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Table of Content

    25 December 2008, Volume 28 Issue 12
    研究论文
    Expression of JAB1 and P27kip1 in liver tissue of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and their clinical significance
    You WANG; Mu-dan LU; Peng LI; Xiao-peng CUI; Ai-guo SHEN
    2008, 28(12):  1233-1238. 
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    Objective To investigate the expression of c-Jun activation domain binding protein 1 (JAB1) and its relationship with expressions of P27 protein in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether JAB1 is associated with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of HCC. Methods Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to investigate the expression of JAB1 and P27 in 76 cases of HCC and adjacent nontumorous tissues. Fresh tumor tissues and their adjacent nontumorous tissues from 8 cases of HCC were collected for Western blot and immunoprecipitation assays. Results The expression of JAB1 in HCC was significantly higher than that in adjacent nontumorous tissues. In contrast, P27 levels were higher in nontumorous liver tissues than in HCC. JAB1 overexpression was correlated with histological differentiation, serum alpha-fetal protein(AFP) levels and metastasis (P<0.05). In addition, a negative correlation between JAB1 and P27 expression was found in HCC (r=-0.7077, P<0.001) ,and co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated a direct interaction between JAB1 and P27 in HCC. In both Kaplan-Meier Plot and multivariate Cox regression analysis, the overexpression of JAB1 was significantly associated with poor prognosis (P<0.05). Conclusions JAB1 expression is inversely correlated with P27 expression levels, and JAB1, as a negative regulator of P27, may be associated with the progression and prognosis of HCC.
    Hypoxia Promote Proliferation of Rabbit Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Continuous Subcultures under Hypoxic Condition
    XU XU; Yan ZHOU; Wen-song TAN
    2008, 28(12):  1239-1242. 
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    Objective To investigate the effect of transition between hypoxia and normoxia on proliferation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) in vitro. Methods rMSCs expanded in hypoxia were divided into two groups: L-L group and L-N group. Moreover, rMSCs expanded in normoxia were also divided into two groups: N-N group and N-L group. The L-L and N-L groups were subsequent subcultured in hypoxia, and L-N and N-N groups in normoxia. Growth curves, colony-forming efficiency, glucose and lactate metabolism, and intracellular ROS generation of the four groups were detected. Results In L-L group cell density and colony-forming efficiency were the highest, and intracellular ROS generation was the lowest, whereas reversed results were obtained in N-N group. Cells cultured in hypoxic conditions exhibited higher glucose consumption, lactate production and yield coefficients of lactate from glucose compared to normoxic ones. Conclusions These results suggested that hypoxia could enhance the proliferation of rMSCs in continuous subcultures. There was a potential link between intracellular ROS generation and expansion of rMSCs.
    Analysis of differential expression gene profiles of bladder cancer EJ cell line characterized by downregulation of EZH2 gene
    Yi-bing ZHANG; Hai-tao NIU; Ji-wu CHANG
    2008, 28(12):  1243-1247. 
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    Objective To screen the gene expression profiles of human bladder cancer cell line EJ, in which RNA interference was used to downregulate the EZH2 expression , with gene chip and investigate the EZH2 molecular mechanism in cancer. Methods The vector expressing EZH2 shRNA was constructed and transfected into EJ cell line with Lipofectamine 2000. We used the gene chip to screen differential expression genes in EJ cells with transfection with EZH2 shRNA compared with untransfected EJ cells. The data were passed to Passway miner serve ((http:// www. biorag. org /passway. htm)) Results We found 436 differentiation genes, in which 257 genes upregulated and 179 genes downregulated. Bioinformation analysis showed that 115 genes locates in the known biological ways, including EGF, p53, proliferation, cell cycle, Notch and Wnt passway. EZH2 target genes such as WNT1, MYT1, CNR1, WT1 were upregulated, some of which are linked to tumor stem cell and cell differentiation. Conclusions The results implied the linking between EZH2 expression and cell proliferation,which is induced by genes concerned cell differentiation. The study focusing on EZH2 regulating genes will promote to clarify its molecular mechanism in oncogenesis.
    Anchor Attachment Protein Over-expressed in Colorectal Carcinoma
    Fu-yi ZUO; Shi-yong LI; Bo YU; Ping AN; Mei YANG
    2008, 28(12):  1248-1250. 
