Table of Content

05 September 2025, Volume 45 Issue 9

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Need and research exploration for Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment(CGA) of elderly cancer patients

2025, 45(9):  1121-1121.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1121

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Consensus recommendation on Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment for elderly cancer patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital

WANG Qiumei, LI Xiaoyuan, KANG Lin, SUN Xiaohong, LI Hailong, DUAN Yanping, LIU Ying, GUAN Mei, ZHAO Lin

2025, 45(9):  1122-1131.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1122

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In the context of an aging society, the number of elderly cancer patients is constantly increasing, and geriatric oncology has garnered significant attention in recent years. Given the heterogeneity in the health status of older patients, it has become increasingly important to provide individualized diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and care. Thus, it must be emphasized the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) for elderly patients, which encompasses their physical function, nutritional status, cognitive function, emotional state, comorbidities, polypharmacy, social situation, and treatment preferences. This article provides consensus recommendations on CGA tools for elderly patients prior to anticancer treatment, offering valuable references and insights for clinical practice in China.

Current applications and implications of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in elderly cancer patients

WANG Yangyang, LIU Yang, ZHAO Han, WANG Wei

2025, 45(9):  1132-1138.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1132

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With the accelerating aging process, the number of elderly cancer patients is been increasing annually, accompanied by various age-related health issues. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA), as a multidimensional evaluation tool, has been widely recognized as an important means to optimize the management of elderly cancer patients. Although numerous studies have demonstrated the significant value of CGA in improving clinical outcomes, its practical application still faces various challenges. This review summarizes the status of CGA application in elderly cancer patients, the main implementation barriers, and corresponding facilitating strategies. Additionally, recommendations for promoting the implementation of CGA are provided, aiming to offer insights for future clinical research and practice on CGA for elderly cancer patients in China.

Impact of the aging tumor microenvironment on immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy

ZHOU Huicong, SHAO Yajuan

2025, 45(9):  1139-1143.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1139

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The role of tumor microenvironment(TME) in tumor genesis and progression has attracted increasing attention. This review describes the effects of aging on the function of immune cells, extra cellular matrix, vasculature, cytokines, and metabolites in the tumor microenvironment, which may alter the host's response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and relies on the results of the most recent clinical studies to evaluate the safety of ICIs for elderly oncology patients and potential adverse effects.

Ginkgo biloba extract inhibits the proliferation and migration of human glioma cell line U87

MA Yue, HUANG Conggang, WANG Yuan, XU Wenqing, LUO Zhihua

2025, 45(9):  1144-1150.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1144

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Objective To find potential effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on proliferation and migration of human glioma cell line. Methods Glioma cell line U87 was cultured and incubated with Ginkgo biloba extract at doses of 0, 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL, respectively. The proliferation activity of the cells in each group was detected by 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EDU) experiment, the migration activity of the cells in each group was examined by scratch experiment, the invasion activity of the cells in each group was detected by Transwell experiment and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway proteins and E2F transcription factor 1(E2F1)protein in each group of the cells were detected by Western blot. Reply experiment was added with PI3K/AKT pathway activator 740 Y-P. Results Ginkgo biloba extract at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 μg/mL significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of U87 cells(P＜0.05). The protein level of vimentin, N-cadherin, p-PI3K, p-AKT and E2F1 was significantly decreased(P＜0.05), while the protein level of E-cadherin and ZO-1 was significantly increased(P＜0.05). After addition of 740 Y-P into the cultural system, the inhibitory effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on the proliferation and metastasis of U87 cells was inhibited and the protein level of vimentin, N-cadherin, p-PI3K, p-AKT, and E2F1 increased(P＜0.05), while the protein level of E-cadherin and ZO-1 was decreased(P＜0.05). Conclusions Ginkgo biloba extract may inhibit proliferation, migration and EMT of U87 cells, which is potentially related to the PI3K/AKT/E2F1 pathway.

