Table of Content

05 April 2016, Volume 36 Issue 4

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Berberine attenuates myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rat

2016, 36(4):  433-438. 

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Objective To determine the protective effect of berberine (BBR) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury in rats and the role of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in this process. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=36): Sham, Sham+BBR, Sham+AG (AG490, the inhibiter of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway), MI/R+V (vehicle), MI/R+BBR, Sham+BBR+AG and MI/R+AG, and then exposed to MI/R insult. After 4 h of reperfusion, myocardial p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 ratios, and the apoptotic related protein expressions were assessed. After 6 h of reperfusion, myocardial apoptotic index and infarct size were evaluated. The cardiac function were measured after72 h of reperfusion. Results BBR treatment significantly improved cardiac functional and reduced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. In addition, BBR treatment also activated JAK2/STAT3 signaling and suppressed apoptotic signaling. However, these protective effects were all inhibited by AG treatment. Conclusion The present experiment showed that BBR attenuated MI/R injury by reducing apoptosis possibly via activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

miR-140 is low expressed in osteosarcoma tissues and the over expression of miRNA-140 can promote the apoptosis of osteosarcoma cell line U2 in vitro

2016, 36(4):  439-444. 

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Objective To detect the expression of miR-140 in osteosarcoma tissues and investigate the effect of miR-140 on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of human osteosarcoma cell line U2. Methods The real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-140 in osteosarcoma tissues and corresponding paratumorous tissues from 40 patients. The expression levels of miR-140 in osteosarcoma cell line U2 after transfected with miR-140 mimic were measured by qRT-PCR. The proliferation and apoptosis of U2 cells were assessed by cell counting kit (CCK-8 method) and flow cytometry, respectively. And the in vitro invasion ability of U2 cells was detected with Transwell chamber assay, The protein changes of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) of U2 cells after transfection were detected by Western blotting. Results The 72.5% (29/40) of miR-140 was low expressed in osteosarcoma tissues compared with the adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05).The miR-140 expression of U2 cells after transfection was significantly up-regulated (P<0.05), The apoptosis rate of U2 cells was significantly increased (P<0.05), The proliferation and invasion abilities were inhibited significantly (P<0.05). The relative protein expressions of HDAC4 in miR-140 mimic transfection group were significantly lower than those in negative control group (P<0.05). Conclusion MiR-140 is low expressed in human osteosarcoma tissue. MicroRNA-140 inhibits the proliferation and invasion activities of osteosarcoma cell line U2 and promotes cells’ apoptosis in vitro. These biological effects may partially attribute to miR-140 characters of targeting and inhibiting the HDAC4 expression.

miR-1247-5p targets regulation of Samd2 gene expression

2016, 36(4):  445-450. 

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Objective:Use the miR-1247-5p mimics which can over-expression miR-1247-5p and explore its targeted effects on Smad2 which is a key protein in TGF-? signaling pathway.Methods: Use the miR-1247-5p mimics and miR-1247-5p inhibitors Synthesized by the company.Based on chemical technology to synthetic stem-loop structure RNA of Smad2 3'-UTR which is complementary to miR-1247-5p,and cloned it into the linearized Report plasmid which was digested by restriction enzyme,then sequenced,the positive recombinants were transfected into HEK-293 T cells;use the relative luciferase activity test,and Western blot test to validate the targeted regulatory relationship between miR-1247-5p and Smad2 3'-UTR. Results: The recombinant plasmid of Report-Smad2-3'UTR were constructed successfully,and Western blot test confirmed that the over-expression of miR-1247-5p suppressed the expression level of Smad2 protein significantly(P<0.05);suppression of miR-1247-5p expression increased the expression level of Smad2 protein significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:miR-1247-5p can directly target on the gene expression of Smad2.It is regulated at the protein level,construct the foundation of miRNA for regulation of the further research on signaling pathways.

Association of CETP I405V polymorphism with serum lipid levels in the long-lived population

2016, 36(4):  451-455. 

