摘要：

人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）是一种感染人类免疫系统的慢病毒，可以使感染者罹患获得性免疫缺陷综合征（亦称艾滋病），大部分HIV 感染患者需终身行高效抗逆转录病毒治疗。缺血性卒中是HIV 感染的主要神经系统并发症，有多种发病机制，如机会性感染、心源性栓塞、HIV 感染相关血管病变、凝血功能障碍等。本文结合近年HIV 感染致缺血性卒中的发病机制和研究进展，拟对每种病因分型可能的发病机制进行总结。

关键词: 卒中, 脑缺血, HIV, 综述

Abstract:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a kind of lentivirus that infects the human immune system and could cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Most patients with HIV infection will require lifelong treatment with combined highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Ischemic stroke has emerged as a particularly significant neurological complication of HIV infection. A variety of mechanisms has been postulated, including opportunistic infections, cardioembolism (CE), HIV -associated vasculopathy and coagulation disorders. By summarizing the latest literatures, this article will review the pathogenesis of HIV-related ischemic stroke, so as to improve the understanding of this disease.

Key words: Stroke, Brain ischemia, HIV, Review