摘要： 作为新兴分支学科的神经病毒学源自医学病毒学和神经病学，其研究领域既包括神经系统病毒感染性疾病的临床实践，也包括医学病毒学范围的基础实验。随着分子生物学研究的突飞猛进、新技术的开发和应用，病毒学研究在经过了抗体水平、细胞水平阶段后，发展到了分子水平。单克隆抗体、核酸杂交技术和病毒基因工程不仅使分子病毒学基础研究取得了进展，而且在病毒感染性疾病的快速诊断和疫苗制备上有了实际的应用价值。

关键词: 中枢神经系统病毒感染, 综述

Abstract: As a new subdiscipline, neurovirology derives from medical virology and neurology. Its research field includes both clinical practice of viral infectious diseases of the nervous system and fundamental research of medical virology. With rapidly advancing of molecular biology and development of new technique, virology is developed into molecular level from antibody and cellular levels. Technology of monoclonal antibody, nucleic acid hybridization and viral genetic engineering not only promote theoretical study of molecular virology, but also possess application value on both rapid diagnosis of viral infectious diseases and preparation of vaccine.

Key words: Central nervous system viral diseases, Review