摘要： 病毒性肝炎可伴发周围神经病变，其中乙型肝炎患者主要表现为以脱髓鞘病变为主的周围神经损害，乙型肝炎病毒感染引起的免疫功能异常为其主要发病机制；而丙型肝炎患者大多伴发轴索性周围神经病，发病机制与冷球蛋白血症和血管炎有关；另外一些患者则由抗病毒药物治疗而诱发周围神经损害。对于肝炎伴发周围神经病的治疗，建议在积极治疗原发病变的基础上，应用免疫调节治疗。

关键词: 肝炎, 病毒, 人, 周围神经系统疾病, 综述

Abstract: Peripheral neuropathy associated with viral hepatitis may manifest polyneuropathy and mononeuropathy. The most frequently reported peripheral neuropathy in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients is demyelinating neuropathy and pathogenesis probably relates to immune abnormalities. Axonal neuropathy is more common in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients. Pathogenesis relates to mixed cryoglobulinemia and vasculitis. In some cases, antiviral therapy may induce nerve damage. Although there are no definite treatment guidelines, immunomodulating agents are most often used with favorable outcomes.

Key words: Hepatitis, viral, human, Peripheral nervous system diseases, Review