Palmitoylation of ACE2 at Cys141, Cys344, and Cys498 facilitates its extracellular vesicles localization

YANG Jingjing, MA Yan, WANG Yue, SUN Yang, LI Pan, GUO Feng

2025, 45(9):  1151-1157.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1151

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Objective To identify S-palmitoylation sites on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2), the cellular receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus(SARS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2, and to investigate the functional relevance of these modifications in regulating ACE2 localization and activity. Methods An optimized multi-site mutagenesis strategy was performed by simultaneously substitution of all eight cysteine (Cys) residuesin ACE2 by serine to create a non-palmitoylatable mutant (8CS). Then individual cysteine residues were re-introduced one by one. Palmitoylation level of mutants was evaluated using a bioorthogonal click chemistry method to identify palmitoylation-competent residues. Immune-fluorescence staining and extra-cellular vesicle isolation assays were then used to evaluate the impact of specific palmitoylation sites on ACE2 sub-cellular localization. Results An efficient strategy for multi-site palmitoylation site mapping was optimized and successfully identified three critical palmitoylation sites on ACE2: Cys141, Cys344 and Cys498. Functional analyses showed that palmitoylation of these sites significantly promotes the enrichment of ACE2 in extra-cellular vesicles. Conclusions S-palmitoylation at Cys141, Cys344 and Cys498 is essential for the trafficking of ACE2 to extra-cellular vesicles, which suggests a potential regulatory mechanism of its impact on viral receptor presentation and ACE2-associated signaling pathways.

Scutellarin reduces apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc degeneration of rat models

LI Na, ZHANG Peng, ZHANG Nan, LIN Wei, LIU Defeng, ZHENG Jihui

2025, 45(9):  1158-1164.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1158

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Objective To investigate the effects of scutellarin (SCU) on apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells and the Janus kinas 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) model rats. Methods IVDD rats were randomly divided into IVDD group, SCU low and high dose groups (SCU-L, SCU-H groups), SCU high dose+JAK2 activator bispecific protein phosphatase 19 (DUSP19) group (SCU-H+DUSP19 group)and control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was applied to detect inflammatory factors and oxidative stress level in intervertebral disc tissues. Eosin staining (HE) staining microscopy was used to observe pathological damage of intervertebral disc tissue. Transferase mediated dUTP notch end labeling (TUNEL) staining microscopy was applied to detect apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc tissue. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway related proteins. Results Animals in the IVDD group were suffered from partial rupture of the fibrous ring in the intervertebral disc tissue, abnormal shrinkage of the nucleus pulposus structure with reduction of nucleus pulposus cells and blurred boundary with the fibrous ring. The level of TNF-α, IL-1β, ROS and apoptosis rate of nucleus pulposus cells, the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, p-JAK2/JAK2, p-STAT3/STAT3 were all elevated and the expression of SOD, type Ⅱ collagen, and polysaccharides decreased (P＜0.05).The morphology, cell structure, density of fibrous ring and nucleus pulposus in the intervertebral disc tissue of the SCU-L and SCU-H groups were improved as compared to IVDD group. The degeneration was alleviated to varying degrees. The level of TNF-α, IL-1β, ROS, apoptosis rate of nucleus pulposus cells and the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, p-JAK2/JAK2, p-STAT3/STAT3 were all reduced and the expression of SOD, type Ⅱ collagen, and polysaccharides significantly increased (P＜0.05). DUSP19 partially reverses the effect of SCU on apoptosis of IVDD rats. Conclusions SCU may alleviate apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in IVDD rats.

Effects of ANGPT1 on proliferation,invasion and angiogenesis of mouse prostate cancer cell line RM-1

AN Xin, JIA Lin, Mawusumu·MAMUT, HUANG Zhipeng, KahrimanI·SLAM, Rexiati·REHEMAN, Hairila·WULAMU, Kerbanjiang·ABULIKIM, Jesur·BATUR

2025, 45(9):  1165-1172.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1165

