Table of Content

05 December 2011, Volume 31 Issue 12

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The changes of gastric emptying and gastric myenteric neurons in rats with IBS with constipation

2011, 31(12):  1301-1304. 

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Objective Overlapping syndrome is a common condition for functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs), the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not clear. The aim of this study is to evaluate gastric emptying rates and changes of gastric myenteric neurons in rat models with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation(IBS-C). Methods Rat models with IBS-C were established by stomach irritation with ice-water daily for 14-days. The gastric emptying rate was detected with phenol red. Double staining with immunohistofluorescence with anti-Hu antibody and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) or nitric oxide synthases (NOS) was applied with gastric transverse section preparations to evaluate the proportion of specific neurons in myenteric plexus of the distal stomach. Results The gastric emptying rate at 15min after gastric gavage increased significantly in IBS-C rats comparing to control(P＜0.05). The proportion of ChAT immunoreactive(ChAT-IR) neurons in myenteric plexus of distal stomach was higher in IBS-C rats than control group(79.0% ± 2.4% vs 68.3% ± 1.0%, P＜0.05), while the proportion of NOS-IR neurons decreased significantly in IBS-C rats (18.9% ± 5.0% vs 33.1% ± 4.5%, P＜0.001). Conclusions Considering with the changes of myenteric neurons as well as the gastric emptying rate in IBS-C rat model, enteric nervous system might play an important role in the pathogenesis of IBS-C and functional dyspepsia. This study provides a new insight on understanding the underlying mechanisms for FGIDs overlap syndrome.

Evaluation of methods of gastrointestinal autonomic function tests in healthy subject

2011, 31(12):  1305-1308. 

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Abstract: Objective To evaluate gut autonomic function tests in healthy subjects and its significance. Methods Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis and standard cardiac autonomic test were performed before and after test meal in HS (n=18), separately. Results (1) Though heart rate increased significantly, there was no difference between pre and postprandial autonomic function by standard autonomic test in HS. (2) Sympathetic to parasympathetic balance increased (p<0.05) and parasympathetic function decreased (p<0.01) after test meal by HRV analysis in HS. Conclusion Test meal combined with cardiac autonomic function test might help to reflect gastrointestinal autonomic nerve function. HRV analysis combined with test meal might be batter than standard cardiac autonomic test.

BRE gene over-expression of neural tube promote the formation and differentiation of somites

2011, 31(12):  1309-1313. 

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Abstract Objective: To investigate the role of BRE gene expressed in neural tube on early somites development of chicken embryos. Methods: The general experimental procedure in the following: The microinjection was performed to introduce BRE gene plasmid into the HH10 neural tube of chicken embryo. Subsequently in vivo electroporation method was carried on to transfect BRE-GFP gene in hemi-neural tube, while another side of the nueral tube and somites acted as the control side. And then overnight incubation were applied for those transfected embryos. Finally In situ hybridization and immunofluorescence were employed to check the gene expression and the somites development in both sides. Results: BRE gene express in neural plate, neural tube and somite, indicating it might act as modulator in the neurulation and somitogenesis. Surprisedly over-expression of BRE gene resulted in accelerating the formation and differentiation of somites rather than significant phenotype in neural tube, which was dramatically demonstrated by dorsal neural tube and somite marker, PAX7 expression after comparing the BRE-GFP hemi-neural tube transfection with the control side. FGF8 is a well-known gene involved in segmentation during embryonic development, however no FGF-8 abnormal expression appeared after over-expressing BRE. Conclusion: The over-expression of BRE gene can promote the formation and differentiation of somites, which suggests that the mechanism might relevent to PAX7.

Radiosensitizative effect of MnSOD and BSO on esophageal cell

2011, 31(12):  1314-1319. 

