摘要：

阿尔茨海默病是发病率较高且受到广泛重视的神经变性病，其发病机制尚未阐明，主要与β-淀粉样蛋白沉积、tau 蛋白过度磷酸化、胆碱能神经元缺失有关。阿尔茨海默病的治疗以对症治疗为主，且无法逆转病程，因此早期诊断尤为重要。本文拟对近年阿尔茨海默病早期诊断研究进展进行综述，以期准确预测轻度认知损害进展至阿尔茨海默病进程，为早期诊断与有效治疗提供参考。

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 综述

Abstract:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a kind of central nervous system degenerative disease with higher incidence, which has been paid increasing attention. The pathogenesis is not yet clear though it has been studied a lot. The existing theories focused on amyloid β-protein (Aβ) deposit, hyperphosphorylation of tau and cholinergic neuronal loss. There is mainly symptomatic treatment which cannot reverse disease course. So early diagnosis is particularly important for prevention and treatment of AD. The article will review recent advances in the studies of early diagnosis of AD. It may help accurately diagnose the process from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to early AD and give advice on prevention and treatment.

Key words: Alzheimer disease, Review