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    Objective To investigate the expression of anchor attachment protein (AAP) in colorectal carcinoma tissues and serum levels of AAP in colorectal carcinoma patients and to study the relationship between AAP expression and lymph node and liver metastases. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect AAP expression, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to test AAP levels in peripheral vein blood in 83 patients with colorectal carcinoma. Results The expression rates in normal colorectal mucosa, primary cancer, lymph nodes and liver metastases were 20.5%、53.0%、69.8% and 80.0%, respectively. The positive rates of AAP in primary cancer, lymph nodes and liver metastases were higher than that in normal mucosa (P<0.01). The positive rates of AAP in lymph nodes and liver metastases were higher than that in primary cancer (P<0.05). The AAP expression in primary cancer with lymph node and liver metastases were higher than that without metastases (P<0.01). The mean serum level of AAP in 83 patients was (6.3±2.8)μg/L, which was obviously higher than that in control of 30 healthy volunteers (P<0.01). The serum level of AAP in patients with Dukes C and D was (7.1±2.9)μg/L, which was markedly higher than that with Dukes A and B (5.2±2.6)μg/L (P<0.05). Conclusions Monitoring the serum level in patients with colorectal carcinoma is important in prediction and diagnosis of pathogenetic condition and liver metastasis.
    Distribution of CYP2J3 in Gene Transfection Rats by vena dorsalis penis
    Jing CHANG; Ling-qiao LU; Hong-xia WANG; Jing WANG; Li-quan MA; Shao-peng ZHENG; Li-ke ZHANG
    2008, 28(12):  1251-1254. 
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    Objective To detect CYP2J3 gene expression and contents of 11,12-EET in heart, liver, lung, kidney and aorta thoracalis after CYP2J3 gene transfection . Methods The rat transgenic model was built by injecting plasmid through vena dorsalis penis. The animals were divided into control group、 pcDNA3.1 transgenic group and pcDNA3.1- CYP2J3 transgenic group. The expression of CYP2J3 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR method and content of 11,12-EET was examined by the HPLC in heart, liver, lung, kidney and aorta thoracalis at 14 days and 28 days after injection. Results At 28 days after injection, the expression of CYP2J3 mRNA and the content of 11,12-EET were significantly increased than that of control and pcDNA3.1 transgenic group ( P<0.05) . Conclusions The method of injecting plasmid can increase the expression of CYP2J3 in heart, liver, lung, kidney and aorta thoracalis.
    Changes in GFAP and NSE protein expression in the brain of Alzheimer's disease model rats
    Ying-ying ZHU; Dao-feng NI; Cai-min XU
    2008, 28(12):  1255-1259. 
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    Objective To find out the difference expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and neuron-specific enolase in hippocampi and olfactory bulb of model rats of Alzheimer's disease , consequently to find out the relationship between olfactory and Alzheimer's disease. Methods Adult rats, the expression of GFAP and NSE in hippocampi and olfactory bulb was measured by using immuhistochemical after a single intracerebroventricular injection of β-amyloid peptide , and change of this two protein in olfactory .Result comparing the hippocampi and olfactory between model and control team, the expression of GFAP in model team increasing evidently, the expression of NSE descending however. Conclusion there is observably difference in olfactory system between model and control group in Alzheimer's disease rats.
    JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway mediating proliferation, apoptosis and COX-2 expression of esophageal carcinoma Eca-109 cell line
    Jun-ru LIU; Lian-fu ZUO; Jian-zhu YANG; Ying WANG; Shu-xia LIU; Dong WANG
    2008, 28(12):  1260-1265. 
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    Objective To investigate the relationship between STAT3 signal transduction pathway and proliferation as well as apoptosis and COX-2 expression of human esophageal carcinoma Eca-109 cell lines. Methods Eca-109 cells were treated with selective JAK2 inhibitor, AG490. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of Eca-109 cells, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA and transmission electron micrograph (TEM). The protein expressions of JAK2、p-JAK2、p-Stat3 and COX-2 were examined by Western blot . RT-PCR was performed to detect the levels of COX-2 mRNA expression. Results AG490 significantly inhibited the growth of human Eca-109 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis. AG490 could inhibit the expressions of JAK2/STAT3 signal transduction pathway protein and down-regulate the expressions of p-JAK2 and p-Stat3 (P <0.05), meanwhile, AG490 also reduced the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein(P <0.05). Conclusions AG490 may inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of Eca-109 cells through decreasing expression of JAK2, STAT3 and COX-2. JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway mediate AG490 induce apoptosis and proliferative inhibition in Eca-109 cells. This may be a new target of selective JAK2 inhibitor effect on Eca-109 cells.
