摘要：

近年来胶质瘤病理学和影像学诊断均有显著进展。胶质瘤分级和分子遗传学标志物既是重要的预后预测因素，又可以指导治疗策略的制定。本文主要介绍应用扩散加权成像、扩散张量成像、扩散峰度成像、动态对比增强磁共振成像、灌注成像和磁共振波谱等新型MRI技术进行胶质瘤分级和分子遗传学标志物检测方面的新进展。分子遗传学标志物联合上述新型MRI技术可以更精确地对胶质瘤进行诊断和分级，并无创性检测胶质瘤分子特征，从而提高对患者预后评价的准确性，更好地指导个体化治疗。

关键词: 神经胶质瘤, 生物学标记, 磁共振成像, 综述

Abstract:

The pathological and imaging diagnosis of glioma has significantly evolved in recent years. Glioma grading, together with a number of molecular genetic biomarkers, has been recognized as an important prognostic and predictive factor, which can also guide the treatment strategy of glioma. This article highlights the research progress of MRI for noninvasively grading and molecular characterization of gliomas, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The multiparametric imaging data analysis could improve imaging diagnosis, introduce the potential to noninvasively detect underlying molecular features of glioma, finally improve the accuracy of prognosis prediction and guide the individual-based treatment for glioma patients.

Key words: Glioma, Biological markers, Magnetic resonance imaging, Review