基础医学与临床 ›› 2018, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 563-567.

• 短篇综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

小胶质细胞生物学特性及对神经元调控作用

李杰,周军媚,田绍文   

  1. 南华大学
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-19 修回日期:2018-01-17 出版日期:2018-04-05 发布日期:2018-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 田绍文 E-mail:tsw.neuro@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目

Cell biological properties of microglia and its role in neurons regulation

  • Received:2017-10-19 Revised:2018-01-17 Online:2018-04-05 Published:2018-03-27

摘要: 小胶质细胞是常驻脑实质内免疫细胞,在生理状态下是高度动态的,表达多种免疫受体与神经递质受体,严格监控着中枢神经系统(CNS)微环境。近来大量研究揭示这类免疫细胞具有积极地调控神经元作用,其潜在的影响了神经元发生、突触修剪,调节突触可塑性,阻止神经毒性。小胶质细胞功能性变化对CNS的发育、成熟及退化有重要作用。

关键词: 小胶质细胞, 生物学特性, 神经元

Abstract: Microglia are resident immune cells within the brain parenchyma. In physiological conditions, microglia are highly dynamic, expressing multiple immune receptors and neurotransmitter receptors, tightly monitoring the microenvironment of central nervous system (CNS). Major recent developments have revealed these immune cells actively modulate the functions of neurons, potentially affecting neuronal activity and synaptic pruning, contributing to synaptic plasticity, and preventing neurotoxicity. The functional changes of microglia play an important role in the development, maturation and degeneration of the brain.

Key words: microglia, properties, neuron

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