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【Abstract】Objective To explore effect of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) overexpression on rediosensitivity in the esophageal cancer cell line in action of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). Methods Overexpression of MnSOD cDNA by lentivirus to get stable transfected TE-1 cell lines of MnSOD overexpression (TE-1Mm). Reverse transcription polymerase chine reaction (RT-PCR）and Western blot were then introduced to detect the target gene with respect to its expression in esophageal TE-1 cells. Plating efficiency was also conducted as to the influence of MnSOD overexpression that might be found on TE-1 cells proliferation. Colorimetric 3-[4,5-dimethy thiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay, flow cytometry and western blot were also conducted as to the influence of the MnSOD overexpression that might be found on proliferation of TE-1 cells treated with BSO and radiation. Results: RT-PCR and Western blot showed that TE-1 cells transfected with MnSOD contained the target genes in overexpression. Plating efficiency was reduced in the MnSOD overexpression transfected cell line and decreased the plating efficiency to 23.0±2.7%. While, the TE-1 cell had a higher plating efficiency (34.7±4.2%). Furthermore, apparent apoptosis of TE-1Mm cell induced by transfected moderate MnSOD cDNA (10.6±1.0%) was indicated by Annexin V-FITC/PI staining compared to TE-1 cell (2.6±0.2%). Moreover, in multitarget single-hit model-fitting survival curves, the values of D0, Dq, N, and SER in TE-1Mm cell lines were less than in TE-1 cell. FCM results indicated that TE-1Mm of reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence index were 0.81±0.04 compared to TE-1 cell (1.00±0.06). Western blot demonstrated that TE-1Mm had a higher MnSOD protein expression than those of TE-1 treated with BSO and radiation. Conclusion MnSOD overexpression could increase the radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer cell by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing cell apoptosis and decreasing ROS concention in combination with BSO.

Inhibiting effects of Sophoridine of NF-κB induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophages in RAW264.7 macrophages

2011, 31(12):  1320-1325. 

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Abstract:Objective This paper aimed at observing the effect of Sophoridine on the expression of IKKβ, IκBα, NF-κB P65 and TNF-α induced by LPS in RAW264.7 macrophages and explore its anti-endotoxin mechanism. Method: The macrophage line RAW264.7 was cultivated and divided into following four groups as control group, Sophoridine control group, LPS group and Sophoridine intervention group. We first put LPS 100μg/L into Sophoridine intervention group for a hour , then remove LPS and add Sophoridine 15.63 mg/L to incubate for 5, 30, 60 and 120minutes respectively to obtain the cells and culture solution. Use RT-PCR technology and Western Blot to detect the mRNA and protein expression . Measure of TNF –α content of supernatant by using Radioimmunoassay (RIA). Result: IKKβ , pIκBα , NF-κB P65 mRNA and /or protein and TNF–α expression in LPS group were higher than control group (P < 0.01) . Sophoridine intervene group above factor mRNA and /or protein and TNF–α expression are dropped significantly compared with LPS group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: It is one of the Sophoridine anti-endotoxin mechanisms that Sophoridine regulate the expression of IKKβ、IκBα、NF-κB P65 of NF-κB pathway , activated by LPS in macrophages，, then inhibit the secretion of downstream TNF – α..

Inhibition of Profilin-1 Expression and Cell Proliferation by Recombinant ACE2 in Human Umbilical Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells

2011, 31(12):  1326-1329. 

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Abstract: Objective:To investigate the effects of the recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2（rACE2）gene on Profilin-1 expression and cell proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cell. Methods: The cultured human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells (HUASMC) were stimulated by Ang II in the presence and absence of rACE2 gene, the HUASMC proliferation and Profilin-1 expression level were determined with MTT, real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively. Results: Compared with the control, Profilin-1 expression were significantly increased in HUASMC (3.50±0.30 vs. 1.00±0.10; n=5~6, P<0.05) by stimulating with Ang II（100 nmol /L）for 6 hours, which were inhibited by rACE2 gene intervention (1.73±0.12 vs. 3.50±0.30; n=5~6, P<0.05）. Conclusion: ACE2 gene over-expression contributes to the reversion of the Ang II- induced Profilin-1 expression and proliferation in human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells.

