Abstract: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a kind of chronic, severe and persistent pain syndrome. Due to the underlying mechanisms, the treatment for NP differs from that of nociceptive pain. An accurate diagnosis of NP is very important. However, the present diagnostic process which mainly depends on clinical and neurophysiological assessments is quite time-consuming and low efficient. In recent years, various screening tools and drug efficacy assessments for NP have been developed and validated. They become very useful in the diagnosis and treatment of NP, as well as in epidemiological study. These tools are also very useful in elucidating the underlying mechanism of NP.

Key words: Neuralgia, Pain measurement, Review

摘要： 神经病理性疼痛是一种慢性、严重性、持续性疼痛，具有与伤害感受性疼痛不同的发病机制和治疗方案，早期明确诊断有助于及时有效地治疗神经病理性疼痛。目前，神经病理性疼痛的诊断主要依靠临床病史、神经系统检查和神经电生理学检查等，费时且效率低。近年来，用于筛查与评价神经病理性疼痛的量表被陆续开发并验证，成为神经病理性疼痛诊断与治疗和流行病学调查的重要工具，这些量表对神经病理性疼痛机制的研究亦具有重要意义。

关键词: 神经痛, 疼痛测定, 综述