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Objective To explore the polymorphism of CETP I405V in the long-lived population residing Guangxi Hongshuihe River Basin and explore the possible association with lipid level and human longevity in the region. Methods Genotyping of CETP I405V was performed with PCR-RFLP for 523 long-lived individuals (HL) and 498 non-long-lived individuals (HNL) from Guangxi Hongshuihe River Basin. Association analyses were conducted among genotypes and serum lipids. Results (1) The main allelic (I) and genotypic (II, IV) frequencies of the people in this area were 58.96%,34.28%,49.36%. When stratified by gender and BMI, no significantly different allelic and genotypic frequency on CETP I405V loci was found in the HL. However, when stratified by gender, females in HNL were found to carry more II, VV and less IV than did males(P<0.01). The frequency of VV and II in the HNL was found higher while IV was lower in the overweight subgroup than that in the non-overweight(P<0.05). (2) No difference was revealed among genotypes in both HL and HNL of serum lipid levels. When stratified by group, gender and BMI, serum lipid levels among the genotypes presented different changing trends, but lack of rules to follow. Conclusion There are no correlation between the polymorphism of CETP I405V and natural longevity of in Guangxi Hongshuihe region. The lipid profiles of long-lived individuals might be modulated by other unrevealed variants and their interplay with non-genetic factors.

Changes of IL-17A in brain and serum and its effect on ischemic neurons of mice with ischemic stroke

2016, 36(4):  456-461. 

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Objective To explore the changes of interleukin -17A(IL-17A)in cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) and serum after ischemic stroke. And then investigate its role in ischemic neuronal injury and its possible pathway. Methods Establish mouse cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model with cortical primary neurons, and use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the level of IL-17A in serum and cerebrospinal fluid at 6, 12 h, 1, 3, 7 d and per-infarct cortex homogenates at 12 h. With 5, 10, 100 and 500 ng / mL of recombinant IL-17A (rIL-17A) and OGD treatment on wild-type mice (n = 8) and without rIL-17A treatment on knockout mice (n = 5), use MTS assay and Western Blot to detect its effect on ischemic neurons. Results IL-17A significately increased in per-infarct cortex homogenates(P<0.001, n=5) and CSF at 12 h after MCAO (P<0.05, n=5), while in serum it began to increase at 1 d(P<0.05, n=5) and peaked at 3 d (P<0.001, n=7); In vitro, rIL-17A aggravated neuronal death in dose-dependent manner after OGD while it had no effect on neuronal death under normoxia culture(P<0.05，n=8); The ratio of Cl/pro-caspase 3 and the Beclin 1 protein levels increased after OGD treatment. However, this effect could be reversed in lacking of IL-17A after OGD treatment (P<0.05, n=5). Conclusion IL-17A in the serum and CSF after ischemic stroke show different change, and it plays an important role in aggravating neuronal injury possibly through autophagy and apoptosis pathways.

The regulation of p38MAPK on GFAP and vimentin expressions at the early stage of glia scar formation after spinal cord injury in rats

2016, 36(4):  462-467. 

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Objective To explore p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38MAPK) regulating glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and vimentin expressions at the early stage of glia scar formation after spinal cord injury in rats. Methods Rats were divided into sham group, model group, p38MAPK specific agonists group(anisomycin group) and p38MAPK specific inhibitor group(SB203580 group) randomly. Normal saline(model group), p38MAPK agonist anisomycin(anisomycin group), p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580(SB203580 group) every 10 ?L were respectively injected in the damaged area under spinal dura mater after the experimental model of SCI were created by extradural compression of the spinal cord using an aneurysm clip, and the sham group rats underwent laminectomy without SCI. The hind legs movement function of rats was evaluated by BBB scale on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th day after SCI, and the the expressions of GFAP and vimentin were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence assay. Results On the 14th day after SCI, the BBB scores of model group was significantly lower than that of sham group(p<0.01). the BBB scores of SB203580 group was significantly higher than that of model group(p<0.05), but was still lower than that of sham group(p<0.01), and the BBB scores of anisomycin group was significantly lower than that of model group(p<0.05). On the 7th and 14th day after SCI, the expressions of GFAP and vimentin in the model group was significantly higher than that in sham group(p<0.01). the expressions of GFAP and vimentin in SB203580 group was significantly lower than that in model group(p<0.05), but was still higher than that in sham group(p<0.05), and the expresssions of GFAP and vimentin in anisomycin group was significantly higher than that in model group(p<0.05). Conclusion p38MAPK can regulate the expressions of GFAP and vimentin at the early stage of glial scar formation after SCI. Inhibit p38MAPK can reduce the expressions of GFAP and vimentin, lighten glial scar formation after SCI in rats, promote the recovery of neural function.