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Objective To explore the regulatory mechanism of angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1) on proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of prostate cancer cells. Methods Mouse prostate cancer cell line (RM-1) was divided into control group, NC-oe group, ANGPT1-oe group, NC-sh group and ANGPT1-sh group. NC-oe, ANGPT1-oe, NC-sh and ANGPT1-sh were transfected into RM-1 cells by Lipofectamine3000 reagent. The transfection efficiency was verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot, cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay and EdU staining and cell invasion was detected by Transwell assay. The cells were divided into the following groups: control group, Tie2-expressing monocytes/macrophages(TEMs) group, NC-oe+TEM group, ANGPT1-oe+TEM group, NC-sh+TEM group and ANGPT1-sh+TEM groups. RM-1 and TEM were co-cultured. RM-1 cells were collected after 72 hours and subjected to MTT proliferation assay, EdU staining assay and Transwell invasion assay. The co-cultured cell supernatant from each group mouse umbilical vein endothelial cells (MUVECs) were co-incubated with cell supernatant collected from each group cells and then to detect the number of tubules formed. The co-cultured cell supernatant of each group was collected, and the level of MMP-9, VEGFA and COX-2 were detected by ELISA. Results 1)Compared with control group and NC-oe group, the level of ANGPT1 mRNA and protein in ANGPT1-oe group was increased (P＜0.05). Compared with control group and NC-sh group, the level of ANGPT1 mRNA and protein in ANGPT1-sh group was decreased (P＜0.05). 2) Compared with control group, the cell viability, EdU positive rate, counting of invasive cells and of tubules formed in TEM group significantly increased(P＜0.05), the level of MMP-9, VEGFA and COX-2 in the supernatant was increased (P＜0.05). Compared with TEM group and NC-oe+TEM group, the cell viability, EdU positive rate, counting of invasive cells and of tubules formed in ANGPT1-oe+TEM group decreased (P＜0.05).The level of MMP-9, VEGFA and COX-2 in the supernatant was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with TEM group and NC-sh+TEM group, the cell viability, EdU positive rate, counting of invasive cell and of tubules formed in ANGPT1-sh+TEM group all increased (P＜0.05).The level of MMP-9, VEGFA and COX-2 in the supernatant were increased(P＜0.05). Conclusions The decreased expression of ANGPT1 in prostate cancer significantly enhances the promotion effect of TEMs on the proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis of prostate cancer cells, thus promoting the progression of prostate cancer.

Remazolam alleviates brain injury in rat models with traumatic brain injury

QIAO Dan, WANG Dongya, CHEN Weijia, XUE Yifan, LI Wei, LIU Bofeng

2025, 45(9):  1173-1177.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1173

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Objective To explore the neuro-protective effect of remimazolam (Rem) on traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rat models. Methods A TBI rat model was constructed. The rats were randomly divided into control group, traumatic brain injury group (TBI group), low-dose and high-dose remimazolam groups (Rem-L, Rem-H groups), and high-dose remimazolam+Jagged1 group (Rem-H+Jagged1 group), with 12 rats in each. All rats were evaluated for neurological deficits. The serum level of inflammatory factors like tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were detected by ELISA. HE staining microscopy was used to observe the changes of brain histopathology. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptation molecule 1 (IBA1) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of Notch, Notch 1 intracellular domain (NICD) and Hes-1 protein in the brain tissue. Results Compared with the control group, the TBI group showed a larger area of brain tissue defect and edema, with more activated glial cells and fragmented, concentrated and deeply stained neuronal nuclei, indistinct nucleoli, deeply stained cytoplasm, and partial neuronal necrosis The neurological deficit score was higher, level of TNF-α and IL-1β and the expression of GFAP, IBA1, Notch, NICD, and Hes-1 all elevated (P＜0.05). Remazolam reduced brain tissue defect area, alleviated edema, inhibited glial cell activation and neuronal apoptosis, and reduced nerve function deficit score, the level of TNF-α and IL-1β, and the expression of GFAP, IBA1, Notch, NICD and Hes-1(P＜0.05). Jagged1 could aggravate brain tissue injury, increase neural function deficit score, levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and expressions of GFAP, IBA1, Notch, NICD and Hes-1 (P＜0.05). Conclusions Remimazolam may have neuroprotective effects as shown by TBI rat models, and the underlying mechanism is potentially related to the inhibition of the Notch/Hes-1 signaling pathway.

