Abstract: microRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNA molecules of about 22 nucleotides that play a key role in posttranslational gene silencing.Circulation miRNA, such as miR-146a, miR-223, miR-150, miR-15 and miR-16, play important roles in the evaluation of septic patients' status. In this article, we summarize the recent progress on the circulating miRNAas biomarkers for the diagnosis of sepsis and how miRNAs regulate the inflammatory responses in sepsis.

Key words: microRNA, sepsis, biomarker