Abstract: Obesity during childhood not only increases the risk of various chronic diseases, but also may affect a child's intelligence level and executive function, and even lead to mental and psychological problems. The impact of childhood obesity on health can persist into adulthood, leading to a series of obesity-related complications, such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, hypertension, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, obstructive sleep apnea, asthma, precocious puberty, and hypogonadism. Paying attention to the issue of childhood obesity, early identification and relevant intervention are expected to reduce the harm caused by obesity.

Key words: childhood obesity, complication, pathogenesis