Aliskiren ameliorates cancer cachexia in mice

2016, 36(4):  468-473. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of ASK on cancer cachexia and its associated mechanism.Methods BALB/c mices were randomly assigned into control group (Con), cancer cachexia group (CA) and ASK intervenient group. Murine colon adenocarcinoma C26 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into mices to induce cachexia. The ASK intervenient group were respectively gavaged with ASK 10 mg /(kg?d) on day 6 and 12(AP and AT group) after injection.Body weight ,spontaneous activity and tumor growth were monitored daily. amples were collected on day 20 and ELISA,colorimetric method,Real-time PCR and Western blot were applied to examincorrelative indexes.Results ASK inhibted the growth of tumor,attenuated the loss of body mass ,increased gastrocnemius weight and its myofiber cross-sectional area and spontaneous activity. Compared with Con group,the levels of renin and angiotensinⅡ in serum and the levels of TNF-α,IL-6 in serum and gastrocnemius of mice in CA group were significantlyhigther(P<0.05); The level of MDA in mice gastrocnemius of CA group was increased and the levels of SOD,GSH-Px were reduced(P<0.05);The mRNAs and proteins expression of Binp3,LC3,Beclin1 in mice gastrocnemius of CA group were upregulated,the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰwas increased(P<0.05).These indicators change were attenuated by ASK in AT and AP group,and the effect of AP group was superior to that in AT group(P<0.05).Conclusions The effect of ASK alleviating cancer cachexia may be related to inhibitrennin-angiotensin system,thus reduce the oxidative and inflammatory burden, and which in turn to suppress autophagy- lysosome pathway.

The relationship between microRNA let-7a-3 gene promoter methylation and diabetic nephropathy

2016, 36(4):  474-479. 

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Objective To explore the relationship between microRNA let-7a-3 gene promoter methylation and diabetic nephropathy(DN). Methods Methylation sites were predicted in the promoter region of let-7a-3 gene by bioinformatics methods. Real-time PCR and real-time methylation specific PCR (qMSP) were used to detect the expression and methylation levels in 20 cases of diabetic nephropathy patients (DN group), 20 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM group) and 20 cases of normal control (CON group). Results Let-7a-3 was down-expressed in DN group compared with that in DM and CON groups. Moreover, the average methylation ratio of let-7a-3 was 96.2% ± 6.2% in DN group, 76.6% ± 18.9% in DM group, and 63.2% ± 28.4% in CON group. The average methylation ratio of let-7a-3 in DN group was significantly higher than that in CON and DM groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Promoter hypermethylation of let-7a-3 may play a role in the down-expression of let-7a-3, and may participate in the regulation of the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy.

Long non-coding RNA LINC00260 inhibits inflammatory response and cell migration in Helicobacter pylori infected gastric epithelial cell line

2016, 36(4):  480-485. 

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Objective To study the function and potential mechanism of long non-coding RNA LINC00260 in gastric cancer infected by Helicobacter pylori. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyze the differential expression of LINC00260 in normal gastric epithelial cell GES-1 infected with HP. Gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 was transient transfected with siRNA to down-regulate LINC00260 and co-cultured with HP, and then the inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 were detected; Gastric cancer cell migration was detected by cell scratch assay after LINC00260 was knocked down. Results 1) The morphology of GES1 and SGC-7901 cells were changed after HP infection; 2) The expression level of LINC00260 was significantly reduced in gastric epithelial cells infected with HP (P<0.05); 3) The expression level of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 were down-regulated in cells co-cultured with HP following LINC00260 inhibition. 4) Knocking down the expression of LINC00260 retarded the speed of cell migration. Conclusion LINC00260 might be an oncogene which plays an important role in gastric cancer caused by HP.

Electrospun Poly-(ε-caprolactone) Nanofibrous Scaffolds Support Cardiomyocyte Markers Expression of Murine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell

2016, 36(4):  486-491. 

