摘要： 共151 例高血压性基底节出血患者，于发病超早期接受经额钻孔引流联合经颞小骨窗血肿清除术（联合治疗组，68 例）或去骨瓣减压血肿清除术（对照组，83 例）。结果显示，联合治疗组与对照组患者术后短期及中远期疗效差异无统计学意义（均P > 0.05），但联合治疗组患者术后苏醒快，且电解质紊乱、低蛋白血症发生率低于对照组（P < 0.05）。提示采取超早期联合微创手术治疗基底节大量出血安全、有效。

关键词: 颅内出血, 高血压性, 基底神经节, 引流术, 外科手术, 微创性

Abstract: In this study, 151 patients with hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage were divided into 2 groups based on different operation methods. One was combined treatment group including 68 patients, who accepted combined minimally invasive operation (transfrontal trepanation and drainage combined with transtemporal evacuation of hematoma) on the ultra-early stage of onset. Another was control group including 83 patients, who were treated by craniotomy evacuation of hematoma and decompressive craniectomy. Compared with control group, the short-term and long-term efficacy of combined treatment was not significantly different (P > 0.05, for all). However, the combined treatment group performed significantly much better than the control group on several aspects. Patients in combined treatment group had shorter revival time and lower incidence rate of electrolyte disturbance and hypoproteinemia, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Combined minimally invasive operation on the ultra-early stage is a safe and effective method in the treatment of basal ganglia hemorrhage.

Key words: Intracranial hemorrhage, hypertensive, Basal ganglia, Drainage, Surgical procedures, minimally invasive