Abstract:

The aquaporin 4 (AQP4) plays an important role in the maintenance of transmembrane water transfer, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and homeostasis of central nervous system, and its highly specific autoantibody NMO-IgG has been used as a specific biomarker of neuromyelitis optica. However, in recent years, several studies have found that the positive rate in patients with neuromyelitis optica is not 100%, and it even can be detected in some other demyelinating diseases of central nervous system. This paper aims to make a review of the diagnostic value of NMO-IgG in demyelinating diseases of central nervous system, in order to deepen the understanding of this antibody and guide the clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis on demyelinating diseases of central nervous system.

Key words:

摘要：

水通道蛋白4 是维持中枢神经系统正常跨膜水转运、血-脑屏障完整性和中枢神经系统内环境稳定的水通道蛋白，其特异性自身抗体NMO-IgG 是视神经脊髓炎的特异性生物学标志物，但其在视神经脊髓炎中的阳性率并非100%，甚至在某些其他中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病中也可检测到。本文拟对NMO-IgG 在中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病中的意义进行概述，以加深对该抗体的认识并指导中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病的诊断与鉴别诊断。

关键词: 水通道蛋白质4, 视神经脊髓炎, 多发性硬化, 脑脊髓炎, 急性播散性, 综述