Dynamic alterations in blood-related indexes in rats exposed to high-altitude hypoxic environment

WANG Yuyan, SHI Xuefeng, FENG Xiaokai

2025, 45(9):  1178-1183.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1178

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Objective To investigate alteration of blood routine parameters, blood gas analysis profile, coagulation function, and inflammatory factors during exposure to high-altitude hypoxic environments. Methods Rats were raised in a hypobaric oxygen chamber to simulate the altitude of 5 500 meters. The animals were divided into groups with exposure duration of 0(control), 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 28 days. Arterial blood gas was measured using a blood gas analyzer. The routine blood test was performed by an automatic five-differential animal hematology analyzer. The coagulation function was measured by a fully automatic coagulation analyzer. The level of plasma D-dimer(DD), erythropoietin (EPO), interleukin-10(IL-10), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and C-reactive protein(CRP) was detected by ELISA method. The protein expression of IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α in lung tissues of the animals was detected by Western blot. Results As compare to control group, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) decreased at different durations of hypoxia exposure. The PaO₂ in the group exposed to hypoxia for 7 d was the lowest(P＜0.05). The red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit(HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)and mean platelet volume (MPV)were all higher than control group(P＜0.05). Erythropoietin (EPO), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer (DD) all gradually increased(P＜0.05). The white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count(PLT), as well as the plasma inflammatory factors including interleukin-10(IL-10), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and the expression of inflammatory factors in the lung tissue including IL-10, IL-6 and TNF-α proteins all showed a curve of increasing at beginning and then followed by a slow decrease with the prolongation of the hypoxia time(P＜0.05). Conclusions In high-altitude hypoxic environment, the blood circulation undergoes dynamic evolution of functional remodeling with higher risk of inflammatory response. As the hypoxia time prolongs, the animals adapt the environment and the level of inflammatory cytokines gradually decline but remains at a level which is still higher than that of control animals.

Predicting prognosis of patients with acute decompensated heart failure based on combined test of serum sST2, GFR and SI

XUE Yaxin, CHEN Anqi, ZHENG Yi, LAN Yunyun

2025, 45(9):  1184-1189.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1184

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Objective To evaluate the application of serum soluble suppression of tumorigenicity-2 (sST2), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and serum iron (SI) combined test for predicting prognosis of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) patients. Methods A total of 575 ADHF patients were included in this study. Serum sST2, GFR, SI levels and other biomarkers were measured and followed up. Patients were divided into poor prognosis and good prognosis groups based on the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the prognostic value of these indicators, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to compare the prediction outcome of single and combined indicators. Results In the poor prognosis group, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose level were all significantly higher than in those in the control group (P＜0.05). Additionally, the poor prognosis group had higher level of sST2 and total iron-binding capacity, while GFR, SI and transferring saturation were lower as compared to control group(P＜0.05). Cox multivariate survival analysis showed that sST2, GFR, and SI were independent predictors of poor prognosis in ADHF patients (P＜0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that higher level of sST2 was associated with poor survival prognosis. ROC curve analysis showed that when the biomarkers like sST2, GFR and SI were used together, the area under the curve (AUC) increased to 0.834, with a sensitivity of 80.2% and a specificity of 75.6%. Conclusions Combination test of serum sST2, GFR and SI significantly supports the predictive function for ADHF patients'prognosis. The highest AUC value from the combined biomarker prediction may contribute to a more accurate assessment of patient risk. This combined test of indicators provides a more reliable tool for clinicians in terms of early identification of high-risk patients, guiding treatment decisions and improving the prognosis management of patients.

Variations in GLP-1R rs2268641 increase risk of diabetic nephropathy in China

HE Ke, YANG Fan, LU Xiwan, HU Yun

2025, 45(9):  1190-1194.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1190

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Objective To investigate the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) gene polymorphism (rs2268641) and the incidence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 490 T2DM patients with or without DN were included in this project. GLP-1R genetic polymorphisms were genotyped with TaqMan allelic discrimination. Results The C allele of rs2268641 was significantly associated with DN in T2DM patients. As compare to urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER) among genotypes, CC homozygote had a higher level of UAER than CT heterozygous (P＜0.01) and TT homozygote(P＜0.05) respectively. CC homozygote had a higher level of UAER than the carriers of the T allele(P＜0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that CC homozygote had higher odds for DN than CT heterozygote (OR:1.715, 95% CI=1.058-2.778, P＜0.05), even after adjustment for age, gender, family history, FBG and HbA1c (OR:1.781, 95% CI=1.076-2.947, P＜0.05). Moreover, the CC homozygote had higher odds for DN than the carriers of the T allele before (OR:1.585, 95% CI=1.013-2.481, P＜0.05) and after adjustment (OR:1.660, 95% CI=1.040-2.650, P＜0.05). Conclusions GLP-1R gene variants, especially the C allele of rs2268641 increase the risk of DN in Chinese T2DM patients.