    Identification of BPI23-haFGF fusion protein and its biological activities
    Yan MA; Jia-yong ZHU; Xiao-bao JIN; Lei-shan LIU; Yan WANG; Juan-lan LI
    2008, 28(12):  1266-1270. 
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    Objective: To study the biological activity of BPI23-haFGF fusion protein. Methods: Recombinant expression of yeast strains pPICZαA-BPI23-haFGF/X-33 was induced by methanol. After purification by affinity chromatography and concentrated by lyophilization, the biological functions of fusion protein BPI23-haFGF with bacteria, NIH3T3 cells and mice scalded model were analyzed. Results: The purity of fusion protein BPI23-haFGF is about 90%, it has the dual function at bactericidal and mitogenetic, and the mitogenic effects of BPI23-haFGF is considerable to Standard HaFGF. It is highest (88.7%) when its concentration is 0.40 g/L. On the mice scalded model, the BPI23-haFGF group can advance healing than the negtive sample group by 2 to 3d. Conclusion: The fusion protein BPI23-haFGF can improve the healing of burn wounds, it laid the foundation for its clinical application.
    Biological properties of endothelial progenitor cells derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
    Fei-fei ZHANG; Zhan-ying HAN; Hai-bo YANG; Chun-guang QIU; Zhen-wen HUANG; Ling LI; Xiao ZHANG
    2008, 28(12):  1271-1276. 
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    Objective: To investigate the methods of isolating and culturing endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and study the biological properties of EPCs. Methods: Mononuclear cells were isolated by density-gradient centrifugation and incubated onto fibronectin-coated dishes in endothelial medium in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor. After cultivation, cells were sequential replanted by allowing cells to adhere to tissue culture dishes during two successive 2-houre incubations in order to remove nonadherent cells. Medium was changed every other days, and the number of early colonies was counted at 7 days after plating. Furthermore, every samples were divided into 2 aliquots and cells from one aliquot were cultivated continually until the late colonies generated. At the same time, another aliquot was handled when the early colonies can be observed after 7 days cultivation. Flow cytometry analysis was used to evaluate cells surface antigen expression and the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cultivation medium was determined with immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, and the capacity of in vitro vascular genesis was assessed by plating cells onto collagen gels. Results: Early colonies were identified as spindle like sprouting cells radiating from a central core of round cells. When replanted, the early colonies failed to form second colony, and were devoid of the capacity of in vitro vascular genesis. Furthermore, cells derived from the early colonies expressed mainly CD14 and CD45, and concentrations of VEGF in conditioned medium originated from early colonies were increased obviously. In contrasted to early colonies, the late colonies emerged until 21 to 28 days after cultivation and exhibited typically endothelial cells properties. Remarkably, cells originated from late colonies had the ability to form second endothelial colonies after replanted and generated tube-like structures when seeded onto collagen gels. In addition to the clearly morphological differences, cells derived from late clones expressed obviously increased CD146 (P<0.01) and reduced CD45 and CD14 (P<0.001). Conclusions: Under endothelial cultivating conditions, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells can generate early and late colonies. The great majority of cells derived from early colonies belongs to monocyte linage and can secrete VEGF, but has not the ability to differentiate into endothelial cells. Alternatively, cells originated from late colonies exhibit morphologically and biologically characteristics of EPCs.
    Expression and activation of STAT3 in colonic mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis
    Hong-yao NIU; Xiao-lan ZHANG Na WANG; Na LI; Guang-hui SONG; Shu-lin JIANG; Hui-qing JIANG
    2008, 28(12):  1277-1282. 
