摘要： 脑血管病患病率和发病率较高且易复发，是临床病死和病残的重要原因。脑血管病危险因素众多，不可干预因素包括高龄、性别、低出生体重、种族和遗传等；可干预因素包括高血压、糖尿病、心房颤动及其他心脏疾病、血脂异常、无症状性颈动脉狭窄、肥胖、吸烟、不健康生活方式、酗酒、代谢综合征、高同型半胱氨酸血症等，其中高血压为最重要的独立危险因素。对脑血管病危险因素进行有效干预和管理，能够减少或延缓脑血管病的发生。

关键词: 卒中, 危险因素, 综述

Abstract: Cerebrovascular diseases are important causes of clinical death and disability because of high prevalence and morbidity and easy to recurrence. A number of risk factors have involved in the progress of cerebrovascular diseases, which include uncontrolled and controlled risk factors. The former refers to old age, gender, low birth weight, race/ethnicity, genetic factors, etc. The latter includes hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation and other cardiac diseases, dyslipidemia, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, obesity, smoking, unhealthy lifestyle, alcoholism, metabolic syndrome, hyperhomocysteinemia, etc. Meanwhile, hypertension is the most important one in the above-mentioned risk factors. It would effectively reduce or postpone the onset of cerebrovascular diseases through proper intervention and management on those risk factors.

Key words: Stroke, Risk factors, Review