Abstract: Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis causes acute ischemic stroke in a significant number of patients. Nowadays, the percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting (PTAS) is a major method for the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, which can be used in patients with acute or subacute ischemic stroke, especially in patients with severe intracranial arterial stenosis, avoiding the onset of stroke. The periprocedural and long-term complications include implantation failure, intracranial bleeding, vessel rupture, embolism and in-stent restenosis. Medical treatment with anticoagulant drugs in periprocedural stage may prevent for the happening of complications.

Key words: Angioplasty, Stents, Intraoperative complications, Postoperative complications, Intracranial arteriosclerosis, Review

摘要： 颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄为急性缺血性卒中的重要病因之一。血管内支架成形术是目前治疗颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的主要手段，可用于缺血性卒中急性期或亚急性期病例的治疗，尤其是可预防严重颅内动脉狭窄患者脑卒中的发生。其围手术期和远期并发症包括支架植入失败、颅内出血、刺破血管、栓塞，以及支架内再狭窄，而围手术期的抗凝药物治疗可减少并发症的发生。

关键词: 血管成形术, 支架, 手术中并发症, 手术后并发症, 颅内动脉硬化, 综述