TRAIL modulates splenocyte Th1/Th2 cytokines profile of CIA mice

2011, 31(12):  1330-1334. 

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Abstract：Objective To investigate the effect of TRAIL on CIA mice and its possible mechanism. Methods CIA was induced in DBA/1J mice with bovine type II collagen and Freund’s adjuvant. AAV-TRAIL particles were injected intra-articularly into knee joints of the mice. Th1/Th2 cytokines were detected by CBA method. Results The intra-articular injection of AAV-TRAIL reduced the severity of joint swelling in the CIA mice. And TRAIL inhibited Th1 cytokines release of splenocyte from CIA mice, but did not influence Th2 cytokines release. Conclusion TRAIL inhibited Th1 cytokines release was perhaps involved in anti-arthritis effect of TRAIL.

Effect of cerebral ischemic preconditioning on the the expression of Nestin around infarct area in rats

2011, 31(12):  1341-1345. 

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To investigate the expression of Nestin in the ischemic tolerance induced by focal cerebral ischemic preconditioning. Methods Cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP) was induced by intraluminal filament middle cerebral artery for 20 min. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced by intraluminal filament for 2h, 72h after IP. Forty five male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (5 in each group): sham operation group did not receive any treatment, MCAO group only received sham surgery and 2h MCAO followed by 6h ,24h,72h reperfusion respectively,and CIP group received simple 20 min ischemic preconditioning and the same second procedure. At end of reperfusion the infarct volume was measured by TTC staining, and the expression of Nestin was detected by immunohistochemistry in each group. Results The infarct volume of CIP group was significantly less than that of MCAO (P<0.05)at 24h, 72h after reperfusion. The rate of Nestin positive cells in the brain of MCAO group was significantly lower than that in the CIP group at 24h, 72h after reperfusion (P<0.05)，meanwhile，the expressions of nestin protein in the ischemic cerebral hemispherewere analyzed with Western blotting was consistent with above-mentioned tendency.Conclusion Focal cerebral ischemic preconditioning can upregulate the expression of intermediate filament（Nestin）, which might be associated with the mechanism of BIT.

Ducosahexaenoic acid reduces the cerebral cortical neurons injury induced by β-amyloid-peptide 25-35 in rats

2011, 31(12):  1346-1350. 

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Abstact: Objective To observe the protection of Ducosahexaenoic acid（DHA）on primary culture cortical neurons exposed to amyloid beta protein 25-35. Methods The newborn Wistar rat cortical neurons were primarily cultured, then treated with DHA of different dose（20、50、100μmol/L） and aggregated Aβ25-35（25μmol/L）. CCK-8（Cell Counting Kit-8）staining was used to detect the survival rate of cortical neurons, and LSCM （laser-scanning confocal imaging system）was used to detect the changes of intracellular free calcium concentration in neurons labeled with the fluorescent dye Fluo-3/AM. Results 1）Compared with control group, the survival rate of cortical neurons was decreased in Aβgroup （31± 6 ％，n=8,　p＜0.05）, intracellular free calcium concentration in Aβgroup was elevated（249±12 ％，n=8, p＜0.05）; 2）incubation with DHA attenuated the decrease in the survival rate of cortical neurons and the increase in intracellular free calcium concentration induced by amyloid beta protein 25-35. Conclusions：1） Calcium overloading induced by amyloid beta protein 25-35 might be the main neurotoxicity effect ; 2）DHA could partly decrease calcium overloading induced by amyloid beta protein 25-35, which might be the important dmechanism of DHA attenuating the neurotoxicity effect.

The Observation of Primary Therapeutic Effect of Arsenic Trioxide Treated Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis

2011, 31(12):  1351-1357. 