Obstructive sleep apnea exacerbates cognitive impairment after stroke and the diagnostic value of serum BDNF and Tau protein

ZHAO Dongmei, CAO Feihu, WANG Libo, HUANG Jun, DU Yuxin, LIU Qian

2025, 45(9):  1195-1199.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1195

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Objective To explore the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on cognitive impairment in post-stroke patients ,to explore its underlying mechanism and to evaluate potential diagnostic value by dynamically monitoring the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Tau protein in serum. Methods Totally 96 stroke patients admitted to Mianyang third People's Hospital from February 2022 to June 2024 were selected. They were divided into the groups complicated with OSA and control one without OSA following up of neuropsychological scales for 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after stroke for evaluating cognitive function. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the level of BDNF and Tau protein in serum. The correlation of test results and the degree of cognitive impairment as well as their diagnostic value were analyzed. Results The AHI in the OSA group was significantly higher than that of control group, while LSaO₂ and MSaO₂ were significantly lower in the OSA group (P＜0.05). One week and 1,3,6 month months after the onset of the disease, the MMSE and MoCA scores in the OSA group were significantly lower than those in the control group, BDNF level was significantly lower while Tau protein level was significantly higher as compare to those in control group (P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum BDNF level was positively correlated with both MMSE score (r=0.654, P＜0.001) and MoCA score (r=0.689, P＜0.001).However, the serum Tau protein level was negatively correlated with both MMSE score (r=-0.623, P＜0.001) and MoCA score (r=-0.667, P＜0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the combined detection of BDNF and Tau protein was greater than that of the individual detection. The diagnostic value of the combined detection of BDNF and Tau protein for cognitive impairment in post-stroke patients was greater than that of the individual detection (P＜0.05). Conclusions OSA significantly exacerbates patients’ cognitive impairment after stroke. Elevated serum BDNF level and decreased Tau protein level may be the underlying mechanisms of cognitive impairment. Serum BDNF and Tau protein may function as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of cognitive impairment after stroke.

Sigma-1 receptor expression in rat brain tissue is correlated with brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation

ZHAO Haiyan, WANG Yijie, LIU Rong, YANG Jilin, LI Ting, ZHU Xiaolin, QIN Jiahong

2025, 45(9):  1200-1207.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1200

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Objective To explore the effects of sigma-1 receptor(Sig-1R) on brain function in rats after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and its protective role in brain injury. Methods Rats were randomly assigned to four groups with 20 in each: sham-operated control (sham group), 6-hour post-resuscitation (PR 6 h group),12-hour post-resuscitation (PR 12 h group)and 24-hour post-resuscitation (PR 24 h group). In the latter three groups, cardiac arrest was induced by asphyxiation, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed 6 minutes after cardiac arrest. The rats were scored for neurological deficits at 6, 12 and 24 hrs after resuscitation, respectively; after that, the rats were executed, and the expression of Sig-1R protein, mitochondrial function index, and endoplasmic reticulum stress index apoptosis index were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. The correlation between Sig-1R and mitochondrial, endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis indexes was evaluated. Results Compared with the sham-operated group, the rats in test group showed a gradual decrease in neurological deficit scores, Sig-1R protein expression, brain tissue adenosine triphosphate(ATP) concentration and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) levels at 6,12, and 24 hrs of PR(P＜0.05); CHOP protein, activated cleaved caspase-12 and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression were consistently elevated (P＜0.05). In addition, Sig-1R was negatively correlated with brain tissue endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis(P＜0.05) but positively correlated with mitochondrial membrane potential level (P＜0.05). Conclusions Sig-1R expression in rat brain tissue correlates with brain injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and potential mechanism seems to be neuronal protection through modulating mitochondrial function and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

CircAPLP2 inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of human colorectal cancer cell lines through regulating miR-455-3p/STMN1 axis

WEI Xinwen, WEN Xiaojun, FAN Zhaoqiang, LAO Xifeng, ZHANG Luqing, ZHONG Ming

2025, 45(9):  1208-1214.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1208

