摘要： 目的 探讨帕金森病嗅觉障碍辅助诊断卡（KinPamor）在帕金森病患者嗅觉功能评估中的作用。方法 纳入2018年10月至2021年3月宁夏医科大学总医院和香港大学深圳医院收治的66例原发性帕金森病患者，采用阿根廷嗅觉减退评定量表和KinPamor诊断卡评估嗅觉功能，并分析KinPamor诊断卡中12种气味的错误率，多因素线性逐步回归分析探究KinPamor诊断卡评分与各项临床资料的线性数量关系。结果 经KinPamor诊断卡诊断嗅觉障碍的发生率为92.42%（61/66），高于阿根廷嗅觉减退评定量表的25.76%（17/66；χ²=40.333，P=0.000）。KinPamor诊断卡中12种气味的错误率差异有统计学意义（χ²=52.049，P=0.000），其中大蒜气味错误率低于香蕉（P=0.000）、苹果（P=0.049）、大料/八角茴香（P=0.049）、玫瑰（P=0.000）、柠檬（P=0.000）、薄荷（P=0.049）、树脂/松香（P=0.000）、樟脑（P=0.000）、木头（P=0.000）等气味。多因素线性逐步回归分析显示，年龄每增加1岁，KinPamor诊断卡评分下降0.077（P=0.031），而男性、病程、吸烟、简易智能状态检查量表（MMSE）评分、统一帕金森病评价量表第三部分（UPDRSⅢ）评分与KinPamor诊断卡评分不存在线性数量关系。结论 KinPamor诊断卡筛查帕金森病嗅觉障碍简单易行，可作为帕金森病早期诊断的辅助手段；除大蒜气味易识别外，未发现帕金森病患者对KinPamor诊断卡中其他气味有选择性嗅觉障碍。

关键词: 帕金森病, 嗅觉障碍, 线性模型

Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of Ofactory Test of Parkinson's Disease (KinPamor) in the evaluation of olfactory function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods From October 2018 to March 2021, 66 patients with PD diagnosed in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University and The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital were selected. Olfactory function was evaluated by Argentine Hyposmia Rating Scale and KinPamor, positive rate was compared between these two tests. The error rate of each odor in KinPamor was analyzed. Multifactor linear stepwise regression was used to analyze the linear quantitative relationship between KinPamor score and clinical data. Results The incidence of olfactory dysfunction in 66 PD patients was 92.42% (61/66) using KinPamor, higher than 25.76% (17/66) using Argentine Hyposmia Rating Scale (χ²=40.333, P=0.000). The difference in error rate of 12 odors of KinPamor was statistically significant (χ²=52.049, P=0.000). Error rate of garlic odor was lower than the other 9 odors, banana (P=0.000), apple (P=0.049), aniseed (P=0.049), rose (P=0.000), lemon (P=0.000), mint (P=0.049), resin (P=0.000), camphor (P=0.000) and wood (P=0.000). Multifactor linear stepwise regression showed KinPamor score decreased by 0.077 points for every increasing year of age (P=0.031). There was no linear regression relationship between male, disease course, smoking, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Ⅲ (UPDRS Ⅲ) score and KinPamor score. Conclusions KinPamor is a simple and convenient tool to screening olfactory dysfunction in PD patients, which can be used as an auxiliary test for early diagnosis of PD. Except for easily recognition of garlic odor, selective hyposmia was not found by KinPamor in PD patients.

Key words: Parkinson disease, Olfaction disorders, Linear models