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Objective This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of ATO treated EAU in rats. Methods EAU models were induced in 25 SPF female Lewis rats aged 6 weeks by the injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein(IRBP)to planta and ATO was administrated by intraperitoneal injection at a does of 5 mg/(kg•d)、2mg/(kg•d) or 0.5mg/(kg•d) respectively for 15 days in 5 model rats,and 2 mg/(kg•d) of cyclosporine A(CsA) was used at the same way in CsA group,and normal saline solution was injected in 5 model rats as positive control group.EAU was assessed under the slitlamp biomicroscopy every day and histological score of retinas was evaluated on day 15 after immunization. Weight of rats of all groups were recorded before and after experiment. The infiltration of T-bet+Th1 cells and FOXP3+Treg cells was detected by immunochemistry. Results The congestion of iris vessels,fibrous exudates and retroiridal hypopyon were found in the rats of ATO 0.5mg/(kg•d) group and normal saline solution．However，mild inflammatory response at ocular anterior segment was seen in the rats from CsA group and ATO 5mg/(kg•d) group under the slim lamp．The obvious congestion of iris vessel，fibrous exudates and mild retroiridal hypopyon are found in the rat of ATO2mg/(kg•d) . The clinical score was significantly lower in ATO 5mg/(kg•d) 、ATO 2mg/(kg•d) and CsA group compared with normal saline solution group(P =0.000、P =0.004 and P =0.008), The clinical score was significantly lower in ATO 5mg/(kg•d) compared with ATO 2mg/(kg•d)（P =0.046）. The retinal histopathological score showed significant difference among CsA group、ATO 5mg/(kg•d)、ATO 2mg/(kg•d) group and normal saline solution group(F=31.75，P =0.000) . The histopathological score was significantly lower in CsA group、ATO 5mg/(kg•d) and ATO 2mg/(kg•d) group compared with normal saline solution group(P =0.000、P =0.000 and P =0.000).There were no significant difference among the weight of all groups after experiment( P >0.05). The exudation of T-bet+Th1 cells was apparently decreased in 5mg ATO group，2mg ATO group and CsA group in comparison with normal saline solution group，and the numbers of FOXP3+Treg cells in retina were similar in all groups. Conclusion Intraperitoneal injection of ATO 5mg/(kg•d) is effective in suppressing the ongoing process of EAU by inhibiting infiltration of T-bet+Th1

The expression of ACTH-receptor in sub-clinical adrenocortical neoplasm and its clinical significance

2011, 31(12):  1358-1362. 

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Abstract:Objective To analyze different expression levels of ACTH-R in different adrenocortical neoplasms （ANs），and to compare the difference between sub-clinical Cortisol-producing adenoma（sub-CPA） with other ANs. Methods Detect the expression of ACTH-R and internal-reference β-actin mRNA in different ANs tissues through Real time PCR, compare the different expression of ACTH-R mRNA in different tissues, and make correlation analysis on ACTH-R expression in ANs. Results ACTH-R mRNA ratio was 0.961±0.164, 0.845±0.386, 0.636±0.104, 1.242±0.372, and 1.297±0.228 in normal adrenal cortex（NC）, aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), cortisol-producing adenoma (CPA), sub-Clinical Cortisol-producing adenoma（sub-CPA）, and Adrenal nonfunctional adenoma（NFA） respectively. ACTH-R mRNA expression was significantly higher in NFA and sub-CPA than in normal adrenal cortex, APA and CPA (P<0.01), was significantly lower in CPA than in other groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Endocrine function of sub-clinical Cortisol-producing adenoma was low, different expression of ACTH-R may be one of factors.

Comparison between the Index of Consciousness and the Bispectral Index during Propofol Target-controlled Infusion Anaesthesia Induction

2011, 31(12):  1363-1365. 

