Abstract: Ischemic stroke brings heavy social and family burden because of its high morbidity, mortality, disability rate and recurrence rate. Intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis is an important cause of ischemic stroke throughout the world and is associated with a high risk of recurrent stroke. The comprehensive evaluation of atherosclerosis plays an important role in risk stratification and clinical decision making. This paper makes a brief review on the main evaluation indexes and common assessments of intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis. 

Key words: Stroke, Atherosclerosis, Review

摘要： 缺血性卒中由于发病率、病残率、病死率和复发率高，给社会和家庭带来巨大负担。颅内和颈部动脉粥样硬化是导致缺血性卒中发生和复发的重要原因。因此，对颅内和颈部动脉粥样硬化进行全面评价，以预测脑卒中发生风险并指导临床决策，具有重要临床意义。本文就颅内和颈部动脉粥样硬化的主要评价指标和常用评价手段进行简要概述。

关键词: 卒中, 动脉粥样硬化, 综述