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    Objective:To investigate the cellular localization, expression and activation of STAT3 in colonic mucosa of patients with UC and analyze the correlation between STAT3 expression and clinical and endoscopic activity. Methods: 47 UC patients and 13 normal controls were collected. The patients were divided into different groups according to endoscopic activity and clinical activity. Expression of STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3 proteins were assayed by Western blotting while STAT3 mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR in extracts of endoscopic colonic biopsies. In addition, their cellular localization was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: ⑴ IHC revealed that in the mucosa of UC patients, STAT3 was detected mainly in the cytoplasm of diffused distribution mononuclear cells in lamina propria and pSTAT3 was detected both in the nucleus and cytoplasm of lamina propria mononuclear cells while mainly in the nucleus. In patients with UC colonic inflammation, both STAT3 and pSTAT3 were expressed in a great quantity of infiltrative mononuclear cells with stronger staining density in comparison with controls. ⑵ Using western blotting, the expression of STAT3 and pSTAT3 proteins in UC patients was higer than normal controls and both their expression was increased gradually along with the aggravation of the disease. ⑶ RT-PCR showed that the expression of STAT3 mRNA in UC patients was significantly upregulated along with the aggravation of severity of the disease. Conclusions: In colonic mucosa of UC patients, both the expression and activation of STAT3 were gradually increased and well correlated to the clinical and endoscopic activity of the disease, which implicating that STAT3 may reflect the severity of UC in some extent.
    Hippocampal theta oscillation involved in antiepilepsy Effects of vagus nerve stimulation
    Xian-wen DONG; Qi-sheng HU
    2008, 28(12):  1283-1287. 
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    Objective To study the effects of acute weak vagus nerve stimulation on hippocampal CA1 unit discharges and field potentials of normal and epileptiform discharging rats. Methods The experiments were performed on 55 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180-250g, SPF grade. All the animals were divided into normal (n=45) 基金项目:上海市优秀青年教师科研基金(2006A-74) * 通讯作者:xianwen2004@yahoo.com.cn and regularly epileptiform discharging (n=10) groups. The normal rat group: Separate the left neck vagus nerve and ligate the peripheral end. Acute weak electrical stimulation (10Hz, 0.5ms, 1.5-5.0V, 15-20 unit /train) were administered to the left neck vagus nerve central end. Once every five minutes, 20 trains in all. Record the unit discharges of right hippocampal CA1 and field potentials of bilateral hippocampal CA1. The epileptiform discharging group: Gelatin spongia contains penicillin(400u~600u∕mm3) was put onto the left cortex to induce epileptiform discharges. After 30min stable regularly discharging, continue with the procedure in the first group. Results Cyclical theta oscillation (about 3-6.5Hz) appeared in bilateral hippocampal CA1 of normal rats after the stimulation (strain m=5-7, 38/45,84.4%). With the oscillation, there is unit discharging. It has two kinds: theta-on (n=30) and theta-off (n=5). The sharp wave amplitude can be inhibited while the sharp wave interval increased following the acute weak vagus nerve stimulation(n=10) in epileptiform discharging rats. Theta oscillation was induced during the sharp wave. With the oscillation, there is tonic unit discharging (n=10). The number of action potential spikes positively correlate with the sharp wave intervals (p<0.001), but there were no correlation with the sharp wave potential amplitude. Conclusion The inhibition of epileptiform activity by the acute weak stimulation maybe due to the appearing of theta oscillation. The theta-on cell is very important to the field sharp waves frequency inhibition.
    Enalapril increased synaptophysin expression in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    Yuan GAO; Qian XIAO
    2008, 28(12):  1288-1291. 
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    Objective To explore the effects of enalapril on spatial learning and memory, and synaptophysin expression in hippocampus of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, diabetic model group and the enalapril treatment group. Streptozotocin-diabetic rat model was established. The diabetic rats were treated with enalapril for 12 weeks. Then, the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested with the Morris water maze; The mRNA and protein expression levels of synaptophysin in hippocampus were detected by RT-PCR and immunostaining, respectively. Results Compared with diabetic model group, the enalapril treatment group showed a significant decrease in the mean time of escape latencies (P<0.05), an increase in percentage of stay time in the central area and the frequency of passing the original platformposition (P<0.05). In addition, both the levels of synaptophysin protein expression by immunostaining and mRNA expression by RT-PCR increased significantly (p<0.05) in hippocampus of streptozotocin-diabetic rats following enalapril treatment. Conclusion We concluded that enalapril may improve the learning and memory ability by increasing the expression of synaptophysin in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
    The Expression of ERK1 and P16 and Their Correlation in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Human
    Wei-wei YU; Wei QU; Xiao-liang XIONG; Fan-rong LIU; Sheng YUAN
    2008, 28(12):  1292-1295. 
