Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of acute corpus callosum infarction. Methods A total of 1 466 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the Neurology Department of Jiangbin Hospital in Guangxi from January 2019 to October 2023 and Neurology Department of Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2022 to December 2022. Among them, 21 patients with acute corpus callosum infarction confirmed by MRI (observation group) and 25 patients with isolated subcortical infarction at the same period (control group) were selected. By comparing clinical data and follow-up information between two groups, we summarized the clinical characteristics of acute corpus callosum infarction, and analyzed the relevant factors affecting the prognosis of the corpus callosum infarction group. Results Acute corpus callosum infarction accounted for 1.43% (21/1 466) of patients with acute cerebral infarction in the same period. The main clinical manifestations include limb paralysis, cognitive decline, and speech impairment. Compared with the control group, the group with corpus callosum infarction had a longer onset visit time (P＜0.05), more cognitive impairment (P＜0.05), a higher proportion of mild stroke (P＜0.05), more worsening symptoms during the course of the disease (P＜0.05), a higher proportion of cardioembolic type (P＜0.05), a lower proportion of small artery occlusion type (P＜0.05) and a higher proportion of good prognosis (mRS score≤2 points) (P＜0.05). The poor prognosis of corpus callosum infarction was found to be related to factors such as large lesions, multiple high-risk factors (≥3), concomitant lobar infarction and worsening of symptoms during the course of the disease. Conclusions Acute corpus callosum infarction often leads to cognitive impairment and mild limb paralysis, which frequently delays treatment. The poor prognosis is mainly related to factors such as lobar infarction, major lesions, and worsening of symptoms during the process.

Key words: corpus callosum infarction, clinical features, etiological type, prognosis