基于质谱的尿液蛋白质组的临床应用

doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.08.0982

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 尿液成分简单、获取无创、不受稳态机制的调控,相比于血液更易于发现疾病早期变化,是发现疾病标志物的良好体液来源。近年来,随着质谱技术和检测通量提升,临床尿液蛋白质组领域研究取得显著进展。尿液蛋白不仅可以反映疾病在组织水平功能变化,还可为个体化用药疗效监测提供新路径。本文系统总结了近十年(2015—2024)尿液蛋白质组在非泌尿系统疾病诊断中的研究进展。本文还对尿液蛋白质组在病情监测、预后评估、药物疗效以及中医药领域的应用进行探讨,并展望未来发展前景。

关键词: 尿蛋白组学, 生物标志物, 早期诊断, 临床应用

Abstract: Urine is stable, non-invasive obtaining and has simple composition. As urine is not regulated by homeostatic mechanisms, it is easier to detect early changes of disease comparing with blood, making urine as an ideal biomarker source. In recent years, with the improvement of mass spectrometry technology and detection throughput, research in the field of clinical urine proteomics has made significant progress. Urine can not only reflect the functional changes of the disease at the tissue level, but also provide a new path for monitoring the efficacy of individualized medication. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of urine proteomics in the diagnosis of non-urinary system diseases in the past decade (2015—2024). This review also discusses the application of urine proteomics in disease monitoring, prognosis evaluation, drug efficacy assesment, and traditional Chinese medicine. Finally,future development prospects of urine proteomics are discussed.

Key words: urine proteomics, biomarkers, early diagnosis, clinical application

中图分类号:

R319

魏静, 孙伟. 基于质谱的尿液蛋白质组的临床应用[J]. 基础医学与临床, 2025, 45(8): 982-991.

WEI Jing, SUN Wei. Clinical applications of urine proteome based on mass spectrometry[J]. Basic & Clinical Medicine, 2025, 45(8): 982-991.

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