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Objective To investigate the effects of circular RNA APLP2 (circAPLP2) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines by regulating microRNA-455-3p (miR-455-3p)/Stathmin1 (STMN1) axis. Methods RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of circAPLP2, miR-455-3p and STMN1 in CRC and normal colorectal cell lines and the optimal cell line was screened. Proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by MTT assay, scratch assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The relationship between circAPLP2 and miR-455-3p, between miR-455-3pand STMN1 was confirmed by dual Lucifer's reporter gene assay. Results CircAPLP2 and STMN1 were highly expressed in CRC cells, miR-455-3p showed a low expression. Knocking down circAPLP2 resulted in a decrease in rate of survival and of scratch healing rate and invasion of SW620 cells, An up regulation of miR-455-3p expression, a down regulation of STMN1, cyclin D1, N-cadherin protein expression and an up regulation of E-cadherin protein expression were also found (P＜0.05). Inhibition of miR-455-3p expression reversed inhibitory effect of knocking down circAPLP2 on SW620 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, up-regulated the STMN1, cyclin D1 and N-cadherin protein expression, and down-regulation of E-cadherin protein expression (P＜0.05). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that circAPLP2 targeted at negative regulation of miR-455-3p expression, while miR-455-3p targeted at negative regulation of STMN1 expression. Nude mouse transplantation experiment found that knocking down circAPLP2 affected the growth of transplanted tumors, while miR-455-3p expression was up-regulated and STMN1 expression was down-regulated(P＜0.05). Conclusions CircAPLP2 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cell lines by regulating the miR-455-3p/STMN1 axis.

Application of tenecteplase combined with tirofiban in interventional treatment for acute myocardial infarction

DI Tao, SHAO Kai, LIANG Jie, WANG Xiaozhao

2025, 45(9):  1215-1219.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1215

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Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of the combination of tenecteplase and tirofiban in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods A total of 120 AMI patients who underwent PCI in Shijiazhuang People's Hospital from June 2023 to January 2024 were collected and randomly separated into a tenecteplase group ( tenecteplase during surgery as control) and a test group ( tenecteplase in combined with tirofiban during surgery) with 60 patients in each. Two groups were compared for thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI) blood flow grading, TIMI myocardial perfusion grade(TMPG), myocardial injury markers[creatine kinase isoenzyme MB(CK-MB), cardiac troponin Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)], peak time, incidence of related bleeding events, echocardiography results [left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD), left ventricularend diastolic diameter(LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)] and incidence of major adverse cardiac events(MACEs). Results The proportion of immediate TIMI blood flow grade 3 and TMPG grade 3 in the test group was higher than that in control group(P＜0.05). The proportion of ST segment regression＞50% in test group(93.33% vs. 80.00%) was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05). The peak time of CK-MB and cTnⅠ in test group was shorter than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Three months after surgery, the LVESD and LVEDD of the test group were lower than those before surgery and those of control group(P＜0.05), and the LVEF was higher than that before surgery and that of contemporaneous control group(P＜0.05). The incidence of MACEs at 3 months after surgery was lower in the test group(6.67% compared to 21.67%,P＜0.05). Conclusions The application of tenecteplase combined with tirofiban during PCI for AMI can effectively promote myocardial perfusion recovery and ST segment regression, significantly shorten the peak time of myocardial injury markers and improve heart function and reduce MACEs.

Serum levels of phthalic acid esters metabolites are correlated with BMI in infertility patients

WEI Xuan, ZHAO Hua, LI Nana, ZHANG Huina, LIU Zixia

2025, 45(9):  1220-1223.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1220

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Objective To find the relationship between phthalates (PAEs) metabolite concentrations and body mass index (BMI) in infertile patients. Methods From December 2018 to January 2021, 120 infertile patients were selected from the Reproductive Medicine Centre of the 988^th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the Reproductive Medicine Centre of the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, while 60 patients with no history of infertility and normal weight were selected from the Medical Check-up Centre as the normal group. According to BMI index, the infertility patients were divided into the control group (BMI＜28 kg/m²), obesity group (obesity, BMI ≥28 kg/m²).The obesity group was divided into BHI (BMI≥32 kg/m²) and BH2 (BMI≥28 kg/m², ＜32 kg/m²). The basic information of each group was collected. Serum level of PAEs metabolites diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisooctyl phthalate (DEHP) was detected using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC). The relationship between PAEs metabolite concentration and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed by Spearman′s analysis. Results The serum level of DEP, DBP and DEHP was significantly higher in obese group than in the control group (P＜0.05). The serum level of DEP, DBP and DEHP was significantly higher in the control group than in the normal group (P＜0.05); The metabolites level of PAEs was higher in patients with BHI than in the patients with BH2 (P＜0.05).Spearman's analysis showed that the BMI of the patients in the obese group of infertility was positively correlated with DEP, DBP and DEHP content (P＜0.05). Conclusions Obesity and PAEs metabolite concentration in infertility patients are related, the higher the degree of obesity, the higher the content of related metabolites.

