摘要： 经过半个多世纪的发展，颈动脉内膜切除术已成为治疗颈动脉狭窄、预防缺血性卒中的金标准手术技术。但是对于颈动脉内膜切除术与颈动脉支架成形术的选择、手术前后认知功能的变化、补片与转流管的应用，以及性别对围手术期和术后并发症的影响等尚存争议，有待更多的大样本前瞻性随机对照试验进一步阐明。

关键词: 颈动脉内膜切除术, 综述

Abstract: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) has already become the golden standard prophylactic treatment for carotid artery stenosis and ischemic stroke in recent half century. The influence of selection between CEA and carotid artery stenting (CAS), changes in cognition after surgery, use of patch and shunt and gender difference on perioperative period and postoperative complications remains unclear. More prospective randomized controlled trials with big sample sizes are needed in the future.

Key words: Endarterectomy, carotid, Review