摘要： 脑卒中后营养支持可以明显改善脑卒中患者由于认知功能障碍、吞咽障碍、瘫痪、感觉运动障碍、视野缺损等原因导致的营养不良。但不规范的营养支持也可以导致肺感染、尿路感染等疾病增加。随着近年对肠内肠外营养支持研究的深入，越来越多的学者开始关注营养支持过程中胃肠道功能的评价和维护。为统一和规范脑卒中患者的营养管理，本文对脑卒中患者营养评定和胃肠功能评价常用方法进行综述，以期推动中国脑卒中患者营养管理体系的建立和完善。

关键词: 卒中, 营养支持, 综述

Abstract: Malnutrition is common after stroke, usually caused by cognitive disorder, dysphagia, paralysis, sensorimotor disability and visual field defect. Many researches indicate that the initiation of early enteral nutrition in stroke patients would own enormous clinical benefits, including a decrease in the risk of death and infectious diseases, shorter hospital stay and lower health expenditure. However, irregular nutrition management could increase the incidence of hypostatic pneumonia and urinary tract infection. Therefore, both European Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ESPEN) and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) recommended that nutrition screening and assessment and nutrition support be initiated as soon as possible, preferably within 24 h of hospital admission, to improve clinical outcomes. Chinese neurologists and patients have accepted this concept and have done many worthful studies in the past few years. This paper summarized the common methods of nutrition assessment and measurement of interstinal barrier function, in order to monitor the nutritional status of stroke patients, and push the establishment and improvement of nutrition support system for stroke patients in China.

Key words: Stroke, Nutritional support, Review