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    Objective To detect the expression of ERK1 and P16 in gastrointestinal stromal tumor group and normal control group and to discuss the correlation between them. Methods Tissue chip and immunohistochemistry named Elivison were used to respectively detect the expression of ERK1 and P16 in both 40 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and 40 cases of normal control tissues and quantitative analysis of mean absorbent density of the expression of ERK1 and P16 was conducted respectively with the image analytic software: Image-Pro Plus (version 6.0) . Results The expressions of ERK was higher in GIST group than that in normal control group(P<0.01), but the expression of P16 was lower(P<0.01). The expression of ERK1 and p16 were correlated with histological grade (P<0.05) and not correlated with age, lump, histological type and recurrence .There was an inverse correlation between the activity of ERK1 and P16 in GIST(P<0.05). Conclusion In the tissue of GIST the expression of ERK1 was remarkable high and P16 was low.There was an inverse correlation between them.
    Effects of Thrombospondin1 Antisense oligonucleotide Induced by Transforming Growth Factorβ1 in Rat Cardiac fibrosis
    Ling CHEN; Jian-xin HU; Xiao-shu CHENG; Hai SU; Kui HONG; Ju-xiang LI; Yan-qing WU
    2008, 28(12):  1297-1299. 
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    ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of thrombospondin1 Antisense oligonucleotide in Rat Cardiac fibrosis induced by Transforming Growth Factorβ1 .Methods CFs of neonatal Sprague -Dawley(SD) rats were isolated with the method of digestion and differential anchoring velocity.The proliferation,collagen synthesis of rat cardiac fibroblasts were observed with MTT and Hydroxyproline.The expression of VEGFmRNA and TSP-1mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR. Results The dose and time-dependent effects of TGF-β1, Expression of VEGF were declined and TSP-1 were increased significantly(P<0.01)compared with that in control groups,TSP-1 Antisense oligonucleotide inhibited the proliferation、collagen synthesis ofCFsand VEGF expression were increased significantly.ConclusionThe proliferation ,collagen synthesis of CFs induced by TGF-β1 could be inhibited by TSP-1 Antisense oligonucleotide,which may exert helpful effect on anti-fibrosis.
    7,925 cases of genetic counseling Cytogenetic analysis
    Xiao-hong JING; Jun-hua LI; Cui-yun QIN; Hong-min YAN; Rong QIANG; Jun ZHENG
    2008, 28(12):  1300-1302. 
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    Objective 7,925 cases of genetic counseling through the examination and analysis of chromosomes that chromosomal abnormalities on abortion, mental retardation, primary amenorrhea impact. Methods Deal with the seizure of a blood culture, the G-band-ing chromosome analysis. Results Chromosomal abnormalities were detected 221 cases of nuclear, abnormal rate of 2.78 percent.Of which 172 cases often chromosomal abnormalities, or 2.17 percent, 49 cases of chromosome abnormalities, or 0.62 percent, as experts have identified 13 species of the world's first nuclear reported. Conclusions Chromosomal abnor-malities cause spontaneous abortion,teratogenic,mental retardation,female primary amenorrhea an important reason.
    技术与方法
    Isolation and identification of fetal liver mesenchymal stem cells from mouse
    Yan SUN; Yuan ZHANG
    2008, 28(12):  1303-1307. 
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    Objective To isolate and culture meshenchymal stem cells from murine fetal liver in vitro. Methods flMSCs from mouse fetuses were isolated by modified adhering to plastic. Growth kinetics was determined by growth curve. Cell cycle and phenotype were analyzed by FACSan flow cytometry. Differentiation of adhering cells was induced and identified in vitro. Results Homogenous fibroblast-like cells were predominated in culture. The number of flMSCs increased 2 fold after about 24 hours. 83.76%±2.88% of flMSCs stayed in the G0/G1 phases. flMSCs were CD44, CD29 positive but negative for the markers of hematopoietic cells such as CD45, CD11b. flMSCs were able to differentiate along adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic pathways even after being passaged several times. Conclusions flMSCs can be isolated by their plastic-attachable property. flMSCs can be greatly expanded without losing their multiple differentiation potential in vitro. flMSCs could be an appropriate source of stem cell therapy.
    临床园地
    Impact of Propofol and Midazolam on the Time Course of Extubation
    Ying BAI; Ning ZHOU
    2008, 28(12):  1308-1310. 