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Objective To compare a new level of consciousness monitor, called the index of consciousness (IOC) with the bispectral index (BIS) during propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) anaesthesia induction. Methods After ethical committee approval and written patient consent, data from 30 patients were recorded. All patients were induced with propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI), until the Observer’s Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (OAAS) scale level 1 was reached, and then IOC and BIS were calculated during OAAS 5~1. Results IOC (0.988, P<0.001) and BIS (0.986, P<0.001) positively correlated with OAAS, while IOC positively correlated with BIS (0.997, P<0.001). Conclusions IOC has the good correlation with BIS during propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) anaesthesia induction.

Correlation between AMPKα2 subunit gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus, adiponectin and resistin

2011, 31(12):  1366-1370. 

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【Abstract】Objective: To study the genotype distribution of a single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) rs-2796516(G>A) in 5’-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) alpha-2 subunit gene in gansu area. To investigate the association between AMPKα2 subunit gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), insulin resistance(IR) and plasma resistin and adiponectin. Methods: In this study, 188 patientes with T2DM(case group) and 106 healthy persons(control group) from gansu area were enrolled. A SNP rs-2796516(G>A) in AMPKα2 subunit gene was genotyped in all the subjects enrolled using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP). ELISA technique were employed to determine the plasma adiponectin and resistin concentration. At the same time the fasting blood glucose, insulin and blood lipid were detected. Results: (1)There was polymorphism of AMPK-rs2796516 in both T2DM and normal subjects. There was significant difference of genotype constituent ratio and A allele frequency in two groups. (2) In case group, AMPKα2 subunit gene polymorphism were significantly related to insulin resistance, blood lipid and the concentration of plasma adiponectin and resistin. Compared with GG and GA group, the concentration of serum TG, TCH, LDL, resistin were higher in AA group, the concentration of serum adiponectin was lower in AA group. Conclusion: The polymorphism of AMPK-rs2796516 G/A was revelant with T2DM. It was presumed that A allele maybe the risk gene of T2DM. There was significant association between the polymorphism of AMPK-rs2796516 and the concentration of plasma adiponectin and resistin. Adiponectin and resistin took part in the onset of IR and T2DM through AMPK pathways.

Effects of enalapril on the expression of cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in spontaneously hypertensive rats

2011, 31(12):  1371-1375. 

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Objective To investigate the cardiac expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) and ACE2 in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the effects of enalapril on them, and to thereby explore the role played by ACE and ACE2. Methods Fifteen SHR were randomly assigned to two groups: SHR control group（n=7）which were treated with vehicle and enalapril group（n=8）which were treated with enalapril (15mg.kg-1.d-1).The treatment lasted for 4 weeks. After the treatment, the rats were killed and the left ventricle was dissected carefully. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and western blot protein staining were performed to detect the expression of mRNA and protein of ACE and ACE2 respectivlely. Ten WKY rats surved as the normotensive control group which were also treated with vehicle.Results In SHR, when compared with the normotensive WKY, the cardiac expression of both mRNA and protein of ACE in SHR was obviously increased(1.68±0.34 vs 0.33±0.12, P<0.05;1.21±0.14 vs 0.71±0.11, P<0.05), whereas the cardiac levels of both mRNA and protein of ACE2 were significantly decreaed(0.50±0.15 vs 1.16±0.24, P<0.05; 0.71±0.24 vs 1.22±0.14, P<0.05). After treatment with enalapril,the expression of both ACE mRNA and ACE protein was obviously decreased(0.44±0.19 vs 1.68±0.34, P<0.01; 0.87±0.13 vs 1.21±0.14, P<0.05) and the expression of ACE2 mRNA significantly elevated (1.77±0.49 vs 0.50±0.15,P<0.05), but ACE2 protein remained unchanged (0.42±0.22 vs 0.71±0.24, P>0.05).Conclusion In SHR, the expression of cardiac ACE was remarkably increased, whereas ACE2 was notably decreased.These changes might contribute to the initiation and progression of hypertension in SHR. Enalapril could markedly reduce the expression of ACE and elevate the level of ACE2, and these effects on ACE and ACE2 might play parts in the antihypertensive function of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEI).