Molecular mechanisms of selenium binding protein 1 expression regulation in cancer cells

KANG Lei, ZHU Junlan

2025, 45(9):  1224-1228.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1224

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Selenium binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) is a protein related to selenium metabolism. Studies have found that SELENBP1 is abnormally expressed in various cancer cells, and its expression level is closely related to tumor occurrence, development, metastasis, and prognosis. Therefore, SELENBP1 is widely concerned, and its role in bladder cancer is being studied in-depth. This article mainly summarizes the expression regulation, biological functions, and potential molecular pathways of SELENBP1 in thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, oral squamous cell cancer, and bladder cancer. The research results may provide a reference for understanding the mechanisms of SELENBP1 in cancer cells and offer new ideas and targets for tumor diagnosis and prevention.

Research progress on macrophage polarization during the degeneration process of lumbar intervertebral discs

CHEN Wang, LI Xugui, LI Ying

2025, 45(9):  1229-1233.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1229

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During pathological progression of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (LIDD), macrophage polarization functions as a critical regulatory mechanism through the dynamic transition between M1 and M2 phenotypes. The distribution of macrophages with distinct phenotypes is related to disease stages and the microenvironment, exerting dual effects by either exacerbating inter-vertebral disc degeneration or promoting its repair. Macrophage polarization significantly influences LIDD primarily by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment of the lumbar intervertebral disc, inducing oxidative stress (OS), altering intervertebral disc cell activity, and regulating the degradation of the intervertebral disc extracellular matrix (ECM).

Advances in clinical research on stem cell therapy for sepsis

NIU Xinyu, SUN Zhiming, XIE Min, LI Shuangling

2025, 45(9):  1234-1238.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1234

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Sepsis is a life-threatening acute organ dysfunction syndrome caused by a dys-regulated host response to infection. As a regenerative medicine therapy with broad clinical prospects, stem cells have attracted significant attention due to their multifaceted biological capabilities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects, as well as immunomodulatory properties and tissue/organ repair potential. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) function through mechanisms such as modulating macrophage polarization and suppressing excessive inflammation responses, thereby promoting tissue regeneration. Pre-clinical studies demonstrate that MSCs significantly reduce sepsis mortality and decrease sepsis-associated complications including acute kidney injury (AKI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis associated myopathy. Furthermore, perinatal-derived stem cells and genetically modified stem cells have shown therapeutic promise in sepsis management. Current challenges in stem cell-based sepsis therapy cover optimizing delivery strategies, standardizing cell preparation protocols and developing biomarker-guided personalized therapeutic regimens.

Role of hydrogen sulfide in asthma

CUI Xinyue, HAN Shasha

2025, 45(9):  1239-1242.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1239

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Asthma is one of the most common diseases in chronic respiratory system; the etiology is complex, involving many types of inflammatory cells and a variety of signaling molecular mediators. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous gas transmitter in mammals, which is widely involved in cell functions and physiological and pathological processes of various diseases, including respiratory diseases. H₂S is involved in the occurrence and development of asthma through various ways. When the H₂S-producing enzyme level decreases, the concentration of endogenous H₂S level may trigger asthma attack and play a pro-inflammatory role. On the other hand, H₂S initiates pulmonary inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activation, limiting airway remodeling, and acts as an anti-remodeling and anti-inflammatory mediator. Moreover, H₂S level varies at different stages of asthma. H₂S level in patients with asthma is a potential bio-markers of airway inflammation in asthma case and my support clinical diagnosis of asthma.