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Objective Stem cell- and biomimetic scaffold-based myocardial tissue engineering is becoming one of the most promising methods for constructing artificial myocardium in vitro, however the possible influence of biomimetic scaffolds on cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) remains to be elaborated. Methods The Oct4-GFP+ mouse iPSCs (miPSCs) were seeded directly on the poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibrous biomimetic scaffolds, which were fabricated by an electrospun technology, and differentiated for 15 days. The development of CMs was verified both by immunofluorescence staining and by Western blot detection. Results The results showed that miPSCs, expressing Oct4 and Nanog before differentiation, proliferated on the PCL nanofibrous scaffold and grew in colonies during spontaneous differentiation period. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that some of the miPSCs-derived cells were co-labeled with cardiomyocyte specific proteins, such as cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) and myosin light chain 2a (MLC2a). Moreover, Western blot demonstrated that cells derived from miPSCs after differentiation for 15 days expressed higher levels of cTnT, MLC2 and α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) than controls. Conclusion Theses results suggest that the PCL nanofibrous scaffold could support proliferation and cardiomyocyte differentiation of the Oct4-GFP+ miPSC.

Characterization of a novel lncRNA Gm2694 specifically expressed in mice cerebellum

2016, 36(4):  492-497. 

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Objective To identify novel lncRNAs involved in cerebellar neurogenesis and validate the expression of related splice variants. Methods Microarray analysis of infant (P7) and adult (P28) mice cerebellar RNA was performed to discover novel lncRNAs involved in mice cerebellum neurogenesis. RT-qPCR was then performed to validate the expression of candidate lncRNAs and splice variants. Results A novel lncRNA, Gm2694, was found to be specifically expressed in mice cerebellum in a developmentally regulated manner. In total 8 kinds of splice variants has been detected in cerebellum with various expression levels: besides 7 variants as predicted in the Ensembl databases, another novel variant was identified in mice cerebellum by RACE cDNA amplification. Conclusion Temporal spatial analysis reveals that Gm2694 is a novel lncRNA possibly involved in mice cerebellum neurogenesis.

The lentivirus-mediated shRNA targeting ANGPTL4 inhibits the migration and invasion of SiHa cells

2016, 36(4):  498-502. 

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Objective To investigate the effect of lentivirus-mediated shRNA silencing angiopoietin-like protein 4(ANGPTL4) gene on migration and invasion of cervical cancer cell line SiHa. Methods In this experiment, three groups were designed: control, negative control and LV3/ANGPTL4 groups. The shRNA for lentiviral interference vectors were infected into SiHa cells. The expressions of Integrinβ1, VEGF and MMP9 protein were detected by Western blot. The migration and invasion ability of SiHa cells were detected by scratch wound assay and Transwell respectively. Results ANGPTL4 shRNA lentiviral interference vectors were successfully infected into SiHa cells. Compared with those in control group and negative control group, the expressions of Integrinβ1, VEGF and MMP9 protein in LV3/ANGPTL4 group were down-regulated(P<0.01). The migration and invasion ability of SiHa cells in LV3/ANGPTL4 group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Lentiviral-shRNA vector targeting ANGPTL4 gene can down-regulate the expression of Integrinβ1, VEGF and MMP9 protein in SiHa cells. It also can effectively inhibit the migration and invasion ability of Siha cells.

The Relationship between Polymorphism of rs2231142 of ABCG2 Gene and Primary Gout in Zhe Nan Population

2016, 36(4):  503-507. 

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Objective To explore the correlation between polymorphism of rs2231142 of ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member2 gene (ABCG2) and primary gout in Zhe Nan population. Methods 508 primary gout patients and 558 normal medical examination people were recruited from Zhe Nan area. These subjects underwent clinical test, gene polymorphism analysis by droplet digital PCR. Results The Uric Acid, triglyceride, cholesterol, urea nitrogen, creatinine and systolic pressure levels in the primary gout group were significantly higher than control group（p<0.05）. The incidences of the ABCG2gene rs2231142 AA genotype and the frequencies of A allele were significantly higher than control group（p<0.05）. Comparison AA genotype/AC genotype with CC genotype in primary gout group, the Uric Acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were significantly higher（p<0.05）. Conclusions The rs2231142 polymorphism of ABCG2 gene may be susceptibility to primary gout and play a role in the development of primary gout in the zhe nan population, and AA genotype individuals were more susceptible to primary gout.

Effects of TMPRSS2-ERG and MMP-9 gene on the invasiveness of prostate cancer

2016, 36(4):  508-512. 