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    Objective To investigate the impact of propofol and midazolam on the time course of extubation in patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods The patients were randomly divided into the propofol group(n=37) and the midazolam group(n=52), which were also attributed to three sedation stratums. The two drugs were discontinued immediately while weaning from the ventilator. The awakening time and extubation time of the two groups were recorded and compared with each other. Results Both awakening time and extubation time of the propofol groupswere shorter than those of the midazolam group(P<0.05).Conclusions After being used to sedate the patients with mechanical ventilation, the effect of propofol on reducing the time course of weaning was superior than that of midazolam.
    研究短文
    Effects of aspirin on inflammatory factors in hyperlipidemia pigs
    Guang-yong HUANG; Zhong-chen XIE; Li-jie HUANG; Peng GOU; Ya-qian LIU; Chun-hai LI; Hua CHEN
    2008, 28(12):  1311-1312. 
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    Up-regulated expression of PDGF-D in Children IgA Nephropathy
    Zuan-hua RONG; Zhao QI; Yong-hong SHI; Hui-jun DUAN
    2008, 28(12):  1313-1314. 
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    Effect of Valsartan on rat renal interstitial fibrosis
    Mei-yan WANG; Yong-jun CUI; Zuo-jun ZOU
    2008, 28(12):  1315-1316. 
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    Early protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on rat liver graft after orthotopic liver transplantation
    Jian-cun HOU; Yu-min LI; Zhe QIANG; Ming-yan HE
    2008, 28(12):  1317-1318. 
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    短篇综述
    Progress Towards in Vivo Use of RNA interference
    Jun-yan AN; Xiao-lan ZHANG
    2008, 28(12):  1321-1323. 
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    RNA interference (RNAi), which has become the first method of choice to suppress gene expression in vitro, is a conserved biologic response to double-stranded RNA that resulted in the sequence-specific silencing of target gene expression. Recently, more than 100 studies using synthetic small interfering RNAs in mammals have been published. These reports demonstrate that RNAi is also a powerful tool for in vivo research and may become an effective therapeutic tool. This review will focus on the influential factors and experimental design in the in vivo use of RNAi.
    Recent advance in the studies of the effct of high glucose on Schwann cells in vitro
    Ling QU; Xiao-chun LIANG; Hong ZHANG
    2008, 28(12):  1324-1328. 
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    Schwann cells play an important role in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Recently, to investigate the effect of high glucose on Schwann cell in vitro has become a new research hotpoint with the developing of cell culture technology.This review concentrates on the effct of high glucose on Schwann cell in vitro.
    Dual Effects of Rapamycin on Immuno-suppression and Tumor Inhibition
    Rui-fang MI; Hong-bing ZHANG
    2008, 28(12):  1329-1331. 
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    Rapamycin is used frequently as an immunosuppressive agent and also plays an important role in tumor suppression. It complexes with FKBP12 to inhibit the serine/threonine protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), the activation of which is required for protein synthesis and cell-cycle progression. Rapamycin can block cell cycle at G1 phase and inhibit cell proliferation. Furthermore rapamycin may inhibit cytokine production and cytokine signaling. Therefore rapamycin is increasingly used in the treatment of post-transplantation organ rejection and tumor therapy due to its dual effects of immuno-suppression and tumor inhibition.
    Effect of Toll Like Receptor 4 and its endogenous ligands in ischemia-reperfusion injury
    Xue-feng CHEN; Gui-zhen HE; Liang-guang DONG
    2008, 28(12):  1332-1335. 
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    TLR4 mediates I/R injury involving endogenous ligands. Interaction of TLR4 with endogenous ligands provides a critical link between tissue damage and activation of the innate immune response.In the early onset of liver, kidney, heart,or lung I/R injury,endogenous ligands are secreated from several kinds of cells , and they are recognized by TLR4. Interaction of TLR4 with endogenous ligands,such as HMGB1 ,seems to be the most important trigger of inflammation and initiates signaling cascades leading to inflammatory and immune responses.Blocking the interaction of TLR4 with endogenous ligands may be useful in clinical settings associated with inflammation and cellular necrosis caused by ischemic insults.
    Review on Rapamycin as a potential therapeutic agent against neurodegenerative disease
    Guang YANG; Yuan-gang ZHU; Hui YANG
    2008, 28(12):  1336-1338. 
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    Autophagy contributes to the pathology of various neurodegenerative conditions. Rapamycin, an agent against Candida albicans or immunosuppressive, was found to be effective against tumor. Furthermore, it also induces autophagy by inactivating the protein mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), FKBP and VMP1, thus could offer a tractable therapeutic agent for neurodegenerative diseases.