Genomic DNA of CCC-HPF-2 cell as reference standards for STR profiling

2011, 31(12):  1376-1382. 

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Abstract: Objective To establish and identify a cell line originated from Chinese as reference standards for STR profiling and to establish reference STR-cell bank. Methods The cell morphology of various passages were observed under microscope. The expression of Vimentin and CK was detected immuno- cytochemically. The karyotype were analysed. Contamination of mycoplasma and the species origination of the cell line were checked by PCR. The stability and balance of STR profiling was analysed. Results The cell is fibroblast. The expression of Vimentin is positive, CK is negative. No contamination of mycoplasma was detected. The cell originates from human. All the 15 STR loci were well amplified and demonstrate good balance. STR profiling is completely identical among various passages. Conclusions under 30 passage DNA from these cells can be used as reference standards for STR profiling. These cells were banked as sources of reference DNA standards for STR analysis.

The expression of Annexin Ⅴ in hypoxic trophoblast cells

Hong XIN

2011, 31(12):  1383-1386. 

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Objective To detect the expression of Annexin Ⅴ in hypoxic trophoblast cells including in vivo and in vitro and explore the signifiance. Methods The expression of annexin Ⅴin hypoxic trophoblast cells was detected by hypoxic cell culture, immunohistochemistry method, flow cytometry, and its effects on blood coagulation. Results (1) The expression of AnnexinⅤ decreased in trophoblast cell culture in vitro in hypoxia. (2) The expression of AnnexinⅤ also decreased in trophoblast cells in vivo in hypoxia (preeclampsia placenta).(3) With the increase of the concentration of Annexin Ⅴ, peripheral coagulation markers were observed clinical variation in vitro. Conclusion The expression of Annexin Ⅴin trophoblast cells in hypoxic was significantly reduced, which may affect placental function, and lead to a variety of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Renal histopathologic characteristics of antiphoslipid antibody-associated nephropathy in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2011, 31(12):  1387-1391. 

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Abstract：Objective To investigate the renal histopathologic characteristics of antiphoslipid antibody-associated nephropathy(APLN) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus(SLE) . Methods Data of 155 cases of SLE admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2000 to 2005 was reviewed. Kidney biopsy was performed on all of these patients. Using retrospective analysis, we investigated the APLN and APLN-like renal histopathologic characteristics and its correlation with antiphsolipid antibody(APL). Two groups including APL positive group(37 cases, 23.9％) and APL negative group(118 cases, 76.1％) were compared. Results APLN and APLN-Like renal histopathologic lesions were found in 55/155(35.5%) cases of patients with SLE. 46 cases of included fibrous intimal hyperplasia (29.7％), 12 cases of fibrous and/or fibrocelluar occlusions of arteries and arterioles（7.7％）, 3 cases of focal cortical atrophy（1.9%）and 8 cases of tubular thyroidization（5.2％） were showed in all 46/155(29.7%) cases of chronic APLN and APLN-like lesion. Acute APLN and APLN-like lesions(thrombotic microangiopathy) were detected in 14 cases(9.0%). APLN and APLN-like renal histopathologic lesions of were found in 23/37(62.1%) cases in APL positive group and 32/118(27.1%) cases in APL negative group. The incidence of total renal histopathologic lesions (62.1% vs 27.1%) and its chronic and acute lesions in APL positive group were all significantly higher than in APL negative group by logistic regression（P value were all <0.05）. Conclusions High incidence of renal histopathologic lesions of APLN was found in SLE patients. The lesions were high correlated with APL.

The effect of omapatrilat on endothelin-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in neonatal rats

2011, 31(12):  1392-1393. 