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Objective To explore the association of TMPRSS2-ERG (T-E) and MMP-9 gene on improve the invasiveness of prostate cancer. Methods Using FISH and RT-PCR to detect the expression of T-E and MMP-9 gene of prostate tissues, respectively. Including 40 metastatic prostate cancer cases, 20 localized prostate cancer cases, and 20 benign prostatic hyperplasia cases. Preparing siRNA that anti ERG and MMP-9 respectively, and transfecting them to two kinds of prostate cancer cells, then using Transwell detect the change of invasion ability of cells. Results The positive rates of T-E fusion gene and MMP-9 gene in 3 groups were gradually decreased (P＜0.05); they were positive associated with Gleason score (P＜0.05) and serum PSA level (P＜0.05) in metastatic prostate cancer group, respectively. In metastatic prostate cancer group, the expression of MMP-9 gene in T-E fusion gene positive patients is significantly higher than that in negative patients (P＜0.05), furthermore, the expression of the two genes was positively correlated with each other (r=0.875，P＜0.05). Downregulateing the expression of ERG gene can significantly reduce the invasion of VCaP cells (T-E fusion gene-positive), while reducing the expression of MMP-9 gene can only effectively Inhibit the invasion of LNCaP cells (T-E fusion gene-negative). Conclusion The expression of T-E fusion gene and MMP-9 gene were positively correlated with the invasiveness of prostate cancer, and T-E fusion gene can increase MMP-9 gene expression to improve the invasiveness. Both of them play a role in invasive prostate cancer, but MMP-9 may not be the target gene of T-E fusion gene.

Impacts of IGFBP4 on proliferation and neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of rats

2016, 36(4):  513-519. 

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Objective To explore the effects of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP4) on the proliferation and neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC). Methods BMSCs from SD male rats were isolated by the Whole Marrow Adherence Method and identified using immunofluorescence. IGFBP4 expression in the P1, P4, P6, P8 and P10 BMSCs was detected. P4 BMSCs were divided into two groups, and their proliferation activity was detected by CCK8 assay after treatment with or without exogenous IGFBP4. The P4 BMSCs were further divided into three groups to evaluate their potentials of neural differentiation after treatment with NeuroCult medium plus EGF+bFGF or EGF+bFGF+IGFBP4. Neural progenitor cells with neurosphere-like structures were identified by immunostaining of Nestin and Sox-2. The number of the induced neurosphere-like structure was counted and the proliferation of neural progenitor cells was assayed. Results BMSCs from SD rats were successfully cultured, and the cells were positive for CD44, CD90 and CD105. The intensity of IGFBP4 expression was increased after passaging, and IGFBP4 could significantly inhibit BMSCproliferation (P<0.05). BMSCs could be induced to form neural progenitor cells which were immunopositive for Nestin and Sox-2. IGFBP4 promoted the differentiation of BMSCs into neural progenitor stem cells, as manifested by an increased size of neurospheres and increased activity of proliferation (P<0.05). Conclusions IGFBP4 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of BMSCs and promote the differentiation of BMSCs into neural progenitor stem cells.

The expression and effect of long noncoding RNA Linc00467 in colorectal cancer

Li-na WU Xiao-zhong PENG

2016, 36(4):  520-525. 

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Objective To explore the expression and function of lncRNA Linc00467 in colorectal cancer. Methods 67 patients of colorectal cancer were selected and their clinicopathological characteristics were collected. The expression level of Linc00467 in colorectal cancer tissues, adjacent normal tissues, normal colon cells and colon cancer cells were detected by real-time PCR. Results The expression level of Linc00467 in human colorectal cancer tissues and colon cancer cells were significantly high. There is no significant difference between the expression level of Linc00467 and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer. Linc00467 promoted CRC cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions Linc00467 may serve as a new biomarker in human colorectal cancer.

Clinical characteristics of composite adrenal medullary tumor

2016, 36(4):  526-530. 

