老年恶性肿瘤患者肾功能不全的抗肿瘤治疗挑战与管理策略

doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.10.1262

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 老年恶性肿瘤患者增多,且受衰老、肿瘤、药物等多种因素影响,其肾功能不全患病率高,相关研究数据匮乏,治疗面临诸多困难。本文系统剖析老年肾功能不全患者抗肿瘤治疗面临的挑战,并提出相应管理策略。优化策略包括精准评估肾功能,选择肾毒性低的药物并合理调整剂量,进行预防性处理,重视老年综合评估与多学科协作。肾损伤管理需个体化,肾移植、透析等特殊患者的治疗也需特殊考量。未来应聚焦生物标志物挖掘与低肾毒性药物开发,以应对这一复杂挑战。

关键词: 肾功能不全, 抗肿瘤治疗, 老年患者

Abstract: The incidence of malignant tumors among elderly patients is increasing. Influenced by multiple factors such as aging, tumor, and drug, this population exhibits a high prevalence of renal insufficiency. However, there remains a scarcity of research data and significant challenges in clinical management. This article systematically analyzes the challenges faced in administering anti-tumor therapies to elderly patients with renal insufficiency and proposes management strategies. Optimization approaches include precise assessment of renal function, selection of nephrotoxicity-sparing medications, appropriate dose adjustments, implementation of preventive measures, and emphasis on comprehensive geriatric assessment and multidisciplinary collaboration. Renal injury management should be individualized, with considerations for special populations such as renal transplant recipients and dialysis patients. Future efforts should focus on biomarker discovery and the development of low-nephrotoxicity therapeutic agents to address these complex clinical challenges.

Key words: renal insufficiency, anti-tumor treatment, elderly patients

中图分类号:

R730

曾骋宇, 邱维, 宋华, 郭欣颖, 应红艳. 老年恶性肿瘤患者肾功能不全的抗肿瘤治疗挑战与管理策略[J]. 基础医学与临床, 2025, 45(10): 1262-1269.

ZENG Chengyu, QIU Wei, SONG Hua, GUO Xinying, YING Hongyan. Challenges and management strategies of anti-tumor treatment for renal insufficiency in elderly patients with malignant tumors[J]. Basic & Clinical Medicine, 2025, 45(10): 1262-1269.

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