TMEM gene family in tumor development

LING Caixia, WANG Chunfang, LUO Yanhong

2025, 45(9):  1243-1247.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1243

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The transmembrane protein gene family (TMEM) refers to a group of genes that encode trans-membrane proteins. The TMEM family influences tumor angiogenesis by affecting key signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis, modulating the interactions between tumor cells and endothelial cells and regulating the expression or function of VEGF and its receptor VEGFR. Thereby it may have impact on tumor blood vessel formation. Additionally, the TMEM family regulates mechanisms such as post-translational modifications of histone, which also play a role in tumor initiation and progression. Post-translational modifications of TMEM proteins including phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation and palmitoylation. TMEM family contributes to tumorigenesis and may identify some novo targets used in precise medical treatment.

“One-day” intensive training on perioperative cardiac ultrasound for anesthesiologists

BAI Bing, LI Xu, YU Chunhua, SHEN Le

2025, 45(9):  1248-1252.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1248

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Objective To explore the teaching effect of a “one-day” training model for basic application of perioperative echocardiography for refresher anesthesiologists based on AR glasses and simulators. Methods The cardiac ultrasound teaching team of the Department of Anesthesiology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital designed a “one-day” teaching course for 60 trainees with no prior experience, based on AR glasses and simulators, covering basic applications of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). We collected the scores of theoretical and practical assessments before and after the training and conducted a survey on trainee satisfaction and changes in clinical behavior post-training. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 software. Results The theoretical knowledge scores before and after the training were 52.35±12.33 and 81.20±22.78, respectively (P＜0.05); the practical assessment scores were 30.33±10.65 and 73.96±23.15, respectively (P＜0.05). Overall satisfaction rate was 96.66% (58/60). Conclusions The “one-day” teaching model for basic application of perioperative cardiac ultrasound based on AR glasses and simulators, as an introductory training model, can help beginners quickly master the core content at the entry level and lay a solid foundation for subsequent clinical application.

Efficiency of chairside case-based learning in the prosthodontic clinic

HUO Jingyi, GUO Chunlan, ZHANG Xinyuan, YOU Pengyue, WU Xiaomin, WAN Kuo, DONG Haitao

2025, 45(9):  1253-1257.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1253

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Objective To evaluate the application of modified chairside case-based learning (CBL) in the teaching of dental residents in the prosthodontic clinic. Methods Dental residents in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2022 to September 2024 were enrolled. Traditional CBL was conducted in control group. Modified chairside CBL was conducted in test group. The scores of department rotation examination and questionnaire results were analyzed with t-test statistical analysis. Results The score of “patient reception” in test group was significantly higher than control group(P＜0.05). 24 valid questionnaires were collected in two groups each. The rate of approval in test group was significantly higher than control group in the following items of questionnaire, including “reduce learning pressure or burden” “improve the capacity of doctor-patient communication” “improve the capacity of literature review” “improve the capacity of group cooperation”(P＜0.05). Conclusions Modified chairside CBL has showed good teaching effects in improving the capacity of patient reception, doctor-patient communication, literature review, group cooperation, and meanwhile reduced learning pressure or burden.

Evaluation of apprenticeship case-based teaching in traditional Chinese medicine formulas instruction for nursing

SHI Yue, YANG Dan, WU Qunli, JING Guangchan, LIU Yi, SUN Qing, SHI Xiaohu

2025, 45(9):  1258-1260.  doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.09.1258

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Objective To explore the effectiveness of the “apprenticeship case-based teaching” method in the instruction of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas for nursing students. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 135 undergraduate nursing students from the 2023 cohort at Peking Union Medical College. Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (receiving apprenticeship case-based teaching) or a control group (receiving conventional teaching). Teaching effectiveness was evaluated through classroom instruction followed by a routine test. The test covered the indications and key diagnostic points of eight representative TCM formulas. Results The experimental group overruns the control group on most test items. Statistically significant differences (P＜0.05) were observed in questions related to Ma Huang Tang, Xiao Chai Hu Tang, Da Cheng Qi Tang, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, and Ba Zheng San. Conclusions The apprenticeship case-based teaching method significantly enhances students'learning gain about key diagnostic principles in TCM formulas and improves capacity building of clinical reasoning. This method should be shared by schools of nursing in the teaching reformation of TCM curriculum.