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Abstract：Aim To investigate omapatrilat on endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in neonatal rats. Methods Isolated and cultured cardiomyocyte of neonatal Sprague-Danley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: control, ET-1, OMA, ET-1＋OMA,ET-1＋OMA＋L-NAME and ET-1＋OMA＋HS-142-1. Nitric Oxide synthetase (NOS) activity was measured by Spectrophotometry. Intracellular cyclic GMP (cGMP) were measured by radioimmunoassay. [3H]-leu incorporation and PKC activity were evaluated by scintillation. Results Compared with the control group, 10-6mol/L ET-1 significantly increased the surface area, the activity of PKC and [3H]-leu incorporation of cardiomyocyte, decreased the activity of NOS and cGMP content (P < 0.01 for all); 10-7 mol/L OMA inhibited the above effects of ET-1 on cardiomyocyte (P < 0.01 v.s ET-1). L-NAME, HS-142-1 partially blocked the inhibitory effects of OMA ( P < 0.05). Conclusion The NO/cGMP and PKC may partially mediate the antiproliferation action of OMA in ET-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

Relationship between nuclear factor-kappa B and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in elderly patients with cerebral infarction and their roles in atherosclerosis

2011, 31(12):  1394-1395. 

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Abstract: Objective　To investigate the relationship between nuclear factor-kappa B( NF-кB ) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1( MCP-1) in elderly patients with cerebral infarction and their roles in atherosclerosis. Methods By DSA examination, 72 elderly patients with cerebral infarction combined carotid artery stenosis were involved in the study. The light stenosis was seen in 33 cases, the middle stenosis was seen in 24 cases, the heavy stenosis was seen in 15 cases. 38 healthy people without Cerebrovascular Disease were adopted as control group. NF-кB DNA binding activity was measured by Trans- AM transcription factor assay kits . The levels of serum MCP-1 were detected by ELISA. We have analyzed correlation between NF-кB, MCP-1, blood glucose and blood fat. Results The activity of NF-кB and the levels of serum MCP-1 in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group( P<0.01). There are significant difference in the activity of NF-кB and the levels of serum MCP-1 in the different stenosis groups( P<0.01). The activity of NF-кB and the levels of serum MCP-1 in cerebral infarction group increased with the progression of carotid artery stenosis. The correlation analysis results showed that there was positive correlation between NF-кB and MCP-1（r=0.72，P<0.01）,and there was also positive correlatio between NF-кB and blood glucose,（r=0.58，P<0.01） in cerebral infarction groups. Conclusion The results indicate that the complicated interaction between NF-кB and MCP-1 may involved in inflammatory reaction mechanism of atherosclerosis. The simultaneous determination of NF-кB and MCP-1 could have am important significance to evaluate risk of cerebral infarction.

corticotropin releasing factor and irritable bowel syndrome——from bench to bedside

2011, 31(12):  1396-1399. 

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Advances in therapy of postoperative ileus

Ying-chao GU Jian-chun YU

2011, 31(12):  1400-1401. 

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Postoperative ileus occurs predominantly in patients after abdominal procedures. Mechanical obstruction should be excluded before definitive diagnosis. Treatment strategies consist of early enteral nutrition，anti-inflammation，somatostatin，fewer opioids and administration of peripheral μ-opioid antagonist.

The development of research of Metastasis-Associated Gene in human cancer

2011, 31(12):  1406-1409. 

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Abstract: MTA is a gene family closely related with carcinogenesis and cancer progression whose member overexpressed in a wide range of human cancers. According to many studies recently, MTA may be one of main regulatory molecules in the procession of carcinogenesis and progression. This review is about the new development of research of MTA and its clinical application in the future.

New threads of PBL teaching in basic medicine

Hong-Cheng ZHU

2011, 31(12):  1410-1412. 

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PBL teaching can be combianed with TBL, LBL and bilingual education to adjust to the medical education situations in China nowadays. Measures such as adding the team concept into PBL teaching, keeping reasonable allocation of time of traditional lecture and PBL, proper use of PBL and bilingual education are essential, which help medical educators to get more advantages of PBL teaching.