteria implanted with NeuroRegen scaffolds and mesenchymal stem cells[J]. Cell Transplant, 2018, 27:907-915.
[72] Huang H, Sharma HS, Chen L, Otom A, Zoubi ZMA, Saberi H, Muresanu DF, He X. Review of clinical neurorestorative strategies for spinal cord injury:exploring history and latest progresses[J]. J Neurorestoratol, 2018, 6:171-178.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容

2 《脊髓损伤神经修复治疗临床指南（中国版）2021》解读

Interpretation of "Clinical guidelines for neurorestorative in spinal cord injury (2021 China version)"

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	王壮, 王轶钊, 丘世因, 刘源, 石巍, 巫嘉陵, 明东. 脑卒中上肢康复机器人研究进展[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2023, 23(1): 15-21.
[2]	王艳, 吴珊红, 宫子涵. 下肢外骨骼机器人系统改善脑卒中患者步行功能研究进展[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2023, 23(1): 22-28.
[3]	加潇坤, 彭冲奇, 赵振宇, 王蔚, 白红民. 脑胶质瘤WHO中枢神经系统肿瘤分类（第五版）分析：附60例报告[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(12): 1086-1093.
[4]	巫嘉陵. 神经调控技术助力康复医学发展[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 915-921.
[5]	林煜凡, 杜晓霞. 计算机辅助认知康复在脑卒中后认知障碍中的应用进展[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 922-926.
[6]	屈超华, 王婷婷, 屈云. 迷走神经刺激术治疗脑卒中后上肢运动障碍进展[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 927-931.
[7]	梅浩男, 马将, 史万英, 李红, 张俊, 陶晓琳, 赵青青, 刘煜, 李亚永, 霍建星. 基于静息态fMRI重复经颅磁刺激对低甲状腺激素水平脑卒中后认知障碍患者康复治疗效果分析[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 932-939.
[8]	张昆龙, 薛白洁, 肖玮, 孙晓龙, 王亚云, 袁华. 重复经颅磁刺激对神经病理性疼痛患者疼痛和情绪的影响[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 940-947.
[9]	王利群, 尹苗苗, 李雅晴, 崔立玲, 王宏图, 张玥. 虚拟现实技术结合小组模式训练对脑卒中后抑郁患者康复疗效研究[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 948-955.
[10]	孙志芳, 李星楼, 孙维震, 罗美玲, 王永慧. 基于功能性近红外光谱成像技术的脊髓损伤患者脑激活及脑网络改变研究[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 956-964.
[11]	张玥, 尹苗苗, 李雅晴, 王利群, 崔立玲, 王雅静, 巫嘉陵. 伴前庭症状与不伴前庭症状的脑卒中患者步行与静态站立特征分析[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2022, 22(11): 965-972.
[12]	杨学军, 吴浩强, Daniel J. Brat. 世界卫生组织中枢神经系统肿瘤分类：神经肿瘤专业医师堪与之厮守终生的学问[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2021, 21(9): 705-709.
[13]	杨学军, 江涛, 陈忠平, 于士柱. 世界卫生组织中枢神经系统肿瘤分类的演变：1979-2021年[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2021, 21(9): 710-724.
[14]	于圣平, 明浩朗, 任炳成, 林雨, 张辰, 李涛, 杨学军. 世界卫生组织中枢神经系统肿瘤分类第一版至第四版修订版提要[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2021, 21(9): 725-745.
[15]	杨学军, 尹洪芳, 李智, 于士柱. 2021年世界卫生组织中枢神经系统肿瘤分类（第五版）简表中译版及说明[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2021, 21(9): 746-750.

模态框（Modal）标题

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容

2 《脊髓损伤神经修复治疗临床指南（中国版）2021》解读

Interpretation of "Clinical guidelines for neurorestorative in spinal cord injury (2021 China version)"

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价