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Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, management and prognosis of composite adrenal medullary tumor(pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma). Methods Eleven cases of composite adrenal medullary tumor were retrospectively analyzed on clinical materials. Summarize clinical manifestation, laboratory examinations, assistant examinations and pathological histology results, their follow-up data were got throμgh outpatient. Results Six cases were male,another five cases were female,aged 37 to 63 years.Ten of them had the history of hypertension,three of them accompanied with paroxysmal palpitation, while one case without any symptom.Twenty-four hours urinary catecholamine examination revealed that nine cases were at elevated level and the others were normal,the level of dopamine was elevated in six cases. Computerized tomography(CT) showed single tumor in adrenal gland, four cases in left, another seven cases in right. The diameter was 2.2 to 16.4cm, average 5.8cm. CT demonstrated that these tumours were heterogeneous and there was significant enhancement on postcontrast phase. Six cases had cystic components. Five of nine cases showed positive result in 99mTc-hydrazinonicotinamide-3 trypsin octreotide (HTOC) scintigraphy. Five cases all showed positive results in 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy. Ten cases were managed with α-adrenergic receptor blocker preoperatively for 2 to 4 weeks. Tumor resection was performed in all 11 cases, and ten cases by retroperitoneal laparoscopy, one by open surgery. All 11 cases were diagnosed as composite pheochromocytoma of adrenal(Pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroma) by pathology. All patients had no evidence of recurrence or metastasis during follow-up from 10 to 136 months.Nine of ten cases with hypertension reverted to normotensive. Conclusions Composite pheochromocytoma of adrenal is rare, difficult to be diagnosed preoperatively. Most cases were functional. Biopsy is the only accurate diagnostic method.Surgical resection is the best choice for treatment.Without malignant component, composite pheochromocytoma shows favourable prognosis.

Clinical application of bandage contact lens for neuroparalytic keratitis

2016, 36(4):  531-533. 

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Objective To evaluate the clinical application effect of bandage contact lens on neuroparalytic keratitis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 29 eyes of 29 cases with neuroparalytic keratitis treated in our hospital from Janunary 2011 to Janunary 2015. 14eyes of 29 eyes wore bandage contact lens and dripped eye drops and 15 eyes of 25 eyes were treated with the same eye drops as the bandage contact lens group. The improvement rate and the cure rate were evaluated at 7 and 14 days. Following –up was from 4 weeks to 3 months . Results The improvement rate and the cure rate of the bandage contact lens group were significantly higher than that of the drug group (P≤0.05)and there were no infections and complications happened. Conclusion The bandage contact lens can significantly promote the healing of corneal epithelia and cure effectively neuroparalytic keratitis.

Puerarin attenuates hippocampus ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats

2016, 36(4):  534-536. 

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Progress of dopamine and its receptors in immune regulation

2016, 36(4):  537-541. 

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Dopamine(DA) is a important catecholamines. Dopaminergic neural system is composed of dopamine and dopamine receptor(DR). Immune cell can synthesize, store, and diliver DA which regulate the resting activation, proliferation and apoptosis of the immune cells by autocrine and paracrine. DRs almost exist in all the immune cells. Activation of the receptor, by DA or DRs agonists can influence the immune cell division and cytokine release. Therefore, DA and DRs can regulate the disease of immune system with abnormal immune cells.

Advances of Notch signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma

2016, 36(4):  542-546. 

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Notch signaling pathway is a highly conservative signaling pathway, which plays a key role in regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, as well as a series of physiological and pathological processes. Notch signaling was frequently found to be mutation of abnormal expression and activation in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), which promoted the development of HCC through a variety of mechanisms and closely related to the invasion, metastasis and prognosis of HCC. Thus, Notch signaling may become a new target for treatment of HCC, providing new directions and opportunities for HCC.

Advances in oncolytic adenovirus antitumor therapy

2016, 36(4):  547-551. 

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Oncolytic adenovirus is a category of adenovirus which is reconstructed by genetic engineering. The adenovirus can infect and replicate in a selective and specifical manner until the tumor cell is destroyed, while it is harmless to normal cells during the process. A bulk of strategies, hitherto, have been attempted for improving the antitumor activity and safety of oncolytic adenovirus in treatment of cancer, including altering the way of transduction, utilizing tumor-specific promoter and enhancer control of the expression of therapeutic gene as well as combining with the radiotherapy, chemotherapy or immunotherapy for synergistic effect.

Progress of MiR-140 in the differentiation of cartilage and osteoarthritis

2016, 36(4):  552-555. 

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage, limited intra-articular inflammation with synovitis, and changes in peri-articular and subchondral bone. Cell death with molecular features of apoptosis has been detected in OA cartilage, which suggests a key role for chondrocyte death in the pathogenesis of OA. So the regulation of the differentiation of cartilage plays a crucial role in the blocking development of OA. MiR-140 is specifically expressed in cartilage. More and more evidence demonstrated that miR-140 plays important roles in the molecular mechanisms in chondrogenic differentiation as well as OA by suppressing gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The study of the miR-140 will provide new insights into the mechanism of OA and potential novel targets in the treatment of OA.

The application of CDIO-based Repeat Teaching method in the nurses' on- job training at private hospitals

2016, 36(4):  556-559. 

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Objective Investigate the results of applications of the CDIO-based repeat teaching method in nurses’ on the job training at private hospitals. Methods Randomly divide 30 nursing college graduate students into two groups in same size of 15 people per group, one group is set as teaching reform group, using repeat teaching method with teamwork in preparation; the other group is the control group, using traditional teaching methods. Evaluate the effect of the reform of teaching methods through after training self-assessment and other assessment methods. Result Among test scores in those two groups in terms of such following perspectives as practicing ability, innovation ability, nurse-patient communication skills, team communication skills, time management skills, ability to solve difficult problems, active learning, the recognition ability over work’s difficulty and other aspects, scores of teaching reform group are far better than the one of traditional control group (P <0.05); comprehensive assessment demonstrates that repeat-teaching method outperforms traditional teaching methods. Conclusion Repeat-teaching method, free from negative effects of private hospitals’ lacking in high-quality clinical teaching resources, helps to improve nurses' ability to learn and motivation to solve practical problems, and therefore has bright prospects in applications.

Practice and exploration of medical undergraduate students participating in extracurricular scientific research

2016, 36(4):  560-562. 

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Extracurricular scientific research activity plays a pivotal role in improving the research and comprehensive ability of medical undergraduate students. In this article the authors share their experiences, organizing and guiding extracurricular scientific research activities, summing up experience from teacher-trainee two-way choice, scientific research team, tutor guidance, supervision, incentive system and thorough ponder carried on implementation of extracurricular research activities.

Teaching experience for the clinical anatomy

2016, 36(4):  563-565. 

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In order to strengthen the basic medicine and clinical conection, cultivating the graduate student's exercise ability, I took part in teaching courses of clinical anatomy in the graduate school of Peking union medical college. After several years of teaching practice, the experience and problems were summarized in order to provide a reference for the curriculum development in the future.

Investigation of the doctors’ professional qualities from the perspectives of the nurses by nominal group technique

2016, 36(4):  566-569. 

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Objective To investigate the professional qualities which excellent doctors should possess from the perspectives of the nurses and lay the foundation for establishing the comprehensive evaluation criteria of excellent doctors. Methods Nominal group technique was used to investigate the nursing students in seven classes from four grades in Peking Union Medical College, and the semi-quantitative results about the central issue was obtained through the process of discussion, integration and scoring. Results Nine types of professional qualities was given beforehand: clinical ability, communication skill, collaboration, critical thinking of ethics, humane care, pursuit of excellence, responsibility, service spirit, integrity and honesty. Also participants added 10 new qualities in “other kinds ” after discussion : stress tolerance, self-management, professional pursuit, modesty and caution, personal health, decision of professional development, psychological quality, self-development, self-development and humanities culture. All the nursing students regard clinical ability as the most important one in the professional qualities. Humane care ranked the second compared with the clinical ability. Human care ranked second in four groups and third in one group, and responsibility got score in each group and ranked the top three in the seven groups. Conclusions From the perspectives of nurses, clinical ability, humane care and responsibility are in the front rank of the professional qualities excellent doctors should possess.

Teaching experience of physiological designing experimental courses for eight-academic-year medical students

Li YAN Ji-Min Cao

2016, 36(4):  570-573. 

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This paper displayed the overall thought of the physiological designing experimental courses, and introduced the experience and existing problems in the teaching for eight-academic-year medical students in Peking Union Medical College from 1980s. We should emphasize the development of innovation ability, and stimulate the initiative of learning of the students. Moreover, we must try our best to cultivate the students’ spirit of cooperation and creative thinking, in order to establish a solid foundation for the further clinical practice.

The development and characteristic of feedback teaching and those exertion traits of clinical education

2016, 36(4):  574-576. 

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As the feedback of teaching developing with time, the new requirements of feedback teaching have been suggested that teaching feedback should consider the overall development of student’s career, balance of quantity and quality, the diversity of role, standard and information. This article would analysis the strategy and exertion of feedback teaching in clinical education, which is precise and flexible, and evaluated those model by clarify, efficiency, sincerity, accuracy and diversity in feedback teaching.