摘要： 本文对多发性硬化、吉兰-巴雷综合征、重症肌无力，以及多发性肌炎和皮肌炎共4 种临床典型神经免疫性疾病的电生理学表现进行描述，论述诱发电位对多发性硬化、神经传导检测对吉兰-巴雷综合征、重复神经电刺激和单纤维肌电图对重症肌无力，以及针极肌电图对多发性肌炎和皮肌炎的诊断价值，有助于全面认识电生理学检测对神经免疫性疾病的诊断价值及临床意义。

关键词: 多发性硬化, 格林-巴利综合征, 重症肌无力, 多发性肌炎, 皮肌炎, 电生理学, 综述

Abstract: The neuroelectrophysiological manifestations of four clinical typical neurological autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), myasthenia gravis (MG), and polymyositis and dermatomyositis were reviewed in this paper. The diagnostic value of evoked potentials for multiple sclerosis, nerve conduction studies (NCS) for Guillain-Barré syndrome, repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) and single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG) for myasthenia gravis, and needle electromyography for polymyositis and dermatomyositis were respectively discussed. This review will help to have comprehensive understanding on electrophysiological examinations and their clinical significance in the diagnosis of neurological autoimmune diseases.

Key words: Multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Myasthenia gravis, Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis, Electrophysiology, Review