Abstract: The ulcerative colitis is closely related to the development of colitis associated cancer. The main mechanisms related to the occurrence, development and malignant transformation of CAC includes NF-κB pathway, signal transducers and activator of transcription (STAT) and related protein pathways, intestinal microflora imbalance, the immune microenvironment and Toll-like receptor (TLR) -related pathway and so on.

Key words: ulcerative colitis, colitis-associated colon cancer, pathogenesis mechanism