Language function areas mapping and its application in neurosurgery

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2020.11.003

Abstract

Abstract:

The ultimate goal of neurosurgery is to remove the lesion to the greatest extent while retaining neurological function. The preservation of motor function, sensory function, especially language function is of great significance to patients. So preoperative and intraoperative functional mapping has important guidance for surgery. The current invasive method-intraoperative direct electrical stimulation (DES) is still the "gold standard" for language mapping and lateralization, while non-invasive method such as functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), magnetoencephalography (MEG) and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) are easy to operate and can be used for preoperative positioning, postoperative follow-up and review. Multimodal functional assessment can improve the accuracy of preoperative language mapping. This article intends to review the positioning methods of language function areas and compare the advantages and disadvantages of various methods.

Key words: Language, Cerebral cortex, Electric stimulation, Magnetic resonance imaging, Magnetoencephalography, Neuronavigation, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Review

摘要：

神经外科手术的最终目的是在尽可能保留神经功能的前提下最大限度安全切除病灶，运动功能、感觉功能尤其是语言功能的保留意义重大，因此术前和术中功能区定位对手术具有重要指导意义。目前，侵袭性定位方法即术中直接电刺激仍是语言功能区定位和优势侧定位的“金标准”，fMRI、DTI、脑磁图和导航经颅磁刺激等非侵袭性定位方法操作简便，可用于术前定位、术后随访和复查，多模态功能评估可提高术前语言功能区定位的准确性。本文拟对语言功能区的定位方法进行概述，并比较各种方法的优缺点。

关键词: 语言, 大脑皮质, 电刺激, 磁共振成像, 脑磁图描记术, 神经导航, 经颅磁刺激, 综述

XU Qin-lan, QIANG Jun, LIU Xian-zeng. Language function areas mapping and its application in neurosurgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Neurology and Neurosurgery, 2020, 20(11): 944-948.

徐秦岚, 强峻, 刘献增. 语言功能区定位技术及其在神经外科中的应用[J]. 中国现代神经疾病杂志, 2020, 20(11): 944-948.

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