Abstract: Due to its special anatomical structures and immune pathophysiological mechanisms, brain damage repair is greatly different from damage repair of other systems. Secondary brain injury and inflammation are closely related. As a "double-edged sword", inflammation scavenges hazardous substances on the early stage of injury, but has side effects on normal brain tissue. The use of immunosuppressive therapy or hypothermia can inhibit immune injury, but the presence of reduced immunity may result in infection and tumorigenesis in the long term. Only reducing the autoimmune attack against brain tissue without affecting other immune capacity of the body will be optimized solution, and this paper will make a review on the research of immune tolerance in the treatment of brain injury with optimized program.

Key words: Brain injuries, Immune tolerance, Review

摘要： 由于中枢神经系统特殊的解剖结构和生理机制，造成脑损伤后修复与机体其他系统存在较大差异。继发性脑损伤与炎症反应密切相关，作为一把“双刃剑”，在炎症早期对有害物质起清除作用，随着病情进展又可损伤正常脑组织。免疫抑制剂或亚低温治疗对免疫损伤具有控制作用，但同时也存在机体免疫反应低下致感染和远期致瘤的可能。因此，降低针对脑组织的自身免疫攻击的同时，不影响机体其他免疫功能的治疗方法将是最佳的优化方案，本文拟就满足优化方案的免疫耐受治疗脑损伤方面的研究进展进行综述。

关键词: 脑